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Description medications: Polymyxin B sulfate (Polymyxini B sulfas)

Polymyxin B sulfate (Polymyxini B sulfas).

Is a polypeptide antibiotic from the group of polymyxins.

Synonyms: Aerosporin, Aerosporin, Bacillosporin, Polmix.

Powder or porous mass of white or white with a yellowish tinge. Hygroscopic. Easily soluble in water.

Like polymyxin M sulfate is highly active against gram-negative microorganisms. No effect on aerobic coccoid (staphylo-, streptococci, pneumonia, gono- and meningococcus) and anaerobic microorganisms, as well as most strains of the Proteus for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, diphtheria, on clostridia and fungi. The most valuable feature of the antibiotic is its efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Polymyxin B sulfate is applied intramuscularly, intravenously (infusion) and inwardly. Parenterally administered only in a hospital. When injecting the drug is rapidly absorbed, the maximum concentration in the blood is detected after 1 - 2 h. The drug is slowly released by the kidneys (in relatively high concentrations). In the cerebrospinal fluid does not penetrate. The development of drug resistance during treatment is rare. When administered topically inside and polymyxin B sulfate is practically not absorbed. Apply polymyxin B sulfate with sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, infected burns and other infections caused by Ps. aeruginosa. In infections caused by other Gram-negative organisms (Escherichia coli, of Enterobacter, and others.), Polymyxin B sulfate is prescribed only when the stability of the pathogen to other less toxic drugs.

Polymyxin B sulfate used also for infections of the gastrointestinal tract caused by susceptible to the action of microorganisms (Salmonella, Shigella, etc.).

Administered intramuscularly to adults in a dose of 0.5 - 0.7 mg / kg of 3 - 4 times daily. The daily dose should not exceed 200 mg. Children prescribed drug regardless of age with 0.3 - 0.6 mg / kg of 3 - 4 times daily. Before introducing the contents of the vial (25 and 50 mg) was dissolved in 1 - 2 mL of 0.5 - 1% novocaine solution, sterile water for injection or isotonic sodium chloride solution.

The drug is administered daily for 5 - 7 days.

For intravenous administration, the contents of the vial were dissolved (25 or 50 mg) in 200 - 300 ml of 5% glucose solution and administered dropwise at 60 - 80 drops per minute. For adults, the daily dose is 2 mg / kg, the maximum daily dose should not exceed 150 mg. The daily dose is administered in 2 divided doses every 12 hours. The dose for intravenous administration in children is the same as for intramuscular. For administration to children, the drug is dissolved in 30 - 100 ml of 5 - 10% glucose solution.

Inside prescribed drug in an aqueous solution. Adult dose of 100 mg every 6 hours. The children are given at 4 mg / kg, 3 times a day. Duration of treatment 5 - 7 days or more.

Polymyxin B sulfate in parenteral administration may cause nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity.