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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2226327
METHOD OF GROWING POTATOES
Name of the inventor: AV Rutskoi .; Kotelnikov VY .; Ziborov VN
The name of the patentee: Kursk State Technical University
Address for correspondence: 305040, Kursk, st. 50 October, 94, KSTU, ITN
Starting date of the patent: 2000.12.04
The invention relates to agriculture, namely to methods for growing potatoes. In the process simultaneously with planting in the ground forming the series spend loosening and deep lane between rows of sucker rod processing device to form a loose Keystone periods in which the planted tubers. Level the surface of the field, then produce a continuous pre-emergence weed seedlings filamentous separation, with decreasing depth of each subsequent separation. After the appearance of full shoots, carried deep loosening of row spacing and formation of furrows and ridges, and the sprouts of potatoes sprinkled with additional soil. The ridges are separated by half their height, and aisle loosened and covered with soil. The method allows to increase the productivity and quality of care for the potato planting technology.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Known processes for the production of potatoes for intensive technologies, the description of which is given in the recommendations of specialists Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation [1] (Wide AP Kryukov, IV, etc. The experience of potato cultivation on intensive technologies in the Russian Federation farms -.. M., November 1990). It is mainly based on ridge planting using different machines and methods of cultivation of "Dutch", "Zavorovsky", "Astrakhan" and others. The technology includes primary and secondary tillage, crafts combs and potato planting in ridges, followed by harrowing and hoeing between the rows, treatment with insecticides and herbicides. On weedy soils prone to compaction, to obtain a high yield of potatoes to these technologies is not always possible, because the drastic temperature germination of weeds is 2-3 degrees, and the potato - 8-10 degrees at planting depth. Therefore, weeds germinate much faster before planting potatoes, and get clean, suitable for mechanized operations further it shoots is not possible. The used pre-emergence harrowing does not provide high-quality protection of potato weeds due to poor copy the surface of the field on the garden beds, and the technology is very complex due to the imperfections of the existing machines and the high price of foreign equipment in Russia.
The purpose of the present invention - increase in the yield and quality of potato planting care technology. This object is achieved by the following set of operations:
a) 1
After the primary combined tillage in the fall, spring planting tubers simultaneously carry out deep subsurface lane loosening special chisel, equipped with round bars, exclusive cut of the soil and the formation of sole shoe. In this form tapered recesses 1 and trapezoidal loose intervals 2. Simultaneously with the deep loosening in the recesses 1 potato tubers are planted 3 and the field surface level. Operation a) 1 runs counter plow 4 special design with the rod 5 is pivotally connected to the reception.
b) 2
With the sprouting of potato tubers and weeds produce 2-3 of soil separation of potato sprouts. At the same time on shoots and in between rows formed by the separated fine lumpy clean soil layer 6, from which extracted all filamentous weed seedlings. This operation is performed to a depth less than the depth of planting tubers and completed within 3-4 days before the emergence of potatoes. The actual depth of each subsequent separation of the surface layer is reduced, since the bulk of the potato sprouts increases and approaches the field surface and can be damaged by the separator bars. This operation is performed by special roller-cage light construction, which in a single pass eliminates more than 85% of threadlike sprouts weeds out all the processed layer and throws them to the surface of the field, where they lose contact with the moist soil and dry out quickly.
c) 3
After the appearance of full shoots of potato conduct deep tillage between the rows to form a loose layer 8 and simultaneously form the ridges and grooves 9. In this case, the potato sprouts sprinkled additional layer of soil 
h. After this treatment, the tubers produce secondary roots and root form a large mass of the ovary to produce more young potato tubers after flowering. This operation is performed hiller-10 subsoiler.
g) 4
After powdering shoots spend separation the top of the ridge to half its height, for the cross-vertical profile abcdef, destroying weeds in the filamentous phase of seedlings and vegetation. At the same time produce additional loosening of inter-row 11 below the depth of planting tubers falling asleep 3 and 13 loose soil between the rows above the landing tubers 3 to a depth h. This allows the roots to penetrate further into the aisle and to form in them an additional amount of potato tubers. The operation is a special working body, such as rack 14 equipped with a spring-loaded feeler rod 15 or other rotary working bodies. The technology can improve the yield and quality of the care of crops, reduce the cost of herbicides and mechanization for the cultivation of potatoes.
CLAIM
potato production method comprising the steps of the primary and secondary tillage, cutting furrows and planting in them potatoes, followed by harrowing and ridging rows, characterized in that simultaneously with the planting in the ground forming rows of produce deep lane loosening and processing between rows of sucker rod device to form a loose keystone periods in which the planted tubers, and level the surface of the field, then produce a continuous pre-emergence separation threadlike sprouts weeds with a decrease in the depth of each subsequent separation, and then after the appearance of full shoots carried deep loosening of row spacing and formation of furrows and ridges, and the sprouts of potatoes sprinkled an additional layer of soil ridges are separated by half their height, and aisle loosened and covered with soil.
print version
Publication date 06.03.2007gg
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