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DEVICES AND METHODS OF EXTRACTING COLORFUL AND NOBLE METALS
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2078616

STREAMING TECHNOLOGY LINE FOR PROCESSING METAL-CONTAINING MIXTURE OF ROCKS

STREAMING TECHNOLOGY LINE
FOR PROCESSING METAL-CONTAINING MIXTURE OF ROCKS

The name of the inventor: Mikhail Semonovich Dronov; Lukyanov Vladimir Isidorovich
The name of the patent holder: Dronov Mikhail Semenovich; Lukyanov Vladimir Isidorovich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1994.09.29

Usage: development and enrichment of minerals, mainly processing technology of rare and noble metals. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: a flow line comprises a device for disintegrating a raw material, made in the form of a hydrocracker with a hydromonitor, a conical hydrocracker, a device for trapping the concentrate particles, in the form of a gravity pulp conduit, an inclined pipeline with a discharge port installed at a predetermined distance from the inlet end , A magnetic separator for separating highly magnetic fractions in a liquid medium, a dewatering classifier, a drying apparatus, a magnetic separator for the dry recovery of weakly magnetic fractions, and a device for separating non-magnetic fractions, in the form of a ferrohydrostatic or electrodynamic separator. The flow line may also be provided with a purification class of the dewatering classifier containing a sump, an additional pump for pumping the pulp, a thickener made for example in the form of a hydrocyclone battery, a dewatering vibrating screen, and an additional built-in magnetic separator for the dry separation of weakly magnetic fractions associated with the vibrating screen itself Or through an integrated additional drying apparatus, and a device for separating non-magnetic fractions, also in the form of a ferrohydro-static or electrodynamic separator.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(EN) The invention relates to the development and enrichment of minerals, mainly to the technology of processing rare and noble metals contained in placer rocks of feedstock, for example gold, and in dumps of dressing plants.

A process line for processing gold-bearing placers with a large content of a useful component in small classes is known, including a cask for the disintegration of the raw material, belt spreader, locks, arc screens, hydrocyclops, jigging machines, and the transport system for the processed material and the recycling water system , Containing pumps for transfer of pulp and water supply, means of transport of the processed material and water lines [1]

The disadvantage of these production lines is the inability to capture both large and very small grains of gold, usually the grain composition of placer deposits consists mainly of grains ranging in size from 3 to 0.010 mm. Such a size is determined by the speed of the flow of mountain rivers, which carried and deposited suspended loose rocks and gold in the lower flat sections of river beds. Gold particles with a particle size of less than 0.150 mm are not completely captured by locks and are carried to the dump. Usually losses of these grains are from 20 to 80%. The use of sluices in combination with jigging machines slightly increases the extraction of gold, but at the same time complicates the technology both in terms of construction and operation.

In addition, such technological lines do not allow the removal of magnetic useful components of the mixture of alluvial rocks, which, on the one hand, pollutes the resulting finished product with the magnetic components of the mixture (magnetite, ilmenite, wolframite, iron, zircon, etc.), and on the other hand - leads to loss of magnetic components of the mixture of alluvial rocks.

The closest to the invention is the flow line of an iridredmet for the enrichment of gold-bearing clay sands, including a device for disintegrating the starting material, a device for separating the raw material by its size, a set of devices for trapping heavy mineral particles (concentrate), a device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate, Separation of the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, as well as concentrate accumulators, waste gangs with a hydrotreater, and a transport system for the pulp (recyclable material) and circulating water that contains pumps for transferring pulp and water, transport media for the processed material (sands) and water lines.

In the role of disintegrators, vibrating machines used in the iron ore industry are used, which simultaneously perform functions and devices for separating the initial material by size. The disintegrated pulp pump for pumping the pulp is fed to the hopper-settler, which allows most of the slag to be removed from the process. The main part of the sand (28%) is enriched on screw locks as the most productive apparatus for fine-grained material (up to 0.6 mm). For catching large (more than 2 mm) gold, jigging machines of the MOD-2P type are installed. Gateways in combination with jigging machines form a device for trapping the particles of the concentrate (particles of heavy minerals). In view of the large content of slag fraction (12 kg / t), the bulk of which is represented by oxides and iron hydroxides, a device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate-a magnetic separator for wet separation-is built into the line to refine the gravity concentrates. In the final stage of enrichment, as an apparatus for separating a non-magnetic fraction, one of the variants is a pneumatic concentration table or an amalgamator [2]

The main disadvantages of such processing lines for the processing of a metal-containing mixture of alluvial rocks are:

A low degree of extraction of non-magnetic components in the finished product due to losses of especially small grains of the latter (less than 0.1 mm), in particular at the locks;

Insufficient efficiency of complex use of raw materials due to significant losses of magnetic and especially weakly magnetic useful components of processed raw materials;

The impossibility of obtaining a monomineralized finished product at the outlet of the line due to the clogging of the latter with magnetic and, especially, weakly magnetic components of small classes;

Contamination of the environment, in particular mercury, when used for the clean-up operations of devices for amalgamation;

A significant complication of the hardware design of the production line and a rise in its cost price when using the means of pneumoseparation in the process of enrichment.

The invention is directed to the solution of the problem of increasing the efficiency of the process of enrichment of metal-containing mixtures of alluvial rocks, predominantly gold-containing mixtures containing, along with fine particles, a significant number of nuggets ranging in size from 3 to 25 mm. The solution of the problem of increasing the efficiency of the process of processing (enriching) the feedstock is ensured by the achievement of a technical result expressed in increasing the extraction of heavy minerals, mainly gold, from small classes (less than 0.1 mm) from placer deposits of the deposit and from dumps formed during the previous processing of the original Material at the processing plants. Besides:

Significantly reduces the degree of contamination of the finished product by fractions (especially small) of other components (especially weakly magnetic) contained in the initial material, and the complexity of the use of the starting material is enhanced by the extraction of other useful components (magnetic) from the gravitational concentrates obtained in the process of enrichment;

Excludes pollution of the environment, especially natural reservoirs in the mining area, for example gold, by excluding the use of toxic materials, for example mercury, in the enrichment processes and by compulsory purification of water after its use in the processing of feedstock, which makes it possible to solve the problem of the environmental safety of extractive Regions.

The achievement of such a technical result is ensured by the fact that a processing line for processing a metal-containing mixture of alluvial rocks, including a device for disintegrating the starting material, a device for separating the material by size, a device for trapping the concentrate particles from the pulp, devices for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate, The non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, and the concentrate accumulators, the hydropump and the waste rock warehouses, and the transport system for the processed material and the circulating water supply that connects them, containing the pumps for pumping the pulp and supplying water, the means of transport of the material to be processed and the water lines, is additionally installed between the device for separating the non-magnetic Concentrate fraction and forming a sequential dewatering chain by a classifier and an additional device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate, the device for trapping the concentrate particles is in the form of a gravity pulp conduit which is a pipeline with a slant to the horizontal plane with built-in bottom part at a given distance from the inlet end Piping with a discharge pipe connected by the pulp transport pipeline directly or through a metering device to a device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate, the device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate is designed as a magnetic separator for separating the strongly magnetic fraction whose output is connected to the inlet of a dewatering classifier connected through a drain pipe with And an additional device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate is connected by its input and output, respectively, with the output of the dewatering classifier and with the input of the device for extracting the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, and is made in the form of a magnetic separator to isolate the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate.

The task is also solved by the fact that:

The device for separating the material by its fineness is made in the form of a conical hydrocrack with a screen integrated into its discharge nozzle, connected by a super-grid zone of a hydro-grohot and a sub-screen zone of the screen, respectively, by pipelines for pulp transport with a sublattice and super-grid zone of a device for disintegrating the source material, and a sub- Capture of concentrate particles;

The device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate is made in the form of a ferrohydrostatic separator;

It is additionally equipped with a built-in between a dewatering classificator and a magnetic separator for separating the weakly magnetic fractions by a drying apparatus, the device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate is in the form of a ferrohydrostatic separator or an electrodynamic separator;

It is additionally equipped with a cleaning (recycling) section of the drainage products of the dewatering classifier connected to its drain pipe and made in the form of a technological chain from the successively installed and interconnected pipelines of the transport of the sump pulp, the pump for pumping the pulp, the thickener and the dewatering device connected with its discharge branch , The discharge nozzle of the overheating zone of the dewatering device is connected to the charging hopper of the drying apparatus or directly to the inlet of the magnetic separator for separating the weakly magnetic fractions, the thickening slurry and the dewatering means are connected to a circulating water supply system, and the sump is connected in the absence of the metering device 10 by a water conduit with a feed pump water;

It is additionally equipped with a cleaning section for the drainage products of the dewatering classifier connected to its drain pipe and made in the form of a technological chain from successively installed and interconnected pulp and processing material, a pump for pumping the pulp, a thickener connected to its discharge nozzle of a dewatering device , An additional magnetic separator for separating the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate and an additional device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, the drains of the thickener and the dewatering device being connected to a circulating water supply system, and the sump is connected by a water conduit to a water supply pump, in the absence of a dispensing device 10 in the line.

An additional device for separating the non-magnetic fraction is made in the form of a ferrohydrostatic separator, the discharge port of the dewatering device being connected directly to the input of an additional magnetic separator for separating the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate or via an additional built-in dryer;

An additional device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate is made in the form of an electrodynamic separator, the discharge port of the dewatering device being connected to the input of an additional magnetic separator for separating the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate through an additional built-in dryer;

The pipeline of the gravity pulp feeder is made with placed on its inner surface at least on its lower half along the entire length of its section from the inlet end of the pipeline to the place of installation of its unloading pipe or at least on its part adjacent to the discharge pipe site cut along the pipeline by grooves ;

A thin-layer thickener and associated slurry tank are built in the recycling water supply system;

The concentrate accumulator is made in the form of replaceable storage tanks.

A comparative analysis of the claimed technical solution with the prototype [2] shows that the proposed production line for processing the metal-containing mixture of alluvial rocks differs from it in the set of essential features presented in the distinctive parts of the claims. Thus, the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty".

Comparative analysis of the proposed solution not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions [1] in this field of technology did not allow to identify in them the features that differentiate this technical solution from the prototype, which allows to conclude its compliance with the criterion "inventive level".

STREAMING TECHNOLOGY LINE FOR PROCESSING METAL-CONTAINING MIXTURE OF ROCKS

In Fig. 1. A schematic diagram of a flow technological line for processing a metal-containing mixture of alluvial rocks is presented.

In Fig. 2 - an embodiment of the schematic diagram of the production line with the section for cleaning the draining products of the dehydrating classifier.

In Fig. 3. variant of the execution of the enrichment section of the production line with an independent section for cleaning the drainage products, having their own devices for separating the magnetic and non-magnetic fraction of the concentrator; In Fig. 4. The cross-section of the gravity pulp conduit at the site before the unloading pipe; In Fig. 5. an embodiment of the final section of the production line.

The process line for processing the metal-containing mixture of alluvial rocks is a device for disintegrating the starting material, which is installed in accordance with the processing scheme of the processing process, which can be made in the form of a hydrocracker 1 with a hydromonitor 2 or a butyr (not shown), a device for separating and separating Nuggets of gold, which is made in the form of a conical hydro-rocket 3, a discharge screen 4 of which has a built-in screen 5 for cleaning the waste rock removed from the hydrograchter 3 from a small (less than 3 mm) product that may contain a certain amount, for example gold; A device for trapping particles of heavy minerals in the concentrate, made in the form of a gravity pulp conduit, installed with a slope to the horizontal plane (toward the device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate) of the pipeline 6, in the lower part of which, at a predetermined distance from the conical hydro- Built-in discharge branch pipe 7 with controlled shutter 8 at the end; A device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate, made in the form of a magnetic separator 9 for separating in the process of wet magnetic separation the highly magnetic fractions contained in the concentrate, which through the dosing device (a and mixing) 10 with the control valve 11 at the outlet or directly connected to a discharge Branch pipe 7 of the gravity pulp feeder; A dewatering classifier 12 connected by its input to the output of a magnetic separator 9 for separating highly magnetic fractions, and a drain fitting 13, respectively, to the hydrotrain 14; A device (additional) for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate installed at the outlet of the dewatering classifier 12 and configured as a magnetic separator 15 for separating the weakly magnetic fractions contained in the hydraulic concentrate; A device 16 for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate connected by its input to the output of the magnetic separator 15, for example by means of a belt conveyor 17, and made in the form of a ferrohydrostatic separator (not shown), in practice an apparatus comprising a separator proper with a working chamber in which A separating layer of a magnetic fluid, for example a colloidal solution of magnetite in kerosene, immersed in water, a dewatering elevator, a vibrating screen for washing off the separation products and a pump for returning wash water (not shown) or as an electrodynamic separator 18 (a separator using induced electrodes in separable electrodes External alternating magnetic field, vichy currents); And the concentrate accumulator, which can be made in the form of replaceable storage tanks 19. The composition of the production line includes also warehouses 20, 21 and 22, an empty rock coming from the device for disintegration of the initial material (hydrostrake 1), from the superficial zone of the conical hydro-groove 3 through an unloading pipe 4 and from a device for separating a non-magnetic fraction of concentrate 16 (a ferrohydrostatic or electrodynamic separator); A pulp transfer pump 23 or a hydro-elevator (not shown) with the pulp transport lines 24, respectively, from the pump for transferring the pulp 23 to the supercritical zone of the hydrogromot 3, 25 from the sub-screen zone of the screen 5 of the hydrogromot 3 into the superfine zone of the hydrocracker 1, 26 from the magnetic separator 9 for separation Strongly magnetic fractions of the concentrate in the dewatering classifier 12, 27 (in the figure it is represented by a dotted line) from the dewatering classifier 12 with a magnetic separator 15 for separating the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate and 28 for draining the waste water from the hydropump 14 to the reservoir 29. To supply water (working fluid) Is connected by a conduit 30 to a pump for supplying water 31 through a control valve 32, the water supply pump 31 being connected and by a conduit 33 via a controlled valve 34 to a dispensing device 10. Depending on the requirements for the concentrate fed to the separation (moisture requirements of the separated material ), A dryer 35 can be built into the production line between the dewatering classifier 12 and the magnetic separator 15 to isolate the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate, reducing the moisture content of the concentrate from 12-18% (after the dewatering classifier) ​​to 1-6% after the drying apparatus 35, which is connected Their input and output, respectively, with the output of the dewatering classifier 12 and the inlet of the magnetic separator 15. The installation of the drying apparatus 35 is particularly necessary when using as the device 16 to separate the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate of the electrodynamic separator 18, which impose stringent requirements on the material to be separated in terms of moisture. In order to exclude the loss of the useful component (gold) in small classes with the discharge of the dewatering classifier 12 (0.1 mm in size), the production line can be additionally equipped with a purification section of the drainage products of the dewatering classifier 12 connected to the drain fitting 13 of the dewatering classifier 12 and executed in the form of a technological A chain of successively mounted sump 36 that is connected by its input to the pulp transport line 37 to the drain fitting 13 of the dewatering classifier 12 and, in the absence of the metering device 10, by a water pipe 38 with a controlled valve 39 with a water supply pump 31; A pump 40 for transferring the pulp connected by the pulp transport lines 41 and 42, respectively, to the output of the sump 36 and the thickener 43 integrated in the cleaning station of the discharge products, the drainage of which is connected to the dump 14, and the dewatering device 44, which is drained and connected to the hydraulic dam 14, In the discharge port on the sand which is connected to the output of the thickener 43 and to the hopper-inlet of the drying apparatus 35, or (in the absence of a drying apparatus 35), directly to the input of the magnetic separator 15 to isolate the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate. The draining section of the dewatering flow line classifier 12 can be completely self-contained and equipped with an additional magnetic separator 45 whose input is connected to the outlet-discharge port of the dewatering device 44 directly or via the in-line drying dryer 46 and an additional device 47 for separating the non-magnetic Concentrate fraction associated with the output of the additional magnetic separator 45 and made in the form of a ferrohydrostatic separator (shown in the drawing) or in the form of an electrodynamic separator (not shown) similar to the device 16 for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate. In the case of using as an additional device 47 for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate φ / hydrostatic separator, an additional magnetic separator 45 for separating the weakly magnetic concentrate fraction can be connected by its inlet directly to the outlet / discharge port of the dewatering device 44 (the dashed line, ). The output of the additional device 47 for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate from the gangue is connected to the waste gangue 49, and the concentrate accumulator installed at the outlet of this device for the useful component (gold), and can be made in the form of a replaceable storage tank 19. The recycling water system of the production line A thin layer thickener 50 with a slurry collector 51 can be built in the discharge line into the water basin 29 from the hydropump 14 (main line 28) to purify the waste water from the smallest particles of the processed material. To increase the efficiency of trapping the concentrate particles, especially small and finest fractions Up to 0.005 mm) in the pipeline of the gravity pulp feeder on its inner surface at least in its lower part along its entire length from the inlet end of the pipeline 6 to the installation site of its unloading pipe 7 or at least on its part adjacent to The installation location of the discharge branch pipe 7, the grooves 52 can be cut along the pipe 6, which provide a laminar flow of the pulp in the wall layer.

In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of separation of the processed material (concentrate) by reducing the influence of the size of the separated material during the separation process, the production line can be further provided with a device 53 for classifying the material into at least two fractions of the size set between the magnetic separator 15 for separation A weak magnetic fraction and a main device 16 for separating the non-magnetic fraction, and at least one other device 54 for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, both in the form of a ferrohydrostatic or electrodynamic separator, the input of the material classification device 53 being connected to the output of the magnetic separator 15 , And the outputs (at least the super-grid and sub-grid zones), respectively, with the inputs of the main device 16 and the second device 54 for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate. The output of this additional device 54 is through an empty rock and is connected to the waste rock storage facility 22, and the yield on the useful component is with the storage container 19, the same as for the device 16 or separate.

For the embodiment of the production line shown in FIG. 3, instead of the second input parallel to the main device in its role, an additional device 47 for separating the non-magnetic concentrate fraction integrated in the cleaning section of the drainage products of the dewatering classifier 12 can be used, the input of which in this case must be Is associated with the outlet (sub-grid zone) of the device 53 for the classification of the material by size.

Constructive parameters of the gravity pulp conduit, namely, the length of the latter from the inlet end to the installation site of the discharge branch pipe 7 and the diameter of the discharge branch pipe 7 are determined on the basis of the expression established experimentally and by calculation.

The length "L", as well as the average velocity of the pulp in the pipeline, is calculated proceeding from the condition of complete concentration of gold-bearing particles in the bottom part of the pulp flow, i.e. Based on the deposition of the smallest gold particles (up to 0.005 mm in size) to the bottom of the pulpwood in the process of uniform pulp motion, for example, with a velocity of about V = 2.5 m / s and a slope of about 5-8 ° , and is determined from the expression:



L The required length of the pulpwood length up to the location of the unloading pipe 7 (minimum), m;

V rate of pulp flow in pulpwood, m / s;

D n the diameter of the pulpwood (m), for example, is 0.2 m;

U 0.018 the free fall speed of a particle of gold of about 0.005 mm (equal to the free fall velocity of particles of an empty rock with a diameter of 18 μm or 0.018 mm.) Was determined empirically and equal to 0.0002 m / s;

K 1 coefficient that takes into account the acceleration of the particle's fall in the regime of intensive mixing of the flow during pulp motion is:



D 2 the minimum diameter of the particle that should precipitate, mm;

K 2 coefficient, taking into account the cramped conditions for the deposition of particles of an empty rock with a diameter of 0.018 mm and gold of 0.005 mm in the bottom layer of pulp (with a pulp concentration of 30% equal to 0.1).

Taking into account the twofold margin for the instability of the operating regime, the difficulty of falling out of particles in the head part of the pulpwood, etc. Take the length of the pulpwood to the discharge pipe 7 for this case is equal to 40 m.

The diameter of the discharge branch pipe 7 should be chosen from the calculation of the bottom concentrate cutoff, whose flow rate at the pulpwood flow rate is approximately Q 300 m 3 / h. Is approximately 2% i.e. 6 m 3 / h, with a velocity close to the bottom flow rate of the pulp, about v In = 1.75 m / s.

The diameter of the discharge pipe 7 of the pulpwood is determined from the expression:



Where d is the pat. Diameter of the nozzle, mm;

Q n consumption of bottom concentrate, m 3 / h.

For this case, the diameter of the nozzle is approximately 50 mm.

The proposed flow technological line operates as follows.

A gold-bearing sand-and-shingle mixture of fineness (0-230 mm), containing impurities of other heavy minerals such as iron, magnetite, wolframite, ilmenite, iron oxides and hydroxides, etc., and lead, tin, copper, etc. are developed by bulldozers And is fed to the hydrostrake 1 where, under the action of the water jet of the hydraulic monitor 2, it disintegrates and large inclusions (more than 25 mm), which are an empty rock, which is sent to the waste stockpile of the dump 20, are separated at the same time. The feed of the hydromonitor 2 is carried out from the reservoir 29 by means of a pump For the supply of water 31 (flow approx. 300 m 3 / h) through a conduit 30 with a controlled fan 32. The lower product from the hydrocracker 1 with a fineness (25 mm or less), together with water, comes from the sub-grid zone of the hydrostroke 1 into a storage tank (not indicated ), From which, by means of a dredger-pump for transferring pulp 23 through the lines 24 for transporting pulp, enters the superficial zone of conical hydro-powder 3. In the conical hydrograph 3, gold nuggets become trapped on the grids of hydro-grohot and discharges of grit (more than 2.8 Mm), which is removed from the superficial zone of the conical hydro-rocket 3 into the waste rock storage 21, while the nuggets of gold that are stuck in the special depressions of the quick-detachable grates of the conical hydro-rocket 3 are extracted from there at the planned stops of the production line and separated from other large pieces of other heavy minerals, for example, Manually, the empty rock before the entry to the storage 21 through the discharge nozzle 4 of the hydro-shot 3 is cleaned of fine particles on the screen 5 of the fine sand separator, with water and a small product (less than 2.8 mm) that may contain some gold, and Other heavy minerals, is sent by gravity from the sub-grid zone of the screen 5 of the hydro-shot 3 along the main 25 of the pulp transport to the hydrostrake 1 (its super-slit zone), which eliminates the loss of gold, and, indeed, of other heavy minerals. The sub-latent product of conical hydro-grohot 3 (efel of less than 2.6 mm in size, particles of other heavy minerals less than 2.8 mm in size and particles of gritty quartz sand, for example, of 10 mm or less) is gravity fed to the gravity pulp feed line 6, for example, 40 M and a diameter of 200 mm with a working gradient of 6-9 degrees. The average velocity of the pulp flow in the pulpwood 6 and the length of its straightened section (up to the installation site of the discharge branch pipe 7) are calculated proceeding from the condition of complete concentration of gold-bearing particles in the bottom part of the stream, which is then withdrawn from the pulp-line 6 through the discharge branch 7 for removing the gravitational (gold-bearing) concentrate . The empty rock passes through the entire pulpwood 6 (fineness less than 0.018 mm) and together with a part of the heavy minerals (the particle size depends on the density of the minerals) with the discharge goes to the hydrotail 14, and with them goes to the hydrotail and part of the gold-bearing concentrate 0.005 mm). Gravitational concentrate selected from pulpwood containing, together with other heavy minerals, gold particles of fineness (from 0.005 to 2.8 mm) and empty rock size (from 0.018 to 10 mm) through a discharge branch pipe 7 equipped with a regulating outlet of the concentrate supplied from pulp feed 6 with a control valve 8 (regulator) enters the dispensing device 10, the dosing functions of which can be combined with the functions of mixing and disintegration by inserting it, for example a blade mixer, in this case, in order to provide the conditions for the preparation of a homogeneous slurry to the dispensing device 10 by the water supply pump 31 through a controlled The valve 34 and the water main 33 are supplied in the required amount of water. From the dispensing device 10, a rough concentrate that has undergone an additional disintegration stage by rubbing and is freed from clay and other coating formations (if there is an impeller in the dispenser 10) is fed through the valve 11 to the inlet of the device 9 for separating the magnetic fractions of the concentrate-magnetic separator to isolate the highly magnetic fractions , In which in the process of wet magnetic separation in the field of permanent magnets with a magnitude of magnetic induction, for example of the order of 0.14-0.20 T, the extraction of impurities from highly magnetic components of heavy minerals such as iron, magnesite, titanomagnesite etc. takes place from the concentrate and the tap For example, into a storage tank (not shown) for collection and subsequent processing. It is possible to build a production line in which the gravity concentrate taken from the pulpwood enters the magnetic separator 9 to extract the highly magnetic fractions of the concentrate directly from the discharge pipe 7 through the controlled shutter valve 8. The previous stage of wet magnetic separation in the magnetic separator 9 is concentrated with the help of the transport line 26 Pulp is fed to the inlet of the dewatering classifier 12, which provides separation of the heavy part of the concentrate (for example, a particle size of more than 0.100 mm) and a decrease in the moisture content of the concentrate to 12-18%. The sludge of size (0.1 mm or less) is taken from the dewatering classifier 12 through its drainage branch 13 To the hydrotrain 14, from where the waste water through the main line 28 of the discharge line of the waste water is discharged to the basin 29 of the circulating water supply system for reuse during the processing. From the dewatering dewatering classifier 12, the sand portion of the gravity concentrate through line 27 (represented by dotted lines in the figure) is fed to the input of an additional device 15 for separating the magnetic fraction of the magnetic separator concentrate to isolate the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate, such as ilmenite, wolframite, iron oxides and hydroxides,

In this separator, extraction takes place in the process of dry magnetic separation in a high-gradient electromagnetic separator with a magnetic induction in the working zone of the order of 1.65 T, of medium- and weakly magnetic components of heavy minerals from the concentrate and withdrawal from, for example, to a storage tank (not shown) for Collection and further use for its intended purpose. If necessary, when more stringent humidity requirements (1-6% moisture) are imposed on the processed material (concentrate) during the dry separation, it can be built into the production line between the dewatering classifier 12 and the magnetic separator 15 to isolate the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate of the drying apparatus 35, the entrance of which is connected with the exit along the sand part of the dewatering classifier. This dryer provides the desired temperature regime of drying, for example, heating to 150-170 ° C, of ​​the concentrate before entering the magnetic separation in the magnetic separator 15. From the output of the magnetic separator 15, the concentrate freed from the magnetic impurities of other heavy minerals is supplied by means of transport For example a belt conveyor 17, to the inlet of the device 16 for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, which may be in the form of either a ferrohydrostatic separator or an electrodynamic separator 18, respectively, either in a magnetic fluid medium using the pseudo-gravity effect of ferromagnetic fluids or Using the eddy current guidance effect by an external variable magnetic field in the electrically conductive particles of the material being processed (with the appropriate selected modes: the velocity of the separated material moving through the working zone, the magnitude of the external magnetic field strength in different sections of the working zone, the rheological properties of the magnetic fluid, etc.). In the separation device 16/18, the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate in this production line separates the useful component of gold from the waste rock and the non-magnetic impurities of other heavy minerals, for example, tin, lead, copper, etc., which in this case, together with the waste rock, Of the rock 22, or, if necessary, selecting the appropriate type of ferrogidrostatic or electrodynamic separator as the device 16, in addition to isolating the main useful component of gold, other useful components of non-magnetic impurities of heavy minerals are simultaneously discharged at the output of the device 16 to extract the non-magnetic fraction And enter storage tanks made in the form of replaceable storage tanks 19 for collection and subsequent processing. The gold-containing concentrate obtained at the outlet of the device 16 for separating the non-magnetic fraction (in storage tanks 19) from this production line goes for further purification to the refining plant. In the case of a large spread of the components entering the concentrate (for example, gold), a device 53 for the classification of the material into at least two fractions can be built into the production line of the device (optional) 15 to separate the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, and Parallel to the main device 16 for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, at least one further device 54 for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, and made in the form of a ferrohydrostatic or electrodynamic separator, the outputs of the size classification device 53 depending on the size of the separated fractions, respectively, A device 16 and an additional device 54 for extracting a non-magnetic fraction. With this embodiment of the production line of the magnetic separator 15 obtained at the outlet, the concentrate is fed to a size classification device 53, where it is divided into at least two fractions, after which each fraction enters its device 16 or 54 to isolate the non-magnetic fraction in which With greater accuracy and efficiency, gold and other non-magnetic components are released.

In the case of supplying the production line with a portion of the dewatering product of the dewatering classifier 12, sludges of a size (0.1 mm or less) from the discharge pipe 13 of the dewatering classifier 12 are transported to the sump 36 of the pulp transport line, from which a pulp transfer pump 40 is fed to the thickener 43 Along the lines 41 and 42 for pulp transport in which the thickened sludge freed from clay inclusions is discharged through its discharge branch into the dewatering facility 44 and drained into the hydropump 14. The sludge from the dewatering facility 44 dehydrated to a humidity of 12-18% is supplied together with The main part of the concentrate coming from the dewatering classifier 12 falls on the input of an additional device 15 for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate (via line 27) or in the presence of a drying device in the production line of the drying device 35 and then passes, as already mentioned above, The entire processing chain of processing: dryer 35 magnetic separator 15 device 16 for separating the non-magnetic fraction storage tank 19 or drying device 35 magnetic separator 15 device 53 for size classification of the device 16 or 54 for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate storage tanks 19. Draining the dewatering device 44 And is discharged to the hydropump 14. The presence of a drying device 35 in the process chain is mandatory in the case of using an electrodynamic separator as devices for separating the non-magnetic fraction (16 and / or 54). In order to improve the conditions for magnetic separation, in the device 15 for separating the magnetic fraction in the processing line, it is possible to cool the concentrate heated in the drying apparatus 35 (naturally, during its transportation from the dryer to the magnetic separator 15, or forced by the line in this section of the refrigerator To 60-80 ° C) (not shown).

In order to increase the efficiency of extracting the useful component (gold), especially in small classes (less than 0.1 mm) and increasing the yield of the useful component by eliminating the losses of small classes, the purging section of the dewatering classifier 12 can be equipped with an autonomous dryer 46, a magnetic separator 45 for separating the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate and the device 47 for isolating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, and in such an execution of the purging portion of the discharge products, the slurry from the dewatering facility 44 is supplied either directly to the input of the magnetic separator 46 by means of a line 48 (indicated by dashed lines) to isolate the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate, or Through the dryer 46, which is important in the case of the device 47 for isolating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate as an electrodynamic separator (FIG. 3 shows the device 47 for separating the non-magnetic fraction, made in the form of a ferrohydro-static separator). From the outlet of the magnetic separator 45, the concentrate freed from the magnetic impurities of the heavy minerals enters the input of the device 47 to isolate the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate in which, as in device 16, the useful component (gold) and other non-magnetic components contained in the concentrate or in Conditions of ferrohydrostatic separation, or under conditions of electrodynamic separation, the waste rock being diverted to devices 47 for extracting the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate into the waste rock storage 49, the useful component (gold) into the storage tank 19, and other non-magnetic components into similar storage vessels (not shown). Various variants of the use of the devices 16, 47 and 54 in the production line for the separation of the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate are possible: all devices of the same type (ferrohydrostatic or electrodynamic separators) or combinations thereof, for devices designed to separate small classes, for example, Of the drainage products of a dewatering classifier 12, preferably ferrohydrostatic separators.

When installed in the production line (in the line of discharge of waste water into the water basin 29 of the circulating water supply system (thin layer thickener 50 with a sludge collector 51, the waste water passes through them, the thickened sludge is collected in the scoop 51, and the purified water is diverted to the reservoir for reuse in the process, Not polluting especially natural water bodies and ground waters by products of processing in regions of gold mining.

When implementing the proposed technical solutions in practice, in the technological regulations for the design of an industrial processing line for the processing of gold-containing mixtures of placer rocks with a capacity of, for example, 50 m 3 / h, for a solid (starting material) or 300 m 3 / h, pulp can be included The following apparatuses, which constitute the basic equipment of the conceptual scheme of the declared production line:

  • As a device for disintegration, a hydraulic shaker with a hydraulic monitor, into which water is supplied by the pump in an amount of 300 m 3 / h;
  • As a device for separating the fineness of the material, a conical hydro-groove of the mod. ECGG-1000, the throughput of which satisfies the required value of the flow rate of the slurry of 300 m 3 , and which is also capable of performing the functions of a nugget of gold nuggets ranging in size from 2.8 to 25 mm);
  • As a gravity pulp conduit, a pipeline with a diameter of 0.2 m with a diameter of a discharge pipe of 50 mm and a length of a rectified section of 40 m, capable of trapping gold particles from 2.8 to 0.005 mm;
  • As a metering device, for example, a vat of a suitable container with a stirrer (blade);
  • As a magnetic separator for the separation of highly magnetic fractions of the concentrate, for example a magnetic drum separator mod. PBM 90/250, with a magnetic field induction value of 0.16 T;
  • As a dewatering classifier, an ordinary spiral classifier with a maximum discharge size of 0.1 mm;
  • As a basic dryer, a typical rotary rotary direct-flow dryer with inlet fuel supply, which provides heating of the material to 150-170 ° C, and dehydration of the concentrate to a humidity of 1-6%
  • As a magnetic separator for the separation of weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate, electromagnetic roll mode separators. 2EVS-36/100 with a magnetic induction value of 1.65 T (several separators installed in parallel);
  • As devices for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, both basic and additional, ferrohydrostatic or electrodynamic separators of separator type TsNIIOLOVO and Dnepropetrovsk Mining Institute, for example, as. USSR N 956012 from 1980
  • As a thickener battery hydrocyclones;
  • As a dewatering device and an adaptation for the classification of the particle size of the concentrate, selected from the grid cells of the vibrating screen;
  • As an additional drying apparatus, for example a three-phase induction heating plant of industrial frequency with a phase-by-phase regulation of the current in the inductors;
  • As a thin-layer thickener, for example a thin-layer thickener of the mod. TCM-10.

The proposed production line for the processing of gold-containing mixture of alluvial rocks makes it possible to increase the extraction of gold to 90-99% by reducing the losses of the smallest classes (less than 20 μm), to solve the problem of ecological safety of gold mining processes through the implementation of the bezamalgamation process of enriching gold-bearing raw materials, Substances, for example mercury, but also by minimizing the pollution of water bodies with waste from the processing of raw materials. In addition, it allows to solve the problem of processing the metal-containing mixture in a complex way by extracting not only gold but also other heavy minerals in the process of processing.

This production line is suitable for extracting not only gold, but also other heavy minerals, provided that the modes and parameters of the equipment used are selected without changing the flow diagram concept.

Based on the above analysis, it can be concluded that the proposed technical solution satisfies the criterion of "industrial applicability".

CLAIM

1. A process line for processing a metal-containing mixture of alluvial rocks, comprising a device for disintegrating the starting material, a device for separating the material by size, a device for trapping the concentrate particles, a device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate, a device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, , Hydro waste, waste rock warehouses, and a transport system for recyclable material and circulating water supply that connects them, comprising pumps for transferring pulp and water supply, transport means for the material being processed, and water conduits, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a concentrate between the device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate and the device For separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate and forming a sequential technological chain with a dewatering classifier and an additional device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate, the device for trapping the concentrate particles is in the form of a gravity pulp conduit, which is a pipeline with a slope to the horizontal plane with a built-in lower part at a predetermined distance From the inlet end of the pipeline by a discharge pipe connected by the pulp transport pipeline directly or via a metering device to the device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate, the device for separating the magnetic fraction of the concentrate is designed as a magnetic separator for separating the strongly magnetic fraction whose output is connected to the inlet of a dehydrating classifier, A drain pipe with a hydrotube, and an additional device for extracting the magnetic fraction of the concentrate is connected by its input and output, respectively, with the output of the dewatering classifier and with the input of the device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate and is made in the form of a magnetic separator to isolate the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate.

2. A line according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for separating the material in fineness is made in the form of a conical hydro-shot with a screen integrated into its discharge nozzle, connected by a super-grid zone of hydro-shot and a sub-screen zone of the screen, respectively, by pipelines of pulp transport with the sub-grid and super- Disintegration of the starting material, and the sub-surface zone with the inlet of the device for trapping the concentrate particles.

3. Line according to. 1 and 2, characterized in that the device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate is made in the form of a ferrohydrostatic separator.

4. Line according to. 1 and 2, characterized in that it is further provided with a built-in between a dewatering classificator and a magnetic separator for separating the weakly magnetic fractions by a drying apparatus, the device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate being in the form of a ferrogidrostatic or electrodynamic separator.

5. Line according to. 1 4, characterized in that it is additionally provided with a cleaning section of the drainage classifier drainage products connected to its drain pipe and made in the form of a technological chain from successively installed and interconnected pipelines of the transport of sludge pulp, a pump for pumping the pulp, a thickener and associated with it The discharge port of the dewatering device being connected to the drier feed hopper or directly to the inlet of the magnetic separator for separating the weakly magnetic fractions, the thickener of the thickener and the dewatering device being connected to a circulating water supply system.

6. Line according to. 1 4, characterized in that it is additionally provided with a cleaning section for the drainage products of the dewatering classifier connected to its drain pipe and made in the form of a technological chain of successively installed and interconnected pulp and processed material of a sump, a pump for pumping the pulp, a thickener, Connected with its discharge nozzle of the dewatering device, an additional magnetic separator for separating the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate and an additional device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, the drains of the thickener and the dewatering device being connected to a circulating water supply system.

7. A line according to claim 6, characterized in that the additional device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate is made in the form of a ferrohydrostatic separator, the discharge fitting of the dewatering device being connected directly to the inlet of the additional separator for separating the weakly magnetic concentrate fractions or via an additional built-in dryer.

8. A line according to claim 6, characterized in that the additional device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate is made in the form of an electrodynamic separator, the discharge port of the dewatering device being connected to the input of an additional magnetic separator for separating the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate via an additional built-in dryer.

9. A line according to claim 1, characterized in that the gravity conduit is constructed with its conduits placed on its inner surface, at least on its lower half, along the entire length of its section from the inlet end of the pipeline to the place of installation of its discharge pipe or at least On its part adjacent to the installation site of the discharge branch, cut along the pipeline by grooves.

10. A line according to claim 1, characterized in that a thin-layer thickener and associated slurry tank are built into the recycling water supply system.

11. A line according to claim 1, characterized in that the concentrators are in the form of replaceable storage containers.

12. A line according to claims 1-5, characterized in that it is provided with a device for classifying the material into at least two fractions of a size, set between a magnetic separator for separating weakly magnetic fractions and a device for extracting the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, and at least At least one device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, in the form of a ferrohydrostatic or electrodynamic separator, the outputs of the material classification device being associated respectively with the inputs of the main and additional devices for extracting the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate.

13. A line according to claims 6-8, characterized in that it is provided with a device for classifying the material into two fractions of a size set between a magnetic separator to isolate the weakly magnetic fractions of the concentrate and a device for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate, and bound by its outlets along the coarse and shallow Fractions, respectively, with the inputs of the main and additional devices for separating the non-magnetic fraction of the concentrate.

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Date of publication 15.03.2007гг