Pelvis as a whole

The pelvis , pelvis, is represented by two pelvic bones, the sacrum and coccyx, and also the pubic symphysis, which, when connected by joints, ligaments and two occlusal membranes, form the cavity of the pelvis, cavitas pelvis. The pelvis is divided into large and small.

The large pelvis, pelvis major, is bordered on the sides by the wings of the iliac bones and at the rear by the lower lumbar vertebrae and the base of the sacrum. The lower border of the large pelvis is the border line, linea terminalis. It passes along the crest of the pubic bone, the arch of the iliac bone, passes through the cape and continues on the opposite side along the same formations.

Small pelvis, pelvis minor, is located below the border line. Its lateral walls are formed by the lower part of the bodies of the iliac bones and the ischium bones, the posterior by the sacrum and coccyx, the anterior ones by the pubic bones.
The lower branches of the pubic bones are interconnected at an angle such that in men a subalveal angle is formed, angulus subpubicus, and in women - pubic arch, arcus pubis.

The place of transition of the large pelvis into the small one, marked by the borderline, is the upper aperture of the pelvis, apertura pelvis superior. The lower aperture of the pelvis, apertura pelvis inferior, is bounded laterally by the sciatic tubercles, from the rear by the coccyx, in front by the pubic symphysis and the lower branches of the pubic bones.

The pelvis is the receptacle of the organs of the digestive and genitourinary systems, large vessels and nerves. Its shape and size are due to individual characteristics and significant gender differences.
In obstetrics determine the size of the pelvis. Due to the fact that most of the internal dimensions of the pelvis can not be directly measured, a number of external parameters of the pelvis are established: three transverse and one straight.
In addition, in the anatomy a number of measurements of the small pelvis are used, determined on a macerated pelvis: conjugates - anatomical, true, diagonal and diameters - straight, transverse, oblique.

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