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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2164624
Wind turbine for wind turbine
The name of the inventor: Chudikov NN
The name of the patent holder: Pyatigorsk State Pharmaceutical Academy
Address for correspondence: 357532, Stavropol Territory, Pyatigorsk, Kalinina 11, Pyatigorsk State Pharmaceutical Academy
Date of commencement of the patent: 1999.08.25
The invention relates to the field of wind power and can be used in wind power plants of various capacities. The technical result, consisting in increasing efficiency, efficiency of the windmill, is achieved due to the fact that the wind turbine consisting of vertically mounted in the support with the possibility of free rotation of the shaft and equidistant from the shaft with the ability to rotate around its axes blades kinematically connected with the drive sprocket through the chain transmission , According to the invention, consists of two rectangular streamlined profiles of blades capable of rotating a shaft and a fixed driving sprocket, rotating about its axes parallel to the axis of the shaft, with an angular velocity half the angular velocity of rotation of the shaft and directed to the opposite side The blade width is equal to twice the distance from the edge of the shaft to the axis of rotation of the blade, and the angle between the planes of the blades is equal to 90 °.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of wind energy and can be used in wind power plants (VEU) of various capacities.
Wind turbines are known, consisting of vertically mounted in a support with the possibility of free rotation of the shaft and blades capable of turning around their axes (see German Patent No. 3534997 A-1 dated October 1, 1995). Such wind turbines have bulky construction and low efficiency.
Closer to the proposed wind turbine is a wind turbine comprising a vertical shaft mounted in a support equidistant from the shaft with the possibility of forcibly turning around its axes the blades kinematically connected via a chain drive with a drive sprocket mounted on the upper end of the shaft (Euroatent N 0008590 from 01.09 .78, sheet 6/12, Fig. 12). In such a windmill, a considerable part of the power is expended on the rotation of the blades, so its efficiency is quite low.
The purpose of the present invention is to improve the efficiency and efficiency of the wind turbine.
This goal is achieved by the fact that the windmill consists of two rectangular blades of a streamlined symmetrical profile capable of rotating a rotor and a stationary driving sprocket around its axes parallel to the axis of the shaft in a direction opposite to the rotation of the shaft at an angular velocity twice And the blade width is twice the distance from the edge of the shaft to the axis of rotation of the blade, and the angle between the plane of the blades is 90 ° , there are two identical, connected together, driving sprockets and each of them is kinematically connected through a chain drive with only one Blade, moreover, the driving sprockets are connected to the weather vane and the angle between the plane of the weather vane and the plane of the blade, at the moment of its possible coincidence with the axis of the shaft, is 90 ° .
The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawings, wherein: FIG. 1 shows a windmill, front view; In Fig. 2 - side view of the weather vane, view B; In Fig. 3 - top view, view A; In Fig. 4 - section AA; In Fig. 5 - the section AA is rotated about the axis of the shaft by 90 ° .
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The windmill consists of a shaft 2, vertically mounted in the support 1 with a possibility of free rotation of the shaft 2, two rectangular streamlined symmetrical profiles of the blades 3 equidistant from the shaft and mounted by their semi-axes 4 and 5 at the ends of the upper 6, 7, which are fixed to the shaft 2. The blades can rotate Around their axes parallel to the axis of the shaft, and their width d is equal to twice the distance d '' from the edge of the shaft to the axis of rotation of the blade, i.e., d = 2d '' (Fig. Each blade is kinematically connected to its driving sprocket 8 via a chain gear 9 and a driven sprocket 10 fixed to the axle 4 (Figures 1-3). The number of teeth of the drive sprocket is half the number of teeth of the sprocket 10. Two identical sprockets 8 are fixed to a common tubular shaft 11 located on the axis 12 and connected to a weather vane 13. The axle 12 is the upper end of the shaft 2. The blades are exposed relative to the weather vane so that the angle , Enclosed between the plane of the weather vane and the plane of the blade, at the moment of its coincidence with the axis of the shaft, is 90 ° (Figure 3), and the angle between the planes of the blades is 90 ° . |
WINDROWER WORKS AS FOLLOWING
In the presence of wind, as shown by the arrows (Figures 4 and 5), the weather vane, being installed in the wind, turns both blades into working position to the wind. Under the influence of wind on the blades, the wind wheel with shaft 2 will rotate. They will rotate around their axes and blades with angular velocity, half that of the shaft, and in the direction opposite to the shaft. To determine the power on the shaft of the windmill, a graph of the change in the power transferred to the shaft by the blades per one complete revolution of the shaft is compiled. As can be seen from Fig. 4 and 5, each blade, having a maximum working surface area and sailing property, transmits to the shaft a certain power at all points of the circle with radius R, except point K, where the blades assume a position parallel to the wind, providing it with minimal resistance. At the beginning of the turn, when the blade is perpendicular to the wind (Fig. 4, point H), it transfers to the shaft all the energy of the direct impact of the wind flow with a section equal to the area of the working surface of the blade, i.e. Transmits to the shaft the maximum power N m , equal to 
KW (see Figure 6), where C is the coefficient of power transfer by the blade to the shaft (it is equal to C = sin 2 C = sin 2 
, Where - angle of rotation of the blade to the wind); 
- volumetric weight of air in kg / m 3 ; F - area of the working surface of the blade in m 2 ; V - wind speed in m / sec; G = 9.81. When the blade is perpendicular to the wind C = 1. Under different angles of the blade to the wind C will decrease and when the shaft is rotated by 180 o = 0. Proportional to C will also change the power transferred to the shaft by the blade. Curve 1 shows the change in power transmitted to the shaft by one blade per revolution of the shaft (see Figure 6). Curve 2 shows the change in power transmitted to the shaft by the other blade. The total power transmitted to the shaft by two blades per revolution of the shaft will be a constant power N on the shaft of this windmill, i.e. 
KW. The loss of power to rotate the blades around their axes here will be negligible and is not taken into account; When rotating the wind wheel, the blades themselves can rotate against the shaft under the influence of the airflow surrounding them. The weathervane only preserves the vanes with a sailing property under a changing wind.
Number of revolutions n of the shaft under load: 
R / s, where 
= 3.14.
When determining the efficiency of a given wind turbine, it is necessary to take into account that the area of the largest section of a wind wheel perpendicular to the wind (the median section, figure 1) is equal to 1.5 of the blade area, without taking into account the area of the longitudinal section of the shaft and driving. But this windmill completely captures the energy of the air flow with a section equal to the blade area (see above). Then the ratio of the area of the blade to the midship section of the wind wheel is the efficiency; 1 / 1,5 = 0,666 ... Rounding this number taking into account the area of the longitudinal section of the shaft and driving, we get the efficiency of this wind turbine no less than 0.63. When using three such blades in such a windmill, its efficiency can increase to 0.8.
An essential distinctive feature of the proposed invention is that the wind turbine has rectangular blades of a streamlined profile and a width equal to twice the distance from the edge of the shaft to the axis of rotation of the blade, moreover, the blades have sail due to rotation around their axes with an angular velocity that is half the size Than the shaft, in the direction opposite to the shaft and have a kinematic connection with the weather vane.
The advantage of the proposed design is the simplicity and compactness of the device and increased efficiency.
CLAIM
1. Wind turbine consisting of a vertically mounted shaft in the support with a possibility of free rotation of the shaft and equidistant from the shaft with the ability to rotate around its axes blades kinematically connected to the drive sprocket through the chain transmission, characterized in that the windmill consists of two rectangular streamlined profiles of blades capable of , With a possible rotation of the shaft and a stationary driving sprocket, rotate about its axes parallel to the axis of the shaft, with an angular velocity half the angular velocity of rotation of the shaft and directed to the side opposite to the rotation of the shaft, the blade width being twice the distance from the edge of the shaft to The axis of rotation of the blade and the angle between the planes of the blades is 90 ° .
2. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the windmill has two identical driving stars connected together and each of them is kinematically connected through a chain transmission with only one blade.
3. The wind turbine as claimed in claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the driving sprockets are connected to a weather vane and the angle between the plane of the weather vane and the blade plane at the moment of its possible coincidence with the axis of the shaft is 90 ° .
print version
Publication date 31.01.2007gg
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