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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2182985
VORTEX Wind turbine for wind turbines
The name of the inventor: Bubnov VA; Ovsyannikov V.M .; Osokin AA
The name of the patent holder: Moscow City Pedagogical University
Address for correspondence: 125040, Moscow, ul. Skakovaya, 4/1, apt. 75, to VM Ovsyannikov
Date of commencement of the patent: 2000.11.17
(EN) The invention relates to wind energy, namely vortex engines, which transform the kinetic energy of a hurricane-like vortex into a mechanical one. The technical result, consisting in increasing the power on the shaft of the windmill by using the energy of the hurricane-like vortex, is achieved due to the fact that in a vortex windmill containing a stator-swirler with at least one convergent channel, a rotor with profiled blades on the shaft and an additional source Of the rising streams of heated air, according to the invention, an air vortex formation zone is formed in the stator vortex, the lateral surface of which is formed by the end sections of the confluent channels, and the lower and upper bases are supported by supporting rings having through holes, the stator vortex itself being mounted on the supporting structure above Surface of the earth in a stream of air having a velocity greater than that of its surface.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of wind energy, namely vortex engines that convert the kinetic energy of a hurricane-like vortex into mechanical or electrical energy.
Known is a vortex windmill comprising a stator-swirler with at least one convergent channel, a rotor with shaped blades on the shaft and an additional source of rising upflows of heated air (see SU, 1539382 A1, class F 03 D 3/04, 30.01. 1990), on the basis of the essential features of the invention, adopted for the closest analogue (prototype).
The known vortex windmill has a low efficiency because of the large energy loss in the inlet channels because of their large length at a small transverse dimension, and because of the absence of a hole at the bottom of the tower, intense axial currents are not generated leading to an increase in the angular momentum acting on the rotor and are absent Recommendations for the optimal angle of the injection of jets into the fusion region with respect to its radius and there are no optimal ratios of height and diameter of the fusion region, which reduces the reliability and efficiency of the engine.
The technical result, consisting in increasing the power on the shaft of the windmill by using the energy of a hurricane-like vortex, is achieved due to the fact that in a vortex windmill containing a stator-swirler with at least one convergent channel, a rotor with profiled blades on the shaft and an additional source Of the rising streams of heated air, according to the invention, an air vortex formation zone is formed in the stator vortex, the lateral surface of which is formed by the end sections of the confluent channels, and the lower and upper bases are supported by supporting rings having through holes, the stator vortex itself being mounted on the support structure above The surface of the earth in the air flow having a velocity greater than that of its surface, the vertical walls of the confluent channels forming an angle of 30 ° with tangents to the horizontal section of the cylindrical zone of the formation of the vortex, the confusion channels have walls at the top and bottom, the ratio of the diameter of the holes of the support rings to the diameter of the zone The height of the cylindrical zone of formation of the vortex is equal to its diameter, the rotor further comprises a cross, the planes of which in the lower part have cutouts for the shaft, an additional source of ascending streams of heated air is formed in the form of a gas dynamic flame of a flame flowing out of the nozzle into which The fuel gas is supplied and the lower support ring located below, wherein the rotor blades are configured with the possibility of creating downward and upward angular momentum fluxes of one direction in the vortex formation zone.
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1 shows a vortex windmill (general view); The vortex windmill includes a stator-swirler consisting of at least one convergent channel 1, a rotor 2 with profiled blades 3 on the shaft 4, and an additional source of ascending streams of heated air formed as a gas dynamic flare 5 of a flame flowing out of the nozzle 6 into which A gaseous fuel is supplied, while an air vortex formation zone 7 is provided in the stator vortex, the lateral surface of which is formed by the end sections of the confluent channels 1, and the lower and upper bases are provided by the lower and upper support rings 8, 9 having upper and lower through holes 10, 11, and the stator-swirler itself is mounted on the support structure 12 above the ground in an air stream having a velocity greater than that of its surface. |
The vertical walls of the confluent channels 1 constitute an angle of 30 ° with tangents to the horizontal section of the cylindrical vortex formation zone 7, with the confusion channels 1 having walls at the top and bottom, the ratio of the diameters of the holes of the support rings 8.9 to the diameter of the vortex formation zone 7 is 0.5, And the height L of the cylindrical vortex formation zone 7 is equal to its diameter D (L / D = 1).
The rotor 2 further comprises a crosspiece 13 whose planes in the lower part have cutouts for the shaft 4. The gas dynamic flame 5 is located below the lower support ring 8 and the nozzle 6 is located at such an elevation h above the ground so that the length of the torch 5 reaches the level of the hole 11.
The blades 3 of the rotor 2 are configured with the possibility of creating downward and upward angular momentum fluxes of one direction in the vortex formation zone 7.
The vortex windmill works as follows. A straight stream of air having a higher velocity at a height than at the surface of the earth, regardless of the direction of the wind speed, enters one or several convergent channels 1, passing through and increasing the initial wind speed by as many times as the area of the entrance section of the channel 1 is greater than the output one, It enters the zone 7 of the formation of the vortex at an angle of 30 ° to the tangent to the horizontal section of the cylindrical zone 7. In this zone 7, because of the high wind speed, according to the well-known Bernoulli equation, the static pressure decreases, which leads to ejection of air masses into the zone 7 through Channels adjacent to the channels through which a straight stream of wind penetrated. In turn, entering zone 7, the ejected streams divert from the adjacent channels a rectilinear accelerated air flow, causing it to spin in the same direction, independent of its original direction. In this case, the lower and upper walls of the confusion channels 1 ensure that all air masses entering the inlet sections of the channels 1 enter the zone 7, which increases the kinetic energy of the vortex. The support rings 8 and 9 and retain the swirling air flow in the vortex formation zone 7. [
In the manner described above, a peripheral vortex is built on the support rings 8 and 9 and has a radial maximum of the circumferential velocity v inside the vortex due to the ejection action of the ejected streams.
The centrifugal force of the peripheral vortex causes the outflow in the radial direction of the air from the axis of the zone 7. This outflow together with the inflow to the center of the zone 7 of the initial air flow and ejected streams forms a stable and observed vortex contour in the form of a cylindrical column supported by support rings 8, 9.
The outflow of air from the axis of zone 7 causes a decrease in the static pressure at this point. Due to this and the action of gravity through the upper opening 10, air masses are drawn inside the zone 7, twisted by a peripheral vortex and having a downward axial flow in the center. This forms the inner vortex.
The centrifugal force of the internal vortex causes the outflow of air from the axis of zone 7 in the radial direction. Therefore, not all of the air entering through the aperture 10 reaches the lower opening 11. The air entering the opening 10 and not reaching the opening 11 together with the air masses from the confusion channels 1 creates an upward flow near the periphery of the upper hole 10. The radial profile 14 The axial velocity forming these axial flows is typical of real hurricanes.
The hurricane-like vortex formed in zone 7 from the rectilinear air stream has commensurate absolute axial 14w and circumferential 15v velocities. In this case, such a vortex with dimensions L = D has the maximum kinetic energy.
The shaft 4 of the windmill is driven into rotation by a crosspiece 13 which converts the kinetic energy of the circumferential motion into a mechanical angular momentum and by the blades 3 configured so that the descending and ascending axial flow of the vortex creates an angular momentum of the same direction coinciding with the direction of rotation of the cross 13. As Axis of the vortex, the circumferential velocity of the vortex is negligible, then the planes of the crosspiece 13 have notches, which facilitates the design of the rotor 2.
In the absence of wind, the gas dynamic flare 5 of the flame, flowing into the free space from the nozzle 6 with a large hydrodynamic velocity directed along the axis of the zone 7 from the bottom up, involves the air layers adjacent to the periphery of the flare 5. These air layers near the periphery of the lower hole 11 in the direction From the bottom up flow into the zone 7, creating in it vertical axial flows. In the vicinity of the center of the lower opening 11, the flame front 5 strongly heats the air, which causes a descending free-convective airflow entering the zone 7 through the upper opening 10. These two axial flows, acting on the blades 3, rotate the shaft 4, which leads to Rotation of the crosspiece 13. The crosspiece 13 in this case acts as a swirler and creates a circumferential airflow and, due to the additional air masses ejected through the channels 1, increases the kinetic energy of the vortex at a fixed rotation of the shaft 4 obtained with the axial flows described above.
The joint use of the two sources of vortex motion described above (rectilinear wind and flame flames) will only increase the power of the windmill.
CLAIM
1. A vortex windmill comprising a stator-swirler with at least one convergent channel, a rotor with shaped blades on the shaft and an additional source of ascending heated air streams, characterized in that in the stator-swirler there is an air vortex formation zone, the lateral surface of which Is formed by the end sections of the confluent channels, and the lower and upper bases by supporting rings having through holes, the stator-swirl itself being mounted on the support structure above the ground in an air stream having a velocity greater than that of its surface.
2. A wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical walls of the confluent channels form an angle of 30 ° with tangents to the horizontal section of the cylindrical zone of formation of the vortex.
3. A wind turbine according to any of the preceding claims. 1, 2, characterized in that the confusion channels have walls from above and from below.
4. A wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the diameters of the holes of the support rings to the diameter of the vortex formation zone is 0.5.
5. The wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the cylindrical zone of formation of the vortex is equal to its diameter.
6. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor further comprises a cross, the planes of which in the lower part have notches for the shaft.
The wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional source of the ascending streams of the heated air is formed as a gas dynamic flame of a flame flowing from the nozzle into which the gaseous fuel is supplied and the lower support ring located below it.
8. The wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor blades are configured with the possibility of creating downward and upward angular momentum flows of one direction in the vortex formation zone.
print version
Publication date 31.01.2007gg
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