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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2249614

METHOD FOR SEEDING MYCELIUM edible mushrooms

METHOD FOR SEEDING MYCELIUM edible mushrooms

Name of the inventor: Nikitina VE
The name of the patentee: Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences
Address for correspondence: 410012, Saratov, Moskovskaya, 155, SGU, PLO O.I.Kupriyanovoy
Starting date of the patent: 2003.03.21

The invention relates to biotechnology and agricultural production, in particular for mushroom growing. A method for producing seed of mycelium of edible mushrooms comprises preparing a mycelium biomass in a culture medium in the presence of growth stimulants, sowing mycelial biomass to grain growth medium, with mycelial biomass is prepared by submerged culture, in a nutrient medium used potato-wheat Wednesday, and as a growth promoter - suspension of Azospirillum bacteria. The invention allows to speed up the cultivation of edible mushroom mycelium inoculum.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to biotechnology and agricultural production, in particular to the mushroom growing, and can be used to accelerate the cultivation of edible mushroom mycelium inoculum.

A method of producing seed mycelium of edible mushrooms (see. RF patent №2136141, IPC A 01 G 1/04, opub. Of 10.09.1999), which includes the cultivation of mycelium on grain seed culture medium supplemented with sodium selenite, which is made as a stimulant growth. This method provides for the cultivation of mycelium and fruiting bodies on the same medium, thereby shortening the appearance of the fruiting bodies of fungi and higher yields.

However, the presence of sodium selenite as a stimulator of growth does not ensure receipt of organic food, as the substance has a chemical origin.

Known and the method for producing seed of mycelium of edible mushrooms (see. RF patent №2192736 IPC A 01 G 1/04), comprising growing liquid culture saprotrophic edible fungus in a nutrient medium to the appropriate stage of readiness of the mother mycelium inoculation mycelium swollen and separated from the water corn and maintaining it in the dark for at least 5 days under sterile conditions. The method allows you to keep useful microflora mycelium, reduce labor intensity and prevent fungal competitor in the finished product.

The main disadvantage of this method is its durability because of the absence of additives stimulating the growth of fungi.

The closest to the claimed is a method of producing seed mycelium of edible mushrooms (see. RF patent №2183056 IPC A 01 G 1/04, opub. Of 10.06.2002), comprising the preparation of inoculum on the agar medium in the presence of a growth stimulant in which is used as immunotsitofit and inoculating the mixture of grain, gypsum and chalk this seed. Duration of growing seed is 6 days and the mycelium growing grain - 13 days.

The disadvantage of this method are: the laboriousness of producing mycelium from the necessity of growing the culture on a petri dish and used as a growth stimulant immunotsitofita chemical substance, which is based on ethyl ester of arachidonic acid, which produces no environmentally friendly food product.

The invention is aimed at solving the problem of obtaining seed mycelium of edible mushrooms, which allows to grow ecologically pure commodity product with high competitive properties.

To solve this problem in the process of obtaining seed mycelia edible fungi comprising preparing mycelial biomass in a culture medium in the presence of a growth stimulant, seeding mycelial biomass grain growth medium according to the invention, mycelial biomass is prepared by submerged cultivation in using potato wheat as a nutrient medium as well as growth stimulator - a suspension of Azospirillum bacteria.

Bacteria of the genus Azospirillum are free-living nitrogen-fixing soil microorganisms capable of actively influencing the growth and development of crops (Bashan Y., Dubrovsky JG Azospirillum spp. Participation in dry matter partitioning in grasses at the whole plant level / / Biol. Fertil. Soils. 1996 . Vol. 23. P.435-440). The positive effect of Azospirillum on the yield of different cereal crops, forage grasses and vegetables is associated not only with nitrogen fixation, but with the hormonal regulation, improved mineral nutrition, and several other factors. Thus, it is known the use of bacteria of the genus Azospirillum inoculation plants (Bashan Y., Levanony H. Current status of Azospirillum inoculation technology:... Azospirillum as challenge for agriculture // Can J. Microbiol 1990. Vol 36, N 9. P. 591-608; Kapulnik Y. et al Effect of Azospirillum inoculation on yield of field grown wheat // Can J. Microbiol 1983. Vol 29. P.895-899)..... However it is not known to use these bacteria to stimulate the growth of fungi.

Method is as follows

For Azospirillum cultures used the strain Azospirillum brasilense Sp 7 grown on synthetic liquid medium with the following composition (g / l): KH 2 PO 4 - 13.61; NaOH - 1,7; FeSO 4 · 7H 2 O - 0,01; CaCl 2 - 0.026; Na 2 MoO 4 - 0,002; MgSO 4 - 0.2; KNO 3 - 0.05; Biotin - 10 -4; Fructose - 1.44; pH - 6.8. Cultivation was carried out at a temperature of 30-35 ° C.

As used daily Azospirillum suspension culture of bacteria in a concentration of 10 9 cells per ml.

Along with the cultivation of mushroom cultivation was carried Azospirillum cultures (eg, oyster mushrooms). For this fungus culture liquid was inoculated on potato-wheat culture medium of the following composition (parts by weight): flour - 20 grams of potato decoction - the rate of 200 g of potato per 1 liter of water. The culture was grown at 26 degrees for 3 days.

The resulting mycelial suspension was seeded with biomass Azospirillum rate of 10 ml per 200 ml of suspension medium.

Co-cultivation of mushrooms Azospirillum and allowed for 14 days increase the accumulation of biomass on the third, while in the absence of Azospirillum same amount of biomass could be obtained in 28 days.

For inoculation with grain spawn this grain mycelial biomass with Azospirillum full grain overgrowth occurs within 6 days, 4-6 days that are shorter than in the absence of Azospirillum.

Stimulating the growth of fungi observed in the later stages of development before the formation of fruiting bodies.

This method has allowed to increase the yield of commercial product by 20-30% compared to standard methods.

Thus, the application of the method can increase the accumulation of mycelial biomass at deep cultivation on 30-35% increase over the same period of time as compared to the prior art, to reduce the time of sowing the mycelium growing and increase the stability culture to microscopic fungi, thereby improving the quality of the commodity mycelium.

CLAIM

1. A method of producing edible mushroom mycelium inoculum comprising preparing a mycelium biomass broth in the presence of growth stimulator, mycelial biomass crop grain growth medium, wherein the mycelial biomass is prepared by submerged cultivation, used in potato wheat medium as a nutrient medium, as well as growth stimulator - a suspension of Azospirillum bacteria.

2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the potato and wheat medium at the following ratio: flour - 10-40 g of potato decoction 50-200 g per 1 liter of water.

3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the daily bacterial Azospirillum cultures.

print version
Publication date 11.03.2007gg