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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2289908
METHOD FOR PRODUCING SEEDLING Stevia
Name of the inventor: Krivenko Alla (RU); Starodubtseva Galina (RU); Troop Alexander (RU); Zhabina Valentina (RU); Esaulkov Natalia A.
The name of the patentee: Federal State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education Stavropol State Agrarian University
Address for correspondence: 355017, Stavropol, trans. Zootechnical, 12, FSEIHPE SSAU, OIC (Patent Office)
Starting date of the patent: 2005.02.15
The method relates to a crop, in particular to methods of green rooting cuttings and raising seedlings of Stevia. The use of this method helps to increase the survival rate of green cuttings, seedlings accelerate the receipt of full color and increasing its field survival is a protected ground, improve phytosanitary and environmental status of the plant and the environment. A method of producing seedlings Stevia includes the preparation of green cuttings. At the same time the green stalks of freshly cut take with two pairs of leaves and placed in individual growing container with soil substrate with the ability to create the conditions of "wet chamber", by isolating each separate green stalk. soil substrate humidity is 75-80%. Average air temperature - 20-23 ° C. Relative humidity - 65-70%. Term of seedlings for 24-25 days.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to crop production, in particular for rooting green cuttings and growing seedlings of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Hemsley) without geterouksinovoy natural growth promoters by creating optimal microenvironment (constant humidity - the effect of "wet chamber") for rooting green cuttings, and it can be used both under greenhouse conditions, and is covered ground.
. A method of producing seedlings Stevia rooted softwood cuttings in seedling boxes (see Dzyuba OO Abstract of Candidate of Biological Science, St. Petersburg, 1999;... Dubyansky MM Abstract candidate of agricultural sciences, Ramon., 1999. ).
The disadvantage of this method is the low survival rate of green cuttings.
A method of obtaining rooted cuttings of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) Hemsley), comprising treating cuttings aqueous IBA acid with a concentration of 50 mg / L by their immersion in the solution, followed by rooting in a wet substrate comprising sand at high humidity, thus as rooting cuttings using 2-3-day-old sprouts whose 2/3 cut lamina, IBA acid treatment solution in a concentration of 50 mg / l was carried out for 20-26 hours, and washed river sand is used as a substrate (see. US Pat. Russian Federation №2079267, Cl. A 01 G 1/00, publ. 20.05.97).
The disadvantage of this method is the pretreatment of green cuttings with water and growth stimulants, no plants in case of insulation fitoinfektsii.
The closest to the technical nature and sufficient positive effect and adopted by the authors as the prototype is a process for stevia seedlings rooted softwood cuttings in seedling boxes and paper trays (see. Zubenko VF, Kovalchuk MI, Gres EI Sugar beet , 1992. - №6 -. S.38-39).
The disadvantage of this method is the pretreatment of green cuttings with water and growth stimulants, additional operations powdering planting material, lack of insulation plant in the event of fitoinfektsii, uncontrolled evaporation of water sheet surface, violation root seedlings when retrieving boxes of seedlings before planting.
The object of the present invention is to provide a simple-to-use and environmentally friendly method of growing seedlings of stevia green cuttings.
The technical result that can be obtained by using the proposed method of producing seedlings of Stevia and individual growing container, is reduced to simplify the method and the low of its value, to the exclusion of occurrence fitoinfektsii, high survival rate and produce large volumes of a complete, well-developed seedlings of Stevia by creating a individual pot containers optimal microenvironment for the type of "moist chamber".
The technical result is achieved by a method for producing seedlings of Stevia, which includes the preparation of green cuttings, and the green stalks take freshly cut with two pairs of leaves and placed in individual growing container with soil substrate with the ability to create the conditions of "wet chamber" by isolating separately for each green handle, and humidity of the soil substrate is 75-80%, average daily air temperature - 20-23 ° C, relative humidity 65-70%, and the deadline for receipt of seedlings for 24-25 days.
Using individual growing container comprising a container in the form of a cup, wherein it is provided with a second vessel in the form of a cup, which is capable of entering into the first vessel to the simultaneous contact of the upper container edge with a soil substrate surface and the inner surface of the first container, wherein the contact occurs the coincidence of the upper and lower diameters capacitance at 4/5 of the height of the container.
The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the green rooting cuttings and raising seedlings of Stevia performed in the original vegetation individual containers, which allow separate plant life optimize conditions by creating microenvironment type "moist chamber". To the bottom of the container in which is placed the soil substrate and freshly cut green stalk, taking capacity in the form of glass, for example, 200 ml, and for the upper part of the container that isolates a single green stalk and creates conditions of "wet chamber", taking capacity in the form of glass 100 ml.
Freshly cut cuttings stevia without pretreatment, in contrast to the methods of cuttings with pretreatment with water and growth stimulators are placed in a humidified 75-80% HB (lowest humidity) soil substrate to 4/5 the height of the container bottom and cover part of the upper container.
Soil substrate may be provided with a mixture of humus chernozem + (3: 1) + pearlite or humus (3: 1). The use of other pochvosmesi.
Time obtaining seedlings with well developed aerial part of the root system and 24-25 days, in contrast to conventional - 30 days.
Tests show that the proposed method of producing seedlings Stevia enables by creating in the individual, for example, plastic pot containers, the effect of "wet chamber" to control the evaporation of moisture of the leaf surface of cuttings and not to carry out, this is the difference, cutting the leaf blade to reduce the evaporation surface. This allows you to keep the photosynthetic capacity of leaf stalk, by which improves the conditions of plastic substances during the synthesis process of rooting green cuttings, growth and development of stevia seedlings.
Using the proposed method of producing seedlings can improve the survival rate of green cuttings up to 90-100%, shorten obtain full seedlings to 25 days, to avoid damage to the root system of seedlings at planting in the field, which increases the survival rate of seedlings field. Rooting cuttings of green vegetation in individual plastic containers can be carried out not only in the greenhouse, but in the spring and summer during the transition average daily temperature over 15 ° C can be accommodated pot containers on the shelves, and the soil surface is covered ground, in the open air.
The figure given individual growing container, general view.
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Individual growing container consists of a first (bottom) of the container 1 in the form of a cup, for example, a volume of 200 ml and a second (upper) container 2 in the form of glass smaller volume, e.g. 100 ml, which is capable of entering into the first vessel 1 through the simultaneous contact forming a contact edge line 3 of the second container 2 with the soil substrate surface 4 and the inner surface of the first container 1, the contact diameter increases the coincidence of the first and second containers 1, 2 at 4/5 the height of the first container 1, the bottom of the first ( lower) container 1 is provided with holes 5, and in the soil substrate 4 planted rooting green stalks 6. |
Example of embodiment of a method of producing stevia SEEDLING AND INDIVIDUAL vegetation CONTAINER TO IMPLEMENT THIS METHOD
example 1
The experiment is performed in the greenhouse. 100 freshly green cuttings 6 with two pairs of leaves were placed in the first (bottom) of the container 1 in the form of 200-ml beaker with soil substrate 4. Humidity soil substrate 4 consisting of a mixture of black soil humus + (3:1), 70% field capacity further HB. The average air temperature in the greenhouse is between experience +18 ... + 20 ° C, relative humidity of about 60%, then the first (lower) container 1 is covered with the second (top) of the container 2, smaller in size and equal to 100 ml with the possibility of entering into the first vessel 1 and 3 simultaneously contact edge of the second vessel 2 with the soil substrate surface 4 and the inner surface of the first container 1, the diameters of the first and second container 1, 2 come into contact at a height of 4/5 of the first container 1 and formed a "moist chamber ".
Survival rate of the cuttings stevia was on day 12 to 92%. Term of ready seedlings 25 days.
Control. All the conditions are the same, but the landing of freshly cut cuttings stevia seedling held in the boxes under the scheme 2 × 3 cm. Survival rate of cuttings on day 12 was 68%.
example 2
The experiment is performed in a greenhouse as in Example 1, i.e. 100 freshly green cuttings stevia 6 with two pairs of leaves were placed in individual plastic containers vegetation, but the humidity of the soil substrate consisting of a mixture of humus + Perlite (3: 1), is 75% NV. The average air temperature in the greenhouse is between experience +20 ... + 21 ° C, relative humidity of about 65%. Survival rate of the cuttings stevia was on day 12 to 98%. Term getting ready seedlings 25 days.
Control. All the conditions are the same, but the landing of freshly cut cuttings stevia seedling held in the boxes under the scheme 2 × 3 cm. Survival rate of cuttings on day 12 was 72%.
example 3
The experiment is performed in a greenhouse as in Example 1, i.e. 100 Stevia freshly green cuttings with two pairs of leaves were placed in individual plastic containers vegetation, but the humidity of the soil substrate consisting of a mixture of black soil humus + (3: 1), is 80% NV. The average air temperature in the greenhouse is between experience +20 ... + 23 ° C, relative humidity of about 70%. Survival rate of the cuttings stevia was on day 12 to 99%. Term of seedlings 24 days.
Control. All the conditions are the same, but the landing of freshly cut cuttings stevia seedling held in the boxes under the scheme 2 × 3 cm. Survival rate of cuttings on day 12 was 76%.
example 4
The experiment is performed in an open area. 100 Stevia freshly green cuttings with two pairs of leaves were placed in individual plastic containers vegetation. Humidity soil substrate consisting of a mixture of black soil humus + (3: 1), was 90% NV. The average temperature is between 17 experience ... + 19 ° C, relative humidity of about 85%. Survival rate of the cuttings stevia was 12 days 91%.
Control. All the conditions are the same, but the landing of freshly cut cuttings stevia seedling held in the boxes under the scheme 2 × 3 cm. Survival rate of cuttings on day 12 was 42%. Term of ready seedlings 28-30 days.
Thus, carrying out experiments on process for producing seedlings of Stevia of Examples 2, 3 the most optimal, since the survival rate of cuttings is 98-99% with soil substrate moisture content 75-80%, average daily temperature of 20-23 ° C, relative humidity of 65-70%, and the deadline for receipt of stevia seedlings for 24-25 days.
The present invention in comparison with the prototype and other known technical solutions have the following advantages:
- An increase in the survival rate of cuttings of green stevia;
- Exclusion of the pre-treatment of green cuttings before planting growth stimulants and water;
- Acceleration timing of full stevia seedlings and increase its field survival;
- The ability to use not only in greenhouses but is covered ground;
- Improvement of phytosanitary and ecological status of the plant and the environment.
CLAIM
A method of producing seedlings of Stevia comprising preparing green cuttings, wherein the green stalk take freshly cut with two pairs of leaves and placed in individual growing container with a soil substrate with the ability to create conditions "moist chamber" by isolating each separately green stalk, the humidity of the soil substrate is 75-80%, the average daily temperature is 20-23 ° C, relative humidity 65-70%, and the deadline for receipt of seedlings for 24-25 days.
print version
Publication date 08.03.2007gg
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