Pneumothorax spontaneous
Pneumothorax spontaneous - loss of negative pressure in the pleural cavity, accompanied by partial or total collapse of the lung due to communication with the external environment with the integrity of the chest wall. When the new incoming air is delayed, a strained (valve) pneumothorax arises in the pleural cavity, rapidly leading to a massive collapse of the lung and displacement of the mediastinal organs. Characteristic symptoms are a sudden intense pain in the food cavity, often occurring in the midst of complete health, lack of air, cyanosis, tachycardia. Possible reduction in blood pressure, lack of tactile voice jitter, percussion and box sound, respiratory noise reduced or disappear. Respiratory failure can pass without the permission of pneumothorax. The final diagnosis is determined by X-ray examination. Spontaneous pneumothorax can be primary and secondary. Primary arises from the breakthrough of subpleural emphysematous bullae, more often in the apex of the lungs. Usually these are high-growth patients with an inappropriately smaller body weight. Pneumothorax develops at rest, less often with exercise. Smokers are more prone to spontaneous pneumothorax. The probability of relapse without pleurodesis is approximately 50%. Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs more frequently on the background of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (tuberculosis, silicotuberculosis, sarcoidosis, bronchial asthma, pulmonary infarction, rheumatoid diseases, echinococcosis, berylliosis). The clinic of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax is more severe.
The treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax has two purposes: the removal of air from the pleural cavity and a reduction in the likelihood of relapse. The first treatment aid is puncture of the pleural cavity and aspiration of air through the puncture in the third to the fourth intercostal space along the mid-clavicular line and after that the drainage according to Bylau, especially with intense pneumothorax, the use of anesthetics. For the prevention of recurrence, pleurodesis is used by sclerosing agents, in particular tetracycline at a dose of 20 mg / kg intrapleural when the lung is expanded.
Menstrual pneumothorax is associated with the menstrual cycle in women over 25 years of age. Occurs in the first 48 hours after the onset of menstruation. The origin is unknown. To treat use of drugs that suppress ovulation. Otherwise, thoracotomy pleurodesis. Neonatal pneumothorax is more often observed in newborns, about 1-2% (with clinical symptoms in 0.5%), 2 times more often in newborn boys, usually in full-term and tolerated children. The reason is related to mechanical problems of the first lung dilatation, as well as respiratory distress syndrome. Diagnostics X-ray. With clinical symptoms - drainage of the pleural cavity. Hospitalization in a surgical hospital.
The prognosis for primary spontaneous pneumothorax is favorable, with secondary-conditioned by the course of the underlying disease.
- Surgical diseases
- Abscess
- Abscess appendicular
- Abscesses of the abdominal cavity
- Abscess of the Douglas space
- Intestinal abscess
- Abscess of the lung
- Soft tissue abscess
- Abscesses of soft tissues after injection
- Abscess of liver
- Amoebic liver abscess
- Prostate adenoma
- Actinomycosis
- Aneurysm
- False aneurysm
- True aneurysms
- Aneurysm of the aortic arch
- Aneurysm of descending thoracic aorta
- Dissecting Aneurysm
- Aneurysm of the abdominal aorta
- Aneurysm of peripheral vessels
- Arteriovenous aneurysm
- Aneurimas of the heart
- Appendicitis acute
- Perforation of the appendage
- Appendicular infiltration
- Pielephlebitis
- Atheroma
- Bronchoectasis
- Varicose veins
- Varicose veins of the spermatic cord
- Dropsy of testis and spermatic cord
- Rectal prolapse
- Gangrene gas
- Gangrene lung
- Hemorrhoids
- Hydradenite
- Gynecomastia
- Hernia
- Internal hernias
- Hernias of the esophagus
- External hernias
- Herniated hernias
- Herniated hernia
- Hernia of the white line
- Hernia postoperative ventral
- Herniated hernia
- Rare hernias
- Pincushion
- Phlegmon hernial sac
- False infringement of a hernia
- Hernias with inflammation
- Dumping syndrome
- Diverticulum
- Esophagus diverticulum
- Cervical diverticulum
- Bifurcation diverticulum
- Epiphrenial diverticulum
- Epiphrenial diverticulum
- Diverticulum of the stomach
- Diverticulum of the duodenum
- Meckel's diverticulum
- Jaundice mechanical
- Bile duct stones
- Ventilated stone of choledoch
- Papillotenosis
- Stricture of bile ducts
- Cancer of the head of the pancreas
- Cholelithiasis
- Urinary retention acute
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- Foreign bodies of bronchi
- Foreign bodies of the stomach
- Foreign bodies of the esophagus
- Foreign bodies of soft tissues
- Carbuncle
- Brushes and fistulas of the neck are lateral
- Cysts and fistulas of the neck median
- Colitis ulcerative ulcerative
- Coccygeal epithelial passage
- Cryptorchidism
- Bleeding
- Bleeding internal
- Bleeding gastrointestinal
- Varicose veins
- The Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
- Bleeding into the abdominal cavity
- Bleeding pulmonary
- Bleeding external
- Parenchymal hemorrhage
- Crohn's disease
- Lymphadenitis
- Lymphangitis
- Mastitis
- Putrefactive mastitis
- Acute non-lactational mastitis
- Chronic mastitis
- Megacolon
- Mediastinitis
- Intestinal obstruction
- Paralytic intestinal obstruction
- Mechanical intestinal obstruction
- X-ray diagnostics
- Specific types of intestinal obstruction
- Ingrown throat
- Frostbite
- Local cooling
- Burn
- Occlusion of the main arteries
- Acute occlusion of the vessels of the extremities
- Acute occlusion of mesenteric vessels
- Chronic occlusions of arterial vessels
- Obtiterating atherosclerosis
- Aortic ileal type
- Hips and popliteal type
- Peripheral type
- Occlusion of aortic arch branches
- Occlusion of carotid arteries
- Occlusion of the subclavian artery
- Takayasu's syndrome (absence of pulse)
- Chronic occlusion of mesenteric vessels (abdominal toad)
- Stenosis of the renal arteries
- Obliterating thrombangitis
- Raynaud's disease
- Orcoepididymitis
- Acute abdomen
- Acute pancreatitis
- Chronic pancreatitis
- Acute cholecystitis
- Panaritium
- Panaritium cutaneous
- Paronichy
- Panaritium subungual
- Panaritium tendinous
- Panaritium articular
- Panaritium bone
- Penetrating ulcer of the stomach and duodenum
- Peritonitis
- Peritonitis chronic
- Piopevneumotorax
- Postcholecystectomy syndrome
- Perforated ulcer
- Covered perforation
- Bedsore
- Prostatitis
- Wounds
- Fistulas of the rectum
- Stenosis of the outlet stomach
- Fracture of anus
- Urethritis
- Phimosis, paraphimosis
- Phlebothrombosis
- Occlusion of subclavian vein
- Phlegmon
- Furuncle
- Cholangitis
- Electric trauma
- Empyema of the pleura
- Congenital intestinal obstruction
- Atresia of the anus
- Congenital cholangiopathy of newborns
- Pylorostenosis
- Embryonic hernia (hernia of umbilical cord)
- Exstrophy of the bladder
- Dropsy of shells of testis and spermatic cord
- Surgical diseases of the chest
- Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- Congenital cysts of the lungs
- Pneumothorax
- Tracheophishoprine fistula
- Mastitis of newborns
- Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis
- Peritonitis in newborns
- Acute paraproctitis
- Necrotic phlegmon of newborns
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