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DEVICES, COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS OF INCREASING VICINITY AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY OF VEGETABLE CROPS
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2214382

Peat nutritional formula

Peat nutritional formula

The name of the inventor: Anton L. Khokhlov
The name of the patent owner: Khokhlov Anton Lvovich
Address for correspondence: 194017, St. Petersburg, PO Box 71, G.P. Saburova
The effective date of the patent: 2002.03.12

The invention relates to the processing of peat and can be used for growing various types of flower, berry, vegetable, ornamental crops, houseplants, for local application when planting garden crops. The nutritional mixture contains peat, mineral components and microelements. In addition, the mixture contains sand, as limestone and / or dolomite flour as mineral components, simple or double superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulphate. As microelements, the mixture contains copper sulfate, zinc vitriol, iron citric-ammonia, ammonium molybdenum-acid, borax or boric acid, manganese sulfate. The ratio of ingredients, kg per 100 liters of the mixture: peat 75,0-85,0, sand 8,0-25,0, limestone and / or dolomite flour 7,0-11,0, superphosphate simple or double 0,3-3 , 0, ammonium nitrate 0,15-0,85, potassium sulphate 0,4-1,0, magnesium sulfate 0,1-0,5, copper sulfate 0,005-0,030, vitriol zinc 0,003-0,007, iron citric-ammonium 0,015 -0.03, ammonium molybdenum-sour 0.001-0.006, borax or boric acid 0.006-0.012, manganese sulfate 0.003-0.008, water - the rest. The finished product is characterized by the following composition (available for plant forms), mg / l: nitrogen (NH 4 + NO 3 ) 70-275, phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) 100-250, potassium (K 2 O) 150-500, The moisture content is not more than 65%, the acidity is the pH of the salt suspension from 5.0 to 6.5. The invention provides for the creation of a new composition of a peat-based nutrient mixture in the form of a soil, which expands the range of peat nutrient mixtures, the production of a low-cost and easy-to-manufacture and storage peat nutrient mixture.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of peat processing and can be used as a peat nutrient mixture for growing various types of flower, berry, vegetable, ornamental crops, indoor plants, for local application when planting garden crops.

A method for preparing a substrate is known (RU 2013942, 1991.02.28, A 01 G 31/00). The method includes mixing peat with mineral fertilizers, lime and microfertilizers, and is characterized in that, in addition, a natural zeolite in an amount of 3.79-19.62 per 100 kg of substrate is added during mixing.

It is known peat fertilizer and the method of its production (RU 2114806, 1993.01.21, C 05 F 11/02, C 05 G 1/00). Fertilizer contains peat, mineral components, water, while as mineral components it contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the form bound with organic matter with the following component ratio, wt. %: Peat (dry matter) 17.3-17.6, nitrogen - 0.50-0.51, phosphorus in terms of P 2 O 5 - 0.20-0.25, potassium in terms of K 2 O - 0,56-0,60, water - the rest. The method comprises mixing the ground peat with mineral components, water and fermenting the mixture by its own microflora at an elevated temperature. Peat fertilizer is a viscous flow pasty mass.

The disadvantage of such a fertilizer can be attributed to the fact that during storage, the mass dries up, and this leads to a decrease in fertilizer efficiency. In addition, such fertilizer should be packaged in special containers, for example, polyethylene jars, which increases the cost of fertilizer.

Peat granulated fertilizer "Python" and the method of its preparation are known (RU 2102362, 1993.04.08, C 05 F 11/02). Fertilizer contains peat, glycerin and mineral components. As sources of potassium, magnesium, manganese and zinc, it contains respectively potassium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulphate, cobalt sulfate and hardening additives - cement and carboxymethylcellulose with the following ratio of ingredients, %: Peat - 62.5-65.4, carbamide - 2.15-5.40, phosphate in terms of P 2 O 5 - 0.5-1.2, potassium carbonate - 1.2-2.8, Calcareous flour - 4,1-6,3, magnesium carbonate - 1,56-1,63, manganese sulfate - 0,03-0,10, boric acid 0,01-0,03, zinc sulphate - 0,04- 0.13, copper sulphate - 0.01-0.03, ammonium molybdenum-acid - 0.0002-0.0010, cobalt sulfate - 0.0005-0.0030, glycerol - 2.0-4.6, cement - 2,3-4,7, carboxymethylcellulose - 0,010-0,100, water - the rest. The method for obtaining fertilizer includes mixing peat with mineral components, granulating the mixture and drying. The obtained fertilizer "Python" is spherical granules of dark brown color with a diameter of 7-12 mm.

The disadvantages of such a fertilizer include the complicated technology of its manufacture, which requires the equipment for granulating the mixture. This leads to an increase in the cost of fertilizer.

The objectives of the proposed invention are:

- the creation of a new composition of the nutrient mixture based on peat in the form of soil, which expands the range of peat nutrient mixtures,

- obtaining an inexpensive and easy-to-manufacture and storage peat nutritional formula.

The stated goals are achieved by the fact that the peat nutrient mixture contains peat, mineral components and microelements and is characterized in that it additionally contains sand, as mineral components it contains limestone and / or dolomite flour, superphosphate simple or double, ammonium nitrate, potassium sulphate, Magnesium sulphate, as microelements it contains copper sulfate, zinc vitriol, iron citric-ammonium, ammonium molybdenum-sour, borax or boric acid, manganese sulfate at the following ratio of ingredients kg per 100 liters of mixture:

  • Peat - 75.0-85.0
  • Sand - 8.0-25.0
  • Limestone and / or dolomite flour - 7,0-11,0
  • Superphosphate simple or double - 0.3-3.0
  • Ammonium nitrate - 0,15-0,85
  • Potassium sulphate - 0,4-1,0
  • Magnesium sulphate 0.1-0.5
  • Copper sulphate - 0,005-0,030
  • Zinc sulphate 0.003-0.007
  • Iron lemon-ammonium - 0,015-0,03
  • Ammonium molybdenum-sour - 0,001-0,006
  • Bura or boric acid 0.006-0.012
  • Manganese sulphate - 0,003-0,008
  • Water - Other

The finished product is characterized by:

Composition (available for plant forms), mg / l:

  • Nitrogen (NH 4 + NO 3 ) - 70-275
  • Phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) - 100-250
  • Potassium (K 2 O) - 150-500
  • Moisture mass fraction - Not more than 65%
  • Acidity - pH of salt suspension - 5.0 to 6.5

The finished product in the form of soil is packaged in boxes and / or bags of different capacities.

METHOD OF PRODUCTION CONCLUDES IN THE FOLLOWING

Peat with a degree of decomposition of 20-50%, humidity 40-65%, ash content of 2-20% is pre-cleaned from wood inclusions, crushed to a fraction value of 2 to 5 mm and fed into a mixer. Simultaneously, large sand, mineral fertilizers in dry form and trace elements in liquid form are also fed there. After this, a thorough mixing process begins, at the end of which the finished feed mixture is fed through a screw conveyor for packaging into boxes and / or plastic bags. The volume of packaging from 1 liter or more.

The finished product is characterized by:

Composition (available for plant forms), mg / l:

  • Nitrogen (NH 4 + NO 3 ) - 70-275
  • Phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) - 100-250
  • Potassium (K 2 O) - 150-500
  • Moisture mass fraction - Not more than 65%
  • Acidity - pH of salt suspension - 5.0 to 6.5

Example 1

Prepare the soil, intended for the cultivation of vegetable crops.

The finished product is characterized by:

Composition (available for plant forms), mg / l:

  • Nitrogen (NH 4 + NO 3 ) - 200
  • Phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) - 450
  • Potassium (K 2 O) - 450
  • Moisture mass fraction - Not more than 65%
  • Acidity - pH of salt suspension - from 5.2 to 6.5

To obtain 100 liters of the finished product, it is required, kg: peat - 75.0, sand - 10.0, limestone flour - 8.5, superphosphate simple - 2.85, ammonium nitrate - 0.6, potassium sulphate - 1.0, Magnesium sulphate - 0.5, copper sulfate 0.010, zinc sulfate 0.007, iron citric-ammonium 0.03, ammonium molybdenum-sulphate 0.006, borax 0.010, manganese sulfate 0.008, water other.

Example 2

Prepare the ground, intended for cultivation bulbous and tuberous plants.

The finished product is characterized by:

Composition (available for plant forms), mg / l:

  • Nitrogen (NH 4 + NO 3 ) - 70
  • Phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) - 150
  • Potassium (K 2 O) - 200
  • Mass fraction of moisture - Not more than 50%
  • Acidity - pH of salt suspension - 5.0 to 6.5

To obtain 100 liters of the finished product, it is required, kg: peat - 85.0, sand - 15.0, dolomite flour - 9.5, superphosphate simple - 1.1, ammonium nitrate - 0.25, potassium sulphate 0.6, Magnesium sulphate 0.4, copper sulfate 0.005, zinc vitriol 0.003, iron citric-ammonium 0.015, ammonium molybdenum-sulphate 0.001, borax 0.006, manganese sulfate 0.003, water other.

Example 3

Prepare the soil, intended for the cultivation of ornamental-deciduous crops.

The finished product is characterized by:

Composition (available for plant forms), mg / l:

  • Nitrogen (NH 4 + NO 3 ) - 245
  • Phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) 250
  • Potassium (K 2 O) - 470
  • Mass fraction of moisture - Not more than 55%
  • Acidity - pH of the salt suspension - 5.0 to 6.2

To obtain 100 liters of the finished product, it is required, kg: peat - 80.0, sand 9.0, limestone flour - 8.5, superphosphate double - 0.65, ammonium nitrate - 0.85, potassium sulphate 1.0, Magnesium sulphate 0.4, copper sulfate 0.030, zinc vitriol 0.005, iron citric-ammonium 0.070 ammonium molybdenum acid 0.001, borax 0.012, manganese sulfate 0.005, water other.

The carried out researches have shown that the peat mixture obtained due to the optimally selected composition of components and their ratio raises 2-3 times the survival rate of seedlings and 2-3 times the seed germination, besides it provides optimal water-physical properties of flower beds and flower beds, enhances decorative Quality of flower crops.

CLAIM

Peat nutrient mixture containing peat, mineral components and microelements, characterized in that it additionally contains sand, as mineral components it contains limestone and / or dolomite flour, superphosphate simple or double, ammonium nitrate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulphate, in As a trace element, it contains copper sulfate, zinc vitriol, iron citric-ammonium, ammonium molybdenum-sour, borax or boric acid, manganese sulfate at the following ratio of ingredients per 100 liters of mixture:

  • Peat - 75.0-85.0
  • Sand - 8.0-25.0
  • Limestone and / or dolomite flour - 7,0-11,0
  • Superphosphate simple or double - 0.3-3.0
  • Ammonium nitrate - 0,15-0,85
  • Potassium sulphate - 0,4-1,0
  • Magnesium sulphate 0.1-0.5
  • Copper sulphate - 0,005-0,030
  • Zinc sulphate 0.003-0.007
  • Iron lemon-ammonium - 0,015-0,03
  • Ammonium molybdenum-sour - 0,001-0,006
  • Bura or boric acid 0.006-0.012
  • Manganese sulphate - 0,003-0,008
  • Water - Other

At the same time, the finished product is characterized by the following composition (forms available for plants), mg / l:

  • Nitrogen (NH 4 + NO 3 ) - 70-275
  • Phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) - 100-250
  • Potassium (K 2 O) - 150-500

With a mass fraction of moisture of not more than 65%, acidity - the pH of the salt suspension is 5.0-6.5.

print version
Date of publication 06.03.2007гг