Colitis ulcerative ulcerative
Colitis ulcerative ulcerative - a common ulcerative lesion of the mucous membrane of the colon, starting with a straight line, characterized by a protracted course and accompanied by severe local and systemic complications.
The etiology is unclear. There are reasons to consider this disease as an autoimmune process, which is accompanied by toxicoallergic and banal infectious lesions.
Multiple, merging ulcers of the mucous membrane of the large intestine lead to severe intoxication, an abundance of mucus, blood and pus from the rectum, abrupt disturbances in metabolic processes and septic-piemic skin lesions (pyoderma), eyes (iridocyclitis), joints (purulent arthritis ), Liver, etc. Due to increased permeability of the ulcerous wall affected by the ulcer and directly as a result of perforations of the ulcers, localized or diffuse peritonitis occurs.
Symptoms, the course is varied. Initially, there usually appears a loose stool with an admixture of mucus and blood and a general weakness. Diarrhea can progress (20-30 times a day) and lead to dehydration, exhaustion, severe anemia, disruption of electrolyte metabolism with convulsive syndrome. The temperature is subfebrile, the pronounced shifts of the inflammatory character are increasing in the laboratory data. There may be irritation of the peritoneum, bloating (acute toxic dilatation of the intestine), systemic lesions.
There are a fulminant, acute, chronic recurrent and constant (torpid) farm disease course. The fulminant form lasts several days and often ends in death due to complications (perforation, bleeding, toxic dilatation). Acute, chronic recurrent and torpid forms are differentiated according to the severity of the manifestations, they can be accompanied by a variety of local and systemic complications that are life-threatening (peritonitis, septicopyemia, deep anemia and dystrophy). Other, less severe complications can independently or under the influence of the treatment subside, and the disease itself passes into the stage of remission with a high probability of exacerbation under stressful situations or in the spring and autumn periods of the year.
The diagnosis is made on the basis of a clinical picture and is confirmed with a sigmoidoscopy or a colonoscopy (performed with great care!) On the basis of detection of contact bleeding of the mucous membrane of the colon, edema, disappearance of the vascular pattern and scattered small or merging superficial erosions and ulcers with the presence of mucus and pus in A lumen.
Treatment only in a hospital. It should be comprehensive and aimed at compensating for metabolic processes, treating complications and increasing regenerative processes in the wall of the colon. Recommended bed rest, high-calorie mechanically and chemically sparing diet, parenteral administration of fluids, solutions, proteins and glucose, with severe anemia - transfusion of erythrocyte mass. To prevent and treat purulent complications, sulfonamides and broad-spectrum antibiotics are used. Inside appoint (with tolerability) sulfasalazine to 4-8 g / day or salazopyridazine to 2 g / day for 3-7 weeks. Often, hormone therapy (prednisolone, hydrocortisone) in combination with sulfasalazine or without it becomes crucial in the treatment of severe acute and chronic forms of the disease. Surgical treatment is indicated for severe, life-threatening complications (perforation, profuse intestinal bleeding, acute toxic dilatation) and inefficiency of complex conservative treatment.
The prognosis depends on the severity of the disease, the nature of the complications and the effectiveness of complex therapy. A greater propensity to chronic, often recurrent, even with prolonged persistent treatment leads to a significant percentage of disability. Surgical treatment significantly reduces the severity of the manifestations of the disease, eliminates the possibility of dangerous complications, but is accompanied by the removal of the greater part of the colon and, therefore, determines the relatively small possibilities of medical and social rehabilitation of such patients.
- Surgical diseases
- Abscess
- Abscess appendicular
- Abscesses of the abdominal cavity
- Abscess of the Douglas space
- Intestinal abscess
- Abscess of the lung
- Soft tissue abscess
- Abscesses of soft tissues after injection
- Abscess of liver
- Amoebic liver abscess
- Prostate adenoma
- Actinomycosis
- Aneurysm
- False aneurysm
- True aneurysms
- Aneurysm of the aortic arch
- Aneurysm of descending thoracic aorta
- Dissecting Aneurysm
- Aneurysm of the abdominal aorta
- Aneurysm of peripheral vessels
- Arteriovenous aneurysm
- Aneurimas of the heart
- Appendicitis acute
- Perforation of the appendage
- Appendicular infiltration
- Pielephlebitis
- Atheroma
- Bronchoectasis
- Varicose veins
- Varicose veins of the spermatic cord
- Dropsy of testis and spermatic cord
- Rectal prolapse
- Gangrene gas
- Gangrene lung
- Hemorrhoids
- Hydradenite
- Gynecomastia
- Hernia
- Internal hernias
- Hernias of the esophagus
- External hernias
- Herniated hernias
- Herniated hernia
- Hernia of the white line
- Hernia postoperative ventral
- Herniated hernia
- Rare hernias
- Pincushion
- Phlegmon hernial sac
- False infringement of a hernia
- Hernias with inflammation
- Dumping syndrome
- Diverticulum
- Esophagus diverticulum
- Cervical diverticulum
- Bifurcation diverticulum
- Epiphrenial diverticulum
- Epiphrenial diverticulum
- Diverticulum of the stomach
- Diverticulum of the duodenum
- Meckel's diverticulum
- Jaundice mechanical
- Bile duct stones
- Ventilated stone of choledoch
- Papillotenosis
- Stricture of bile ducts
- Cancer of the head of the pancreas
- Cholelithiasis
- Urinary retention acute
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- Foreign bodies of bronchi
- Foreign bodies of the stomach
- Foreign bodies of the esophagus
- Foreign bodies of soft tissues
- Carbuncle
- Brushes and fistulas of the neck are lateral
- Cysts and fistulas of the neck median
- Coccygeal epithelial passage
- Cryptorchidism
- Bleeding
- Bleeding internal
- Bleeding gastrointestinal
- Varicose veins
- The Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
- Bleeding into the abdominal cavity
- Bleeding pulmonary
- Bleeding external
- Parenchymal hemorrhage
- Crohn's disease
- Lymphadenitis
- Lymphangitis
- Mastitis
- Putrefactive mastitis
- Acute non-lactational mastitis
- Chronic mastitis
- Megacolon
- Mediastinitis
- Intestinal obstruction
- Paralytic intestinal obstruction
- Mechanical intestinal obstruction
- X-ray diagnostics
- Specific types of intestinal obstruction
- Ingrown throat
- Frostbite
- Local cooling
- Burn
- Occlusion of the main arteries
- Acute occlusion of the vessels of the extremities
- Acute occlusion of mesenteric vessels
- Chronic occlusions of arterial vessels
- Obtiterating atherosclerosis
- Aortic ileal type
- Hips and popliteal type
- Peripheral type
- Occlusion of aortic arch branches
- Occlusion of carotid arteries
- Occlusion of the subclavian artery
- Takayasu's syndrome (absence of pulse)
- Chronic occlusion of mesenteric vessels (abdominal toad)
- Stenosis of the renal arteries
- Obliterating thrombangitis
- Raynaud's disease
- Orcoepididymitis
- Acute abdomen
- Acute pancreatitis
- Chronic pancreatitis
- Acute cholecystitis
- Panaritium
- Panaritium cutaneous
- Paronichy
- Panaritium subungual
- Panaritium tendinous
- Panaritium articular
- Panaritium bone
- Penetrating ulcer of the stomach and duodenum
- Peritonitis
- Peritonitis chronic
- Piopevneumotorax
- Pneumothorax spontaneous
- Postcholecystectomy syndrome
- Perforated ulcer
- Covered perforation
- Bedsore
- Prostatitis
- Wounds
- Fistulas of the rectum
- Stenosis of the outlet stomach
- Fracture of anus
- Urethritis
- Phimosis, paraphimosis
- Phlebothrombosis
- Occlusion of subclavian vein
- Phlegmon
- Furuncle
- Cholangitis
- Electric trauma
- Empyema of the pleura
- Congenital intestinal obstruction
- Atresia of the anus
- Congenital cholangiopathy of newborns
- Pylorostenosis
- Embryonic hernia (hernia of umbilical cord)
- Exstrophy of the bladder
- Dropsy of shells of testis and spermatic cord
- Surgical diseases of the chest
- Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- Congenital cysts of the lungs
- Pneumothorax
- Tracheophishoprine fistula
- Mastitis of newborns
- Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis
- Peritonitis in newborns
- Acute paraproctitis
- Necrotic phlegmon of newborns
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