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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2062351
hydropower INSTALLATION
Name of the inventor: Bechtold Edward Reynholdovich; Abramov Viktor Abramovich
The name of the patentee: Bechtold Edward Reynholdovich; Abramov Viktor Abramovich
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1992.08.05
Usage: hydropower, in particular environmentally friendly hydroelectric damless. The inventive hydraulic wheel consists of a surface part comprising a gear 6 and generator 7, and the underwater part containing the working body with upper and lower bases, the main blade 1 with small blades 3 disposed along the support 4 and tension piles. The wheel set at the straightener shield. Bases working member are in the form of flat regiments elliptical shape and are each provided with openings are elliptical in shape. Between the bases on the inside forming a working body established solid sheathing, which has a cross-sectional shape of an ellipse. On stilts, set in the grounds openings through the hub and bearing assemblies mounted drive and idler 8 with traction chains 11. Running wheel as the main system of the blades having a cross section in the shape of an elongated ellipse and a continuation of each wing panel straightener will allow to participate in the as the nearest and farthest from the shield blades 1. As a result, the work included up to half of the main blades 1, which will increase the capacity and efficiency of the hydropower plant almost doubled.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of hydropower construction and hydropower, namely to clean damless hydropower plants (hydroelectric power plants), intended for the production of electricity at work (neperemerzayuschih) rivers without dams.
Known hydroelectric operating on rivers, where the pressure to create a concentration of turbines fall of the river on the used portion of the dam, a diversion, a diversion dam and co [I]
The disadvantage of these hydropower plants is the high labor intensity of the construction of dams, and the loss of a large area of land because of their bay.
Known hydropower plant comprising operating element formed as a hub with drive sprockets, the endless chains interacting with sprockets, chain tension device main blades mounted vertically relative to the flow and pivotally mounted on moveable chains along the flow under the influence of the latter, and a device for fixing the working body [2]
The disadvantage of this setup is that the working body (shoulder blade) is placed on the roller chains, between which there is no lining, which will result in a very low efficiency, because flow pressure will "leave" between circuits, where there is no resistance to it, and will participate in the minimum amount of flow pressure energy.
Accordingly, a task of the invention to increase the power and efficiency of the hydropower plant.
The task is achieved by the fact that the known hydropower plant comprising operating element formed as a hub with drive sprockets, the endless chains interacting with sprockets, chain tension device main blades mounted vertically relative to the flow and pivotally mounted on movable along flow circuit under the influence of the latter, and a device for fixing the operating element according to the invention is provided with a rectifiable shield placed in front of the working body along the flow actuator is provided with additional blades disposed at an angle to the main, upper and lower flat bottoms elliptical shape with elliptical apertures and closed casing installed between the base and having a section parallel to the bases elliptical in shape, for fixing the working member unit is in the form of support piles, which by means of bearings fixed hub drive wheels and tensioning device is arranged in the form associated with one of the support piles tension pile and mounted thereon by a bearing hub idler sprockets cooperating with the chains, each pile is placed in the openings bases at the ends of each main bearing blade mounted in contact with the base, and the chain located outer generatrix plating.
In comparison with the prior art the claimed invention allows to increase power and efficiency hydroelectric installation by maximizing the flow pressure energy.
The invention is illustrated by drawings, where
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1 shows a hydropower installation in cross section from the river
counter flow (on the left side of the drawing the main blades not shown).
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2 - a section along A-A of FIG. 1. 3 hydropower plant in perspective.
4 main blade in perspective.
The hydropower plant includes underwater and above-water portion (Fig. 1). Underwater part comprises an operating body main blade 1 is further provided with two blades disposed at an angle to the main blades 1 and placed at the same distance from each other, and a device for fixing the working body 3 made of a support 4 and tension piles. The main body of working vane mounted vertically relative to the flow between the upper and lower flat bases 17 of elliptical shape with elliptic apertures 12 and the closed casing, mounted between the base 17 and having a cross section in parallel to the bases of the ellipse shape. The hydropower plant is installed at the straightener board 5. When the installation is necessary between the supporting piles 3 to set the diagonal or transverse reinforced concrete structures to provide rigidity and stability of the hydropower plant.
On the pile at the base 3, which is mounted above-water part of the gearbox 6 and the current generator 7, set the drive sprocket 8 working body. To install the extreme 3 dressing anchor pile strong metal (or other material) pipe 9 that serves as the hub, with the drive sprockets 8. Inside the tube 9 are mounted bearings (not shown) which directly support the extreme dress pile 3. pipe rolikooporny 9 mounted on bearings (not shown) located in the lower widened part 10 at the supporting pile 3. on the pile 4 are mounted tensioning idler 8 (analogous piles 3). Drive and tensioning sprockets 8 are covered by the endless chains 11 such as a ship's chain or chains of another type, while tensioning pile 4 serves as tensioning endless chains 11. The endless chains 11 positioned on the outer surface of the closed casing 12, which in turn presents a closed surface having the shape of an ellipse in cross section, located inside the working body generatrix and is intended to hold the water flow to the working surface of the main blade 1. Alternatively, the endless chain 11 can be mounted to the paired arrangement of the edges of the main blades 1, or offset as shown Figure 1.
Main blade 1 to the endless chains 11 are mounted so that the resultant force F (term of the direction of the water flow of the river 13 and the direction of flow 14 discharged from the straightener shield 5) worked on the working surface of each main blade 1 and to each subsequent main blade 1 does not working surface overlaps each previous lopatki core 1 with respect to the force F. in addition, the main blade 1 has a metal (or other material) stop 15 to ensure its stability during the working stroke, but also to avoid kontrtsep 16 rotate with the main blade 1 idling on her back extending basic blade 1. Main blade 1 during their work move between the top and bottom of the base 17 along the internal and external forming a working body. Wherein the upper and lower bases 17 are formed as flat regiments elliptical shape and are provided with openings similar elliptical shape. The upper base 17 is attached to all the piles 3 and 4 (not shown) parallel to the lower base. In turn, the pile 3 and 4 are installed in the openings 17 bases forming parallel closed skin 12.
The distance between the upper and lower bases 17 equal to height H of the main blade 1 together with the bearings 18, the bearings 18 are in contact with the bases 17 (upper and lower) and are mounted to each main blade paired one on top and lower them. Bearings 18 allow movement of the main blade 1 between the upper and lower bases 17.
Lubricants for all moving parts in the water is water. For normal operation of the hydropower installation endless chains 11 are located on the outer skin 12 and the generator must be strained. To tighten or loosen the chain tensioning 11 used pile 4 which moves to the top of the shelf assembly through the window 19 and the bottom 20. The tension in parallel weakening of the traction chain tensioning device 11 is made 21 (such as "hitch", or other). For tension traction chains 11 need to trim 12 and the upper and lower base 17 on both sides of the tension in the pile 4 had a break of continuity with the overlap providing their ends in the direction of motion of the blades 1. The main tensioner 21 is installed between the support 3 and 4, the tension piles.
Installation of the hydropower installation is carried out in the following sequence: first mount underwater part of the pile, the working body with its mobile system, which is the main thrust of the blade 1 and the circuit 11, and then the above-water part of the gearbox is 6 and the generator current 7, which are located on the shelf 19.
Rectifiable shield 5, acting as a local dam, narrows the river bed, causing the water in the ground with 22 dumping straightener shield 5 on the main blade 1 the flow rate and pressure of the flow will increase. For efficient operation of the hydropower installation is required to install the straightener shield 5 by the direction of the water flow of the river 13.
As a result, the greater the velocity of the water flow and the longer the working level of the river, "with", the stronger will be the hydropower plant.
To determine the level of the working river "with" must have the following information:
"with a" working river level equal to the height of the main blades Nl with bearings 18 plus the thickness of two (2 t) upper and lower bases 17, ie, H l +2 t;
"A" of a size equal to the maximum thickness of the freezing of water in the river i.e. plus 10-15% (A + 0,15a);
"In the" size received from 0.2 to 0.5 m depending on the species or material constituting the bottom of the river;
"H" is the difference between the maximum water level in the river (flood period) and a minimum water level in the river, plus 10%, ie (H + 0,1h);
"D" the width of the main blade 1, determined by the capabilities of the river.
Installation of the hydropower plant for everyone, including the freezing of rivers, is as follows.
To a pile or a support bridge 23 (or to another auxiliary piles not shown) is a mounting flange 19, where gather underwater and above-water part of the hydroelectric units (on both sides of the support 23, or on one side), or with a small surface vessel or barge in the river areas, not hinder navigation.
Hydropower installation works as follows.
To operate the hydroelectric installations using energy flow (flow) of water in the river using a straightener shield 5.
For the system to the main blades 1 effectively and in a given direction 24 rotates, it is necessary at a height H u, equal to H u H min + h p + h GT , Where h is the height of the gear p; h GT alternator height to install and secure the supports (in the drawings they are not shown) by the flow straightener 13 River shield 5 which may be made of metal, concrete or other materials. It is necessary to shield the wings straightener 5 directed water flow directly to the nearest main blade 1, and on the farthest from the main board 5 of the blade 1 will affect the river water flow, but also accelerated since System main blades 1, made in the cross-section in the shape of an elongated ellipse, is a kind of continuation of the straightener shield 5 and narrows the river bed. As a result, the maximum number will participate energy flux (flow) of water, which is a great advantage since increase capacity and efficiency of the hydropower plant.
Under the action of the water flow will move the main blade 1, through which the traction chains 11 transmit rotation of the drive sprocket 8, and the last gear unit and transmitting rotation of the power generator 7, which will generate electricity necessary for the consumer.
CLAIM
The hydropower plant comprising operating element formed as a hub with drive sprockets, the endless chains interacting with sprockets, chain tension device main blades mounted vertically relative to the flow and pivotally mounted on moveable chains along the flow under the influence of the latter, and a device for fixing the working body, characterized in that the installation is provided with a rectifiable shield placed in front of the working body along the flow actuator is provided with additional blades disposed at an angle to the main, upper and lower flat bases elliptical shape with elliptical apertures and a closed casing disposed between bases and having in cross-section, parallel to the base, an ellipse, a device for mounting a working body is in the form of supporting piles, which means bearing fixed hub drive wheels, and a device for the tension is in the form associated with one of the support piles tension piles and installed on therein by bearing hub tensioning sprockets cooperating with the chains, each pile is placed in the openings bases at the ends of each main bearing blade mounted in contact with the base, and the chain located outer generatrix plating.
print version
Publication date 12.01.2007gg
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