section Home
Production, Amateur
Radio amateur
Model aircraft, rocket-
Useful, entertaining 		Stealth master
Electronics
Physics
Technologies
invention 		space Mystery
Earth Mysteries
Secrets of the Ocean
Stealth
section Map
Start
Forum
Use of material is permitted for reference (for websites - hyperlinks)
INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2078118

Multifunctional additives to hydrocarbon fuels for internal combustion engines and fuel compositions containing it

Multifunctional additives to hydrocarbon fuels for internal combustion engines and fuel compositions containing it

Name of the inventor: Rebrov IY
The name of the patentee: Closed Joint Stock Company "Remo"
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1995.02.20

Multifunctional additive for hydrocarbon fuels for internal combustion engines comprising the reaction product of aliphatic amine C 10 -C 40 or aromatic C 6 -C 8 amine, an ethoxylated alkyl (C 8 -C 9) -phenol having 4 - 12 oxyethyl groups, oxidized hydrocarbons monobasic or c 10 -C 22 fatty acids or c 4 -C 20 dicarboxylic acid or a mixture of the reaction products of 0.5 - 10, aromatic amines 7 - 94, shielded phenols or bisphenols 0.1 - 2 0.1 aminophenols - 2, to 100% oxygenates. The additive may contain as oksidifenilmin 4-aminophenols; 2, 4, 6 tri (dialkylaminomethyl) alkyl wherein C 1 -C 4; ionol condensation products with amines, and as proposed oxygenates methyl tert-butyl ether, mixtures thereof with isobutyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, oil or X dioxane alcohols. A fuel composition comprising a hydrocarbon fuel and 1 - 20% additives.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to compositions synergistic combination of organic compounds, additive compositions to motor gasoline to improve their octane, detergent, antioxidant, anti-wear, anti-static and protective properties; thermal and fuel colloidal stability, and to fuel compositions containing this additive.

Antiknock additives are numerous organic compounds containing lead, iron, manganese, rare earth elements. These antidetonators form deposits in the engine corresponding metals and their oxides and increases engine wear.

As antiknock combustion regulators are known and benzene homologues C 7 -C 8 (toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene), and a low molecular weight aromatic amines (methylaniline, toluidine, xylidine, etc.).

Thus Ekstralin used additive containing aniline (6 wt.), Dimethylaniline (4.5 wt.), And the balance to 100% methylaniline 6.02.571-90 TU.

Known additives and compositions containing low molecular weight aromatic amines and additives such as antioxidant additive ionol ADA (TU 38-401-58-61-93).

The disadvantages of such additives are Ekstralin ADA and their introducing into gasoline is not more than 1.3% 1 (then there is a strong abrupt increase in the engine carbonization) and the fact that these additives do not have a detergent, antioxidant, antiwear, anti-static, water retention and protective properties.

As the high-octane components of gasoline oxygenates are known: methyl or ethyl alcohol in a mixture with polyols; methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) and a mixture of 60% 80 40 MTBE 20% isobutyl alcohol feterol product.

Oxygenates disadvantages are:

  • necessary to add them to gasoline in large quantities: for raising the octane number (O.Ch.) 6 8 points 15-25 wt.
  • low hydrolytic stability and high moisture-absorbing ability to oxygenate, leading to severe electrochemical corrosion of container and the engine;
  • lower than that of gasoline, reduction of the calorific value and therefore the length on one filling path.

Synergistic compositions antiknock type aromatic amines, surfactants and other oxygenates; detergent, antioxidant, anti-wear and protective (corrosion inhibitors) are unknown additives.

The object of the invention is to increase the anti-knock properties (RON) of gasoline, increasing their detergent and protective properties, and improving their thermal oxidative, chemical and colloidal stability over a wide temperature range by creating a synergistic surfactant composition - multifunctional additives for gasoline Remoin-DB, DB and Remoin -Fet.

The problem is solved in that the additive contains, by weight.

  • The low molecular weight aromatic amine is C 6 -C 8 July 94
  • Shielded phenol or bisphenol 0.1 2

Amine reaction product of an aliphatic C 10 -C 40 amine or aromatic C 6 -C 8 alkyl-ethoxylated alkyl phenol, C 8 -C 9 and Apr. 12 oxyethylene groups; or with oxidized hydrocarbons with monobasic fatty acids C 10 -C 22 dibasic acids or C 4 -C 20 or a mixture of the reaction products of 0.5 10

  • Aminophenols 0.1 2
  • Oxygenates 100

A fuel composition for internal combustion engines according to the invention comprises 1 20 wt. above additive and gasoline, natural gasoline (condensation) with a mixture of gasoline or aromatic compounds or oxygenates.

As a low-molecular aromatic amine (A) C 6 -C 8 proposed:

  • A-1 Technical specifications Ekstralin monomethylaniline 6.02-571-90 of up to 6 wt. aniline, and 4.5 wt. dimethylaniline, and the balance to 100% - methylaniline;
  • A-2 Product ADA TU 38.401-58-61-93 aniline containing 1.5 1.7% 0.3 0.5% dimethylaniline additives Agidol-12 0.1-0.2% monomethylaniline else;
  • A-3 Xylidine;
  • A 4-xylidine The product mixture samin (50%) of diethyl (25%) and triethylamine (25%).

Low molecular weight amines are produced as commodity products JSC "Volzhsky Orgsintez", JSC "Synthesis", Dzerzhinsk, Berezniki Him.zavod and others. Plants.

As shielded phenol or bisphenol proposed:

  • F1 Ionol GOST 10894-76, 2,6-ditretbutil 4 butylphenol, other names DBC, Agidol-1;
  • F-2 2-Agidol TU38.101.617-80, 2,2'-methylene-bis (4-methyl tretbutilfenol 6), also known as NY-2246.

As the reaction products (MF) aliphatic amine C 10 -C 40 amine or aromatic C 6 -C 8; ethoxylated alkyl phenol with a C 8 -C 9 alkyl and April 12 oxyethylene groups; or with oxidized hydrocarbons with monobasic fatty acids C 10 -C 22 dibasic acids or C 4 -C 20 or a mixture of the reaction products are offered:

  • PV-1 additive Minkor-2, TU 38.401969-93, the reaction product of an oxidized oil nitric acid (TU 38.401656-87) oxyethylated alkylphenol Neonol AF 9/12 TU 38.103625-85 and aliphatic amine C 17 -C 20 TU 6.02- 740-79. A molecular weight of 850,950; nitrogen is not less than 1% viscosity at 100 o C of not more than 100 mm 2 / c.
  • PV-2 Additive Afeni TU TU 38.401.743-89 or Automag 38.401-58-33-92.

Reaction products of mono-C 10 -C 22 fatty acids (stearic or oleic or SLC) with fatty amines or polietilenpoliminov (PEP), and ethoxylated alkylphenol OP-7 (GOST 8433-81) in a solvent (isobutyl alcohol, xylene, or a solvent). M.W. 900 1200, 820 900 density kg / m 3, an acid value mg KOH / g, not more than 20; TBN mgKOH / g to 40.

PV-3 additive Minkor-6

The reaction product of ethoxylated alkyl phenol OP-4 (TU 6.02.997-90) with maleic anhydride (GOST 5854-68) and aliphatic amines C 17 -C 20 (TU 6-02-740-79). Mol. 1350 1550 mass, the nitrogen content of 0.9-1.1% viscosity at 100 o C of not more than 90 mm 2 / s.

PV-4 additive Minkor-8

The reaction product alkenylsuccinic anhydride (dibasic acids of C 16 -C 22) TU 6-14-04-108-90 with ethoxylated alkylphenol OP-4 (TU 6.02.997-90) C 6 -C 8 aromatic amines -Technical Ekstralin (TU 6.02.571-90). A molecular weight of 1100-1200, the nitrogen content of more than 1.5% viscosity at 100 o C of not more than 50 mm 2 / s.

MF-5 additive Minkor-10

Product interaction alkenylsuccinic anhydride (dibasic acids of C 16 -C 22) TU 6-14-04-108-90 with oxyethylated alkylphenol neonol AF 9/12 TU 38.103625-85 with aromatic amines C 6 -C 8 - Ekstralin TU 6.02.571 -90).

The technology of obtaining reaction products (MF) consists in mixing the above ingredients with vigorous stirring, a stoichiometric mole ratio to slightly alkaline reaction 3 60 4 hours at 95 o C (not higher than 100 o C).

Intermolecular interaction is due to the strong hydrogen bonds with the formation of H- and P- complexes.

As aminophenols (AF) announced 4-oksidifenilamin, 2,4,6 tri (dialkylaminomethyl), where C 1 -C 4; ionol condensation products with amines. Check for the following compounds:

  • AF-1 4-oksidifenilamin, they say. mass 185.2; nitrogen content, 7.6; mp 69,5 o C.

AF-2 2,4,6 tri (dialkylaminomethyl) alkyl wherein C 1 -C 4 Manichaes bases obtained by condensation of phenol with formaldehyde, respectively dimethyl, diethyl or dibutyl amine of general formula (C 6 H 2) OH [CH 2 N (R ) 2]3. Mol. mass of 400-520, the nitrogen content is not less than 8% m. bales. 160-210 o C at 10 mm Hg

AF-3 di [2,6-1 ditretbutil hydroxybenzyl] parafenilamin, condensation product ionol with parafinilendiaminom or parafenitsitinom



Mol. mass of 520-550, the nitrogen content of 2.5-5% mp 150-180 o C.

As stated oxygenates methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), its mixture with isobutyl alcohol (feterolom) methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, oil or X dioxane alcohols. Tested oxygenate composition:

  • OK-1 product MTBE methyl tert-butyl ether, TU 38.103704-90;
  • UC-2 product feterol TU 301-03-008-94; a mixture of 60-80% to 0-40% MTBE isobutyl alcohol.
  • UC-3, or a mixture of MTBE feterola with methyl or ethyl alcohol in a ratio of 1 part of the MTBE or feterola 0.1-10 parts of alcohol;
  • OK-4 or a mixture of MTBE feterola with methyl or ethyl alcohol in a ratio of 1 part of the MTBE or feterola 0.1-10 parts of alcohol;
  • OK-5 or a mixture of MTBE feterola with methyl or ethyl alcohol and oil X in proportions: 1 part MTBE or feterola 0.1-10 parts of alcohol; 0.1-5 parts oil H.

Oil X (TU 113-03-476-82) by-product (waste) produced caprolactam from multi-component product comprising cyclohexanol (20%), cyclohexanone (40%), and cyclohexyl esters of various structures (up to 40%).

OK-6 or a mixture of MTBE feterola with methyl or ethyl alcohol and dioxane alcohols in ratios:

  • 1 of the MTBE or feterola 0.1-10 parts alcohol 0.1-5 parts of dioxane alcohols.

"Dioxane alcohols" (TU 38.103.429-83) multi-component waste material isoprene rubber plants in the UK, consisting of dioxane alcohols of the general formula C 7 H 14 O 3 and polyols (triols) C 6 H 14 O 3. The structure of side products of synthesis of isoprene from isobutylene and formaldehyde derivatives also include 3-methyl-1,3-butanediol (MDB), 1,3 dioxane, 2,6 dihydropyran and other oxygenated compounds (70).

All of these compounds are oxygenates, but need to be compatible with gasoline blending them with alcohols and MTBE invention.

Examples (formulations) formulations of multifunctional fuel additives Remoin BV Remoin database and Remoin-FET according to the invention are presented in Table. 1.

Additive Technology of preparation consists in mixing the components in the apparatus with a mixing device at 40-80 o C with the desired homogenization (circulation) additives in a "unit-pump-homogenizer machines." Introduction of additives series "Remoin" in the fuel (gasoline) in an amount of 1-20 wt. gasoline is carried out in a similar way, or by direct injection of additives in tanks, reservoirs, containers with the desired circulation pump in a "tank-pump-tank" for better mixing.

Science (theoretical) of the invention are the following phenomena.

1. Proposed additive compositions are not just a combination of surfactants, where each of them performs its functional role, and synergistic composition, a synergistic effect which is due to intermolecular interactions of surfactants in forming additive in gasoline with additives activated complexes oscillator with a resonant energy exchange through intermolecular centers interactions, n-complexes, H-complexes, complexes of long-lived stable free radicals (DAC) and secondary structures of colloidal complex structural units, micelles and mixed micelles (5,6).

2. It is found that by adding a less polar hydrocarbon medium (gasoline) of the more polar component (MTBE, other oxygenates and feterola) mixture of functional properties, in particular their octane evaporation, freezing point and others. Additivity does not obey the rules and tested through the extreme points with a certain gain (win) the functional properties of a certain amount (due to the formation of activated complexes oscillators).

When added to a mixture of additives, chemical polarizers extreme points are shifted towards less polar component content (oxygenates) and upwards in the direction of a significant increase in growth of functional properties.

3. Thus, the following are installed synergies in the proposed compositions of the present invention: shielded phenols or bisphenols and aminophenols synergistic thermally stabilizing additives (shielded phenols are effective up to 120-140 o C, aminophenols to 200 o C, the mixture in the temperature range 120-230 o C); a mixture of phenols and aminophenols chemical polarizers (see. p. 1 and 2).

reaction products of (MF) detergents, reducing the deposition of resins and carbon residues aromatic amines; corrosion inhibitors; fast, dewatering and water-retaining components that inhibit oxygenates and liquidating their corrosivity.

aromatic amines and oxygenates antiknock additives; aromatic amines synergists, chemical polarizers oxygenates acid corrosion inhibitors; oxygenates amine synergists that enhance the process of combustion and reduce the high carbon formation by aromatic amines.

Table. 2-4 shows the results of tests Ekstralin additives ADSs oxygenate MTBE and feterol and examples of the compositions of additives Remoin-BV, DB and Remoin-fet in gasoline.

for thermooxidative stability (. Table 2) The test was conducted on additives developed method: thermostat, special reflux, air purge, 50 ml of the plate Art. . 10 and copper-M 1, the tests for 6 hours at T = 95 ± 2 o C for 4 hours; and T = 230 ± 2 o C for 2 hours. Cooling 18 hours.

Additives were tested at a concentration of 5 wt. in reference gasoline A-76. Fixed color change of the acid number and gasoline with additives, the amount of deposits and corrosion of steel and copper plate in mg / m 2. The test results are shown in Table. 2.

CLAIM

1. Multifunctional additive for hydrocarbon fuels for internal combustion engines, comprising a C 6 C 8 aromatic low molecular weight amines and phenols or bisphenols shielded, characterized in that it further comprises reaction products of aliphatic amine C 10 C 40 amine or aromatic C 6 - C 8, ethoxylated alkylphenol with c 8 and c 9 alkyl with Apr. 12 oxyethylene groups with oxidized hydrocarbons, or with monobasic fatty acids c 10, c 22, dicarboxylic acids or c 4 c 20 or mixtures of the reaction products, and further comprising a aminophenols and oxygenates in the following ratio, wt.

  • Aromatic amines 7 94
  • Shielded phenols or bisphenols 0.1 2
  • The reaction products 0.5 10
  • Aminophenols 0.1 2
  • Oxygenates to 100

2. Additive according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains as 4-aminophenol oksidifenilamin, 2,4,6-tri (dialkylaminomethyl), where C 1 -. C 4 alkyl condensation products with amines ionol, and as oxygenate contains methyl tert-butyl ether, mixtures thereof with isobutyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, dioxane alcohols, or oil.

3. A fuel composition for internal combustion engines, comprising a hydrocarbon fuel and an additive, characterized in that as an additive it is contained 1 to 20 wt. multifunctional additive of claim. 1 and 2.

print version
Publication date 07.04.2007gg