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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2269184

thermoelectric battery

thermoelectric battery

Name of the inventor: Tagir Ismailov Abdurashidovich (RU); Verdiev Mikail Gadzhimagomedovich (RU); Evdulov Oleg (RU); Merkuhin Alekseevskii
The name of the patentee: Dagestan State Technical University (DSTU)
Address for correspondence: 367015, Makhachkala, etc. Imam Shamil, 70, DSTU, Intellectual Property Department.
Starting date of the patent: 2003.11.28

The invention relates to a thermoelectric instrument engineering, in particular to the structure of the thermoelectric battery (TEB). EFFECT: elimination of the risk of electric shock during operation, improving the conditions of heat exchange between the connection plates and the object of cooling, but also teplosbrosa system. The inventive thermoelectric battery (TEB) consists of a series-connected in the electrical circuit through the switching semiconductor wafers thermocouples. Electrical connection branches is performed by contacting the p-type branch - switching plate - n-type branch. The branches of the p-type and n-type contact end surfaces respectively with two opposed surfaces. Switching plates have an area slightly larger than the cross sectional area of ​​the branch-and p-n-type, so that their first ends protrude from the surface of the structure formed by the branches of TEB. Odd switching plates in favor of one surface of the structure, and even switching the plate - for another. Protruding portions of switching plates are covered with a protective layer of high thermal conductivity dielectric. The ratio of surface protrusions of even and odd switching plates determined from the relationship:

where S 2, S 1, 1 2, T 2, T 1 -, respectively, the area of heat transfer coefficients of the surfaces with their environment and the average temperature of the protruding ends of even and odd switching plates, Wed T - ambient temperature; - Refrigeration TEB ratio in the case of her work in the cooler mode or rate of energy conversion in the case of TEB in thermoelectric mode.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a thermoelectric instrument engineering, in particular to the structure of the thermoelectric battery (TEB).

TEB is the prototype of the invention described in [1]. TEB consists of series-connected in the electric circuit of semiconductor thermocouples, each of which is formed by two branches (columns, made either cylindrical or a rectangular parallelepiped), respectively made of a semiconductor p- and n-type. Thermoelements branches interconnected by means of switching plates, and the branch type and p-n-type contact end surfaces respectively with two opposed surfaces of the circuit plate. Switching plates have a somewhat larger area than the cross-sectional area of ​​the branches, so that they protrude beyond the surface of the structure formed by the branches of TEB.

The disadvantages of the known design is a certain risk of electric shock during operation, as switching plate on which electric current flows, not electrically insulated, and a non-optimal for the most effective heat exchange with the object of the cooling system and the values ​​of the area teplosbrosa protrusions switching plates.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate the risk of electric shock during operation TEB, improvement of conditions of heat exchange between the connection plates and the object of cooling, but also teplosbrosa system.

To achieve the above stated objectives TEB consisting of serially connected to an electrical circuit through the switching semiconductor thermoelements plates, each of which is formed by two branches made of a semiconductor, respectively p and n-type and p-type branches and the n-type contact end faces respectively with two opposed surfaces of the circuit plate. Switching plates also have a somewhat larger area than the cross sectional area of ​​the branches, so that they protrude beyond the surface of the structure formed by the branches of the thermoelectric battery. Thus the projecting parts of switching plates are coated with a layer of high thermal conductivity dielectric. The ratio of the areas of the protruding portions of even and odd switching plates determined from the relationship:

where S 2, S 1, 2 1, T 2, T 1 -, respectively, the area of heat transfer coefficients of the surfaces with their environment and the average temperature of the protruding portions of even and odd switching plates, the cp T - ambient temperature; - Refrigeration coefficient of the thermoelectric battery during its operation as a refrigerator or the energy conversion factor in the case of operation as a generator of electricity.

The design shown in Figures 1-2 FEB. TEB consists of series-connected into the circuit through switching plates 1 and 2 alternating branches respectively made of p-type semiconductor and n-3 type 4. Electrical connection branches is performed by contacting the p-type branch 3 - switching plate 1 or 2 - branch 4 n-type, wherein the p-type branch 3 is contacted to an end surface of one of the surfaces of the circuit plate, and the n-type branch 4 - to the opposite. Moreover, each branch in the TEB opposing end faces in contact with two switching plates 1 and 2 except for the current supply branches. Switching plates 1 and 2 have an area slightly larger than the cross sectional area of ​​the branch-and p-n-type 3 and 4, so that parts thereof protrude from the surface of the structure formed by the branches of TEB. In this part of odd switching plates 1 in favor of one surface of the structure and even part of the switching plates 2 - for another. Speakers of the switching plates are covered with a protective layer of high thermal insulator 5.

The surface structure formed TEB branches, covered with a layer of dielectric insulating material 6. At the extreme end surfaces of the branches that are respectively at the beginning and end of TEB, are current-supplying contact pad 7 (collector in the case of a thermoelectric generator mode TEB).

TEB IN CASE OF THE USE OF IT IN THE REFRIGERATOR OPERATION operates as follows:

When passing through the TEB constant electric current supplied from the power supply through contact pads 7, the switching between the plates 1 and 2, representing contacts branches p- and n-type 3 and 4, there is a temperature difference caused by the release and absorption of the Peltier heat. When an electrical current polarity indicated in Figure 1 is heated even switching the cooling plates 2 and odd 1. If the temperature of the heat sink due to the switching plate 2 is kept constant at a given value of the electric current, the temperature of the switching plates 1 drops to a certain value . For a given value of the electric current to reduce the temperature of switching plates will depend on the thermal load on them. Thermal load consists of heat leak from the environment and from two switching plates due to thermal conductivity forming TEB branches Joule heat but also the heat coming from the cooling object. 6 Insulation serves to reduce heat gain from the environment, and a protective layer high thermal insulator 5 - to eliminate the possibility of electric shock during operation FEB.

TEB in the case of thermoelectric it to mode operates as follows:

In the presence of a heat source, heating, for example, even switching plate 2, and a system of switching a heat dissipating plates 1, switching between the plates 1 and 2 is set a certain temperature difference. With such a difference in temperature between the connection plates 1 and 2 contact branches engaged p- and n-type 3 and 4, between the contact pads 7, a potential difference - the thermo-emf caused Seebeck effect.. With the closure of contact pads 7 to a specific electric load in the formed circuit, a constant electric current. The amount of electric current flowing through the circuit is dependent on the thermal emf., Which in turn depends on the coefficient of thermal emf. a thermoelectric material, the number of thermocouples in the TEB, the temperature difference between the connection plates 1 and 2 and the value of electrical load.

USED ​​BOOKS

1. BS Pozdnyakov, Koptelov EA Thermoelectric energy. M .: Atomizdat 1974.

CLAIM

Thermoelectric battery, consisting of successively connected into the circuit through switching semiconductor thermoelements plates, each of which is formed by two branches made of a semiconductor, respectively p and n-type, p-type branch and n-type contact end surfaces respectively with two opposed surfaces switching plates, switching plates have a somewhat larger area than the cross sectional area of ​​the branches, so that they protrude beyond the surface of the structure formed by the branches of the thermoelectric battery, the odd switching plate stand for one surface of the structure, and even the commutation plate - for the other, wherein that the projecting parts of the switching plates are covered with a protective layer of high thermal conductivity of the dielectric, the same ratio of area protrusions of even and odd switching the plates is determined by the relation

where S 2, S 1, 1 2, T 2, T 1, - respectively, the area of heat transfer coefficients of the surfaces with their environment and the average temperature of the protruding portions of even and odd switching plates, Wed T - ambient temperature; - Refrigeration coefficient of the thermoelectric battery during its operation as a refrigerator or the energy conversion factor in the case of operation as a generator of electricity.

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Publication date 12.02.2007gg