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Description medications: nitrosomethylurea (Nitrosomethylurea)

Nitrosomethylurea (Nitrosomethylurea).

N-nitroso-N-methylurea.

Creamy-white crystalline powder (or porous mass, easily disintegrating into powder). Sparingly soluble in water. Hygroscopic. Aqueous solutions are unstable: stored without decomposition for 20 - 30 minutes a 1% solution of pH 4, 0 - 5, 0.

The drug is a cytotoxic alkylating agent; It has antitumor activity against several malignancies. As with other alkylating agents, can cause at doses close to therapeutic, reversible inhibition of blood - leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.

Apply with chlamydia, lung cancer (especially small cell), melanoma, malignant lymphoma.

Immediately before administration the contents of the vial (100 mg) was dissolved in 5 - 10 ml of sterile water for injection. Administered intravenously at 6 - 10 mg / kg (300 - 600 mg), 1 to 3 days. Duration approximately 1 month (8 - 10 injections). Repeated courses at intervals of 3 - 4 weeks.

When nitrosomethylurea combination chemotherapy is administered in the same doses at intervals determined regimen. The course of treatment nitrosomethylurea in combination with other drugs is 2 - 3 week break between courses - 2 - 3 weeks. It is recommended that at least 2 courses.

If chlamydia is used together with vincristine (rozevin) or vinblastine, procarbazine, prednisone and other drugs in lung cancer - in combination with cyclophosphamide, in melanoma - combined with dactinomycin and vincristine or prospidina and vincristine. There are other schemes.

Direct toxic reaction to the introduction of nitrosomethylurea most patients: nausea, vomiting and occasionally diarrhea - occur after 20 - 40 min after injection. Nausea and vomiting can sometimes stay a few hours, less pronounced in the preliminary introduction of neuroleptics and antiemetics. By the end of the treatment of anorexia may increase.

Treatment is carried out under regular control of blood parameters, as this can cause leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Inhibition of hematopoiesis is usually observed at the end of treatment with cumulative doses of the drug more than 2 years When oppression blood (white blood cell count of less than 3, 5 x 10 9 / L, platelets less than 120 x 10 9 / L) treatment should be interrupted.

Repeated administration of the drug in the same vein, it is possible induration walls may develop phlebitis, pigmentation of the skin along the veins and obliteration.

Nitrosomethylurea should be administered strictly intravenously: when the product enters the skin possible necrosis. It should guard against falling solution to the skin, as it may be transient skin pigmentation.

The drug is contraindicated in severe leukopenia (white blood cell count of less than 3, 5 x 10 9 / l), thrombocytopenia (less than 120 x 10 9 / L), for violations of liver and kidney function in severe cachexia and in the terminal stages of the disease.