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Description drugs: Isoniazid (Isoniazidum)

ISONIAZID (Isoniazidum).

Isonicotinic acid hydrazide.

Synonyms: GINK, Tubazid, Andrazide, Chemiazide, Cotinazine, Dinacrin , Ditubin, Eutizon, Hidranizil, INH, Isocotin, Isonicazid, Isonicid, Isonizid, Isotebezid, Neoteben, Niadrin, Nicazid, Nicotibina, Nicozid, Nydrazid, Pelazid, Pycazide, Pyrizidin, Rimicid, Rimifon, Tebexin, Tibizid, Zonazide and others.

The white crystalline powder with a bitter taste. Easily soluble in water, it is difficult - in alcohol. Aqueous solutions (pH 6 0 - 7, G) + sterilized at 120 C for 12 min.

He is the main representative of derivatives of isonicotinic acid, found application as an anti-TB drugs. Other drugs in this group (ftivazid et al.) Can be considered as derivatives of isonicotinic acid hydrazide.

Isoniazid has high bacteriological activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. On the other common pathogens, he expressed chemotherapeutic action does not have any infectious diseases.

The drug is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum concentration of drug in the blood is found in 1 - 4 hours after ingestion; for 6 - 24 hours tuberculostatic concentration is maintained after administration of a single dose in the blood. The drug readily crosses the blood-brain barrier and is found in various tissues and body fluids. Write mainly kidneys.

Apply isoniazid for treatment of all forms and localizations of active tuberculosis in adults and children; it is most effective when fresh, ostroprotekayuschih processes.

Administered in combination with other anti-TB drugs. If you need to simultaneously mixed infection with isoniazid take other antibiotics Antibiotics (broad spectrum), sulfonamides, ftorhinoliny (see Ofloksatsin. Ofloxacin), and others.

Apply isoniazid inside vnutrikavernozno, intramuscular, intravenous, inhalation.

In appointing isoniazid and other drugs - derivatives of isonicotinic acid hydrazide (GINK) should be borne in mind that in the body, these drugs are inactivated at different speed. The degree of inactivation of the active content determined GINK in blood and urine. The faster a drug is inactivated in the blood, the greater its need for tuberkulostaticheskoy concentration in the blood, so the patient, the body of which there is rapid inactivation, give the drug a few large doses. K <rapid inactivator> refer patients excreting urine per day up to 10% of the isoniazid against the accepted dose, and to << slow (weak) >> - emitting less than 10%.

Inside appoint isoniazid adults and children in a daily dose of 5 - 15 mg per 1 kg of body weight in 1 - 3 doses (after a meal).

The daily dosage is determined individually depending on the nature and form of the disease, the extent of inactivation and tolerability. Treatment long.

For the prevention of tuberculosis, isoniazid are only inside for 5 - 10 mg / kg per day for 1 - 2 doses; prophylactic course of two months.