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WIND POWER PLANTS. Wind turbines
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2118704

Wind turbine VNIP-2U

Wind turbine VNIP-2U

The name of the inventor: Pikul Vadim Nikolaevich
The name of the patent owner: Pikul Vadim Nikolaevich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1994.06.20

The invention relates to wind power, namely to wind turbines with air flow guiding devices. The exhaust tower has two outlets and is made up of an internal diffuser that contains a turbine and is mounted on the upper section of the bell, which is at the bottom of the tower path, from the header pipe and the concave outlet shell. The latter covers the diffuser with a circular gap and its convex tier tangentially interfaced with the lower belt of the head pipe. In this case, the angle of the meeting of the ejection channels of the head with the walls of the pipe is greater than the angle of mating of the lower belt of the pipe with the shell. The concave ridge of the shell is supported by vertical radially arranged plates to the turbine shaft, on the concave surface of the socket and together with it forms an exit slit. This annular nozzle with its cut is facing the inlet grille of the air intake guide ring. The windmill acquires not only the channels of the rear sector of the guide ring, but also the channels that are located on the front side. This supercharging opens the possibility to utilize the energy of the weakest winds. The headline shrinks in size and becomes more obticated. This is important in case of a squall, stormy weather, severe hurricane. The invention makes it possible to increase the coefficient of wind utilization.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

This development relates to wind power and concerns wind turbines with air flow guiding devices. In other words, the capture of horizontal currents in the working direction from the bottom up.

Known project wind turbine "VNIP-2 . " The one that contains the exhaust tower with the lower annular air intake, including the spiral canals and coupled with the tower path by the bell of this tower, as well as the air turbine on the vertical shaft in the said tract and the ejecting head. The latter covers the top of the tower-chimney with its canals. They are the same, tapering in all the points to the axis of the tower path and curved by the output sections to the top. In a word, they meet with the walls of the pipe at a very sharp angle.

The turbine of this windmill rotates under the influence of the head of the air vortex from below and the rarefaction of the medium formed by the wind ejector on the top of the engine. The windmill does not have any moving parts outside and makes it possible to generate electricity during squalls, strong wind and in stormy weather. The operation of such a machine is extremely simple (AS SU, No. 1657723, 1989, cl. F 03 D 3/04 ).

Lack of the described project - analog? Leeward air intake channels are inactive. Hence, a large proportion of wind energy in contact with the construction is not utilized. To maintain the required rotational speed of the electric generator rotor, it is no longer possible to use even a fresh wind. In addition, the too sharp angle of the channel meeting of the ejector with the walls of the tower slightly contributes to the work of the engine and only increases the drag of the head.

To partially solve the problem, a second project of the wind turbine was created. Improvement here was subjected to a ring fence. Plate protrusions and a guide ring were introduced. It is located outside the tower bell, concentric to the latter and is connected to it by means of these plates. These lamellar projections have a crescent-shaped profile, and the ring with its concave, jet-turning side and plates covers the edge of the socket, which is rounded here. And further.

Plates are exposed evenly in a circle and in planes radial to the axis of the tower tract. The lamellar projections smoothly adhere to the vertical partitions of the fence ... And what is the result? The wind is captured not only by the front channels. Some air currents began to flow into the leeward spiral passages. This is facilitated by the fact that the upper end of the pivot ring is raised above the rounded edge of the socket, and the lower end divides the input grid of the channels into two tiers.

The pressure drop across the turbine blades increases and is equalized by the time of wind blows. There is an opportunity to utilize the energy not only of fresh wind, but also of moderate. Perceive blows from any rumba, and automatically and without any kind of rotary mechanisms. ( SU SU, No. 1765492, 1990, according to F 03 D 3/04 ).

The lack of a prototype project should include the inability of a large engine to generate electricity in both weak winds and to safely dispose of the strength of the upper streams of atmospheric air during a hurricane. Why? Because of the difficulty of lifting cold air masses in a vertical path of great height. Too much energy of the ascending vortex is wasted with this.

In other words, the larger the VNIP-2 windmill, the smaller the ratio of its height dimension to the diametric dimension. What contributes to this? Very little uniformity and energy density in the channels of the swivel ring. Especially since the windward sector of the latter does not work at all! And besides? The head of the known layout is excessively cumbersome and has very poor streamlining. Means? The frontal resistance of the ejector at a height where the hurricane wind is particularly strong, increases to dangerous values ​​...

The engine is oriented mainly to such air currents, to high power. Combined with solar cells, which are conveniently placed around the turret between the intake and the head. Obviously, it is better to solve these problems in a complex way.

So, the purpose of this development is to increase the coefficient of wind energy use and reliability of the VNIP-2 engine . Expanding the range of action and power in winds, both weak and hurricane, by lifting the masses of cold air in the tower path simultaneously to two altitude levels. In order to partially relieve the head, make it less cumbersome. In order to intensify the work of the swivel ring.

The goal is achieved by means of the VNIP-2 wind turbine, which includes an exhaust tower-pipe with a lower air intake, in which the jetted spiral channels are connected with a vertical tower path by means of a bell, an air turbine on a vertical shaft in this path and an ejecting head covering the top of the pipe with its channels tapering From all points to the axis of the tower path, curved outlet sections to the top and meeting these areas at an acute angle.

Provided in the named windmill and guide ring. It is executed with a sickle-shaped twist profile on the concave side and covers the rounded edge of the bell. At the same time, the ring is connected to the funnel and spiral channels by the radial projections of the vertical partitions of that air intake to the turbine shaft. Moreover, the upper end of the ring is raised above the rounded edge of the socket, and the lower end divides the input grid of the spiral channels into two tiers.

The wind turbine differs in that its exhaust tower is made with a second outlet. There is also a bifurcation of the tower tract at a level towering above the turbine. At the same time, the tower is made up of an internal diffuser connected to the upper cut of the bell, from a header tube that is smaller in diameter than the diffuser, and a concave convex shell surrounding the diffuser with a circular gap and its convex tier tangential to the lower belt of the head pipe. Moreover, the concave stage of the shell with the help of vertical plates located radially to the shaft rests on the concave surface of the socket and together with it forms an exit slot-nozzle. This circular nozzle with a cylindrical section faces the input grid of the guide ring.

In this case, the edge of the upper end of the diffuser is rounded, and the edge of the lower cut of the head pipe is pointed and buried in the path of the indicated diffuser. And the edge of the diffuser end is rounded more strongly than the edge of the socket. The angle of the meeting of the channels of the head with the pipe wall is greater than the angle of conjugation of the lower belt of the tube with the shell. At the same time, the exit slit is smaller than the funnel by its outer diameter, and inferior to the height of the upper end of the ring above the rounded edge of the bell in its height. Moreover, the annular path, formed by a gap between the diffuser and the shell, along the living section and the height is smaller than the head pipe. Slightly!

The engine works like this. Wind currents intrude into the windows of the input grids of both the fence and the ejecting head. And, if the ejector here operates under the influence of the upper atmospheric currents and only by the channels of the windward sector, then the fence supplies also leeward entrances to the near-earth currents. In a word, those inputs that are frontal, and those that were in the shadow of the prototype.

Air jets leaving the windward channels of the head form a high-speed "visor" here, sucking the environment out of the pipe path. The increased slope of the ejector channels contributes to the process. Air jets, twisted at the entrance to the turbine, quickly rotate the wheel of the latter. Sticking from the turbine blades in the form of a residual vortex, they are distributed along both exit paths. The central air mass soars up the spigot pipe. Peripheral and vortices flow into the annular gap. In the one between the diffuser and the shell. Losses .

At the same time, the twisting of the air currents with the approach to the nozzle is suppressed. Including through the radial plates. As a result of this, an easy supercharging is created at the input of virtually all the rotational channels of the ring. And with weak winds, the slit nozzle generates ejecting jets. They suck the environment into "shaded" spiral channels.

The second exit of the tower path with a downward direction partially relieves the head of the hurricane winds and intensifies the work. And not only the ejector, but also the guide ring. In other words, the pole of wind loads on the construction here is reduced! The engine acquires the ability to catch the highest-speed riding winds without compromising its reliability. The range of wind use is expanded. From weak breaths to a hurricane. And without the help of other energy sources. This arrangement does not exclude the interaction of the intake with an annular chamber for transferring wind currents to the shadow zone of the guide ring ( see application No. 9-3027450 ).

Wind turbine VNIP-2U. Patent of the Russian Federation RU2118704 Wind turbine VNIP-2U. Patent of the Russian Federation RU2118704

The circuit diagram is shown in the drawing. The general view of the windmill is shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 2 illustrates a node consisting of a shell and its plates. The engine contains an exhaust tower with an air intake 1 (bottom) and a turbine 2. The intake 1 is equipped with a guide ring 3. The turbine is coupled to the generator by its shaft 4. The tower on the lower level is composed of the funnel 5, the diffuser 6, which is raised above the bell, And a concave-convex shell 7 ( see Figures 1 and 2 ).

The shell covers the diffuser with a circular clearance "c" and is fastened to the socket by means of plates 8, forming a circular nozzle "d". Above, the tower is represented by a pipe 9, which is connected to the convex tier of the shell by a lower belt. The top of the pipe carries an ejector head 10. It is reduced. Angle , Formed by meeting the channels of the head with a pipe, twice the angle . The latter is formed between the edge of the convexity of the shell and the belt of the head pipe. And further.

R> r ,

Where

R is the radius of rounding of the flange edge,

R is the rounding radius of the inner diffuser edge.

The need for this requirement is due to the fact that the second output of the tower path, like the first, should not create a backup turbine. That the living section of the annular tract is determined exclusively by the circular nozzle "d".

The wind at the same time interacts with the engine tower in the four previous levels. The direction of the incoming air currents is indicated in Fig. 1 by the light arrows "e". Invading the channels of the intake 1, the jets are accelerated, twisted and thereby rotate the turbine wheel 2.

Then the direction of the currents is indicated by solid black arrows "d". And the air, which appeared in the "c" tract, invades the slot nozzle "d". Meanwhile, the peak "to" the head 10 ejects the medium from the pipe 9 in the direction of the arrow "m". From the circular slot, the streams "and" flow into the rotational channels of the ring 3. Not only from the leeward side, but also into the channels of the frontal sector.

This creates conditions for strengthening the vortex at the entrance to the turbine, which is especially important in a weak wind. And with a hurricane? Relatively small and more streamlined headings will not create significant drag. The head tube can rise without fear. Both in terms of strength and relative to the support from the turbine outlet. In a word, the range of the windmill is expanding.

CLAIM

  1. The VNIP-2u wind turbine , consisting of an exhaust tower-pipe with a lower air intake, in which the spiral channels are connected with a vertical tower path by means of a bell, an air turbine on a vertical shaft in the same tract and an ejecting head covering the top of the pipe with its channels, curved output sections upward And the guide ring with a crescent-shaped twist profile on the concave side, encompassing the rounded edge of the socket and connected to the last and spiral channels by radial to the turbine shaft of the protrusions of the vertical partitions of the intake, the upper end of the ring being raised above Rounded edge of the bell, and the lower divides the input grid of the spiral channels into two tiers, characterized in that the exhaust tower is made with a second exit, and the bifurcation of the tower path is for this reason carried out at a level rising above the turbine, the tower being composed of an internal diffuser conjugated With the upper cut of the bell, from the header pipe, which is smaller in diameter than the diffuser, and a concave-convex shell enveloping the diffuser with a circular gap and its convex stage, which is tangential to the lower belt of the head tube, and the concave stage of the shell with the help of vertical plates radially disposed to the shaft Rests on the concave surface of the socket and together with it forms an exit slot-nozzle, which is cylindrical with its slice facing the input grid of the guide ring.
  2. The wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that said slit-nozzle is circular, and the outer diameter of the nozzle is smaller than the bell and is smaller in height than the top of the guide ring above the rounded edge of the bell, the edge of the upper end of the diffuser is rounded, and the edge of the lower end The cut of the head tube is sharpened and buried in the path of the said diffuser, the edge of the diffuser path being rounded stronger than the mouth of the bell, the angle of meeting of the canal channels with the pipe wall is greater than the angle of mating of the lower belt of the said pipe with the shell.

print version
Date of publication 11/14/2006