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Wind turbine with propeller spinner

Winds-unit

The device is two halves of a hollow cylinder, which, after cutting it, moved apart from the common axis (see Fig. 1A). The body formed had a pronounced aerodynamic asymmetry. A stream of air running across its axis slipped from the convex side of one half-cylinder. But another, turned to the wind by a peculiar pocket, offered considerable resistance. The drum turned, half-cylinders changed places faster and faster, and the spinner quickly unwound.

Appearance of the wind turbine

This principle, perhaps without knowing it, took Serezha Kurnev as the basis of his future wind farm.

Such a scheme favorably differs from a wind turbine with a propeller spinner. First, it does not require great accuracy in manufacturing and gives a wide range of materials used. Secondly, it is compact.

The operating principle of the wind turbine

Judge for yourself. The power of the generator, driven by a drum with a diameter of only about a meter, will be the same as when using a three-bladed propeller with a diameter of 2.5 m! And if the propeller spinner should be installed on a high bar or on the roof of the house (this requires safety precautions), then the drum spinner can be placed directly on the ground, under a canopy. There is also a number of advantages for the drum: a large torque at low revs (hence, one can do without either a reducer or use the simplest single-stage gear), the absence of a brush current collector mechanism.

Serezha offers a two-bladed drum, but we suggest increasing the number of blades to four (Fig. 1B). The traction characteristics of such an installation will significantly improve.

So, let's start with the manufacture of the drum (Figure 2). Blades can be made from plywood, roofing iron, duralumin sheet or sheet plastic of suitable dimensions. In any case, try to avoid using excessively thick workpieces - the rotor should be light. This will reduce the friction in the bearings, which means that the drum will be easier to unwind with the wind.

If you use a roofing iron, strengthen the vertical edges of the blades by placing a metal rod 5-6 mm in diameter under the flange. If you decide to make the details of the vane from the plywood (its thickness should be 5-6 mm), do not forget to soak the billets with hot linseed oil. The cheeks of the drum can be made of wood, plastic or light metal. When assembling the drum, do not forget to grease the joints with a thick oil paint.

Crossings connecting individual blades to the rotor, it is better to weld or rivet from steel strips with a section of 5 x 60 mm. You can also use wood: the thickness of the workpiece is not less than 25 mm, width - 80 mm.

The axis for the turntable is easiest to make from a two-meter length of steel pipe with an outer diameter of about 30 mm. Before selecting the workpiece for the axis, find two ball bearings, preferably new ones. Having agreed the dimensions of the pipe and bearings, you will spare yourself from unnecessary work on fitting the pipe to the inner bearing cages. Steel rotors of the rotor are welded to the axis, the wood is fixed with epoxy glue and steel pins with a diameter of 5-6 mm, passing simultaneously through each cross and pipe. Mount the blades on bolts M12. Carefully check the distance from the blades to the axis: they should be the same - 140-150 mm. After assembling the drum, cover the joints of the parts again with thick oil paint.

The main element of the unit is ready, it remains to make the frame, welding or riveting it from the metal corner (the wooden variant also suits). On the finished frame, install the ball bearings. Make sure that there is no distortion, otherwise the rotor can not easily rotate. All parts of the unit are double-coated with oil paint, at the lower end of the axle, secure a set of pulleys of different diameters. Pull the belt through the pulley of the turntable with an electric current generator, for example, an automobile. The constructed sample of the wind power plant at a wind speed of 9-10 m / s can provide the power transmitted to the generator equal to 800 W.

Well, if there is windless weather or the wind is too weak to give the necessary electricity? Disruptions in the generation of electricity will not be, if you use the energy store - the battery. The wind is there - let electricity directly to the consumer, there is no wind - turn on the batteries charged from the wind farm. In Figure 3, we showed a schematic arrangement of the electrical circuit of such a wind farm.

If the windmill is used to irrigate the garden or garden, it must be mounted directly above the water source.

Journal "Young technician"

Date of publication: 28.04.2003.

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