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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2140729
Organic additives "bioaktivatory" FOR GROWING edible mushrooms
AND METHOD FOR ITS PREPARATION
Name of the inventor: Alexander E. Ufimtsev
The name of the patentee: Alexander E. Ufimtsev
Address for correspondence: 614039, Perm, ul.P.Osipenko, d.51a, kv.71, Ufimtseva AE
Starting date of the patent: 1997.12.29
The invention relates to a process of cultivation of edible fungi. The organic additive includes starch - 40 - 60% calcium hydroxide - 40 - 60%. A method for preparing an additive is calcium hydroxide, and starch in the proportions of 40 - 60% is thoroughly stirred, then allowed to stand under normal conditions for at least 36 hours due This allows the bactericidal properties of calcium hydroxide to drastically reduce the content of unwanted microflora in starch.. "Bioactivator" is used for the cultivation of higher basidiomycetes of Pleurotus ostreatus and gives higher yield of fruiting bodies of fungi by 15 - 20% due to the concentration of substrate and samosterilizatsii sugar mixture. The organic additive can be used as fertilizer for growing vegetables in greenhouses.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a method for stimulating an organic additive containing a calcium compound, and may be used in the cultivation of edible Basidiomycetes.
A method of producing an edible mushroom mycelium, wherein the cereal grains are soaked before swelling, for example in admixture with calcium carbonate, wherein the use of calcium carbonate prevents grain aggregation [EPO application N 0107911, A 01 G 1/04, 1984].
Introduction of calcium carbonate in water to create a buffered medium by a certain concentration of hydrogen ions and thus prevent aggregation (clumping) grains.
Wood is known a method for growing mushrooms, in which a mixture prepared from a single mass. and two parts by weight of water. parts of dry mixture of natural pulp with a little starch and protein, are packaged in a flexible container and sterilized, after which the composition thus prepared is inoculated with spores of edible fungi and allowed to stand until mycelia of [US patent N 4127965, A 01 G 1/04, 1978 - prototype].
Dry weight of the culture medium in the form of preformed granules aided administered in natural starch and cellulose protein composition is ready for gas permeable consistency (due granules), which improves the gas exchange during the growth of mycelium.
If the starch, being the main reserve plant carbohydrate is a mixture of two polysaccharides - amylose and amylopectin and plays a role in the germination and development of spores, the protein does not take part in this process, since (in particular oyster mushroom) during the breakdown of the wood by the fungus due to the destruction of the lignocellulose complex in the substrate protein occurs as a result of the accumulation of mycelium life.
Using only one starch for growing mushrooms is irrational, since its cleavage requires an environment that would make it possible to maintain a certain acidity, ie provides a buffer system, which serves both to cleave the complex lignocellulosic wood waste and agricultural waste used to prepare substrates. As such an additive is introduced into the starch composition calcium hydroxide. Calcium hydroxide is a strong base, due to their bactericidal properties when mixed with the starch and subsequent exposure to normal conditions, allows to dramatically reduce contamination by microorganisms starch, ie soaking process occurs samosterilizatsiya mixture, which allows its use as a biological activator feeding ( fertilizer) in the cultivation of mushrooms, but also acts as a buffer system. The analysis showed that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "substantial differences".
When using a mixture of starch and calcium hydroxide for culturing Basidiomycetes splits starch to glucoamylase. The end products of enzymatic cleavage - as the major substrates of energy metabolism and biosynthesis processes. The analysis showed that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty".
The invention consists in that the organic additive containing starch, calcium hydroxide additionally introduced at the following component ratio, wt.%:
Calcium hydroxide - 40-60
Starch - 40-60
A method for preparing an organic additive is in that after mixing the starch with calcium hydroxide, the mixture was kept under normal conditions for at least 36 hours to sterilize the mixture.
To determine the optimal concentration of the starch mixture and calcium hydroxide and their impact on the productivity of the cultivation of the fruiting bodies of edible mushrooms, such as oyster mushroom, it has been prepared several compositions of organic additives, the test conducted by analyzing the pollution and growing of mushrooms on a "Regional Center" Bionica " on substrates of vegetable wastes. Research presented in the table.
Example 1 Calcium hydroxide (powder) in an amount of 80%, and starch in an amount of 20% was thoroughly mixed and allowed to stand for a certain time samosterilizatsii mixture. Efficacy was evaluated samosterilizatsii mixture process for the reduction of the total microbial contamination of the mixture (first test) 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 hours. The prepared mixture is introduced into bioorganic organic substrate in an amount of 1.0% by weight to its heat treatment. In the resulting culture medium was grown mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus. In order to determine the effectiveness of organic additives samosterilizuyuschey evaluated the level of marriage (fungal lesions blocks extraneous microflora) depending on samosterilizatsii time (the second criterion) and biomass growth of fungi (the third criterion of effectiveness).
The results are shown in the table.
Example 2 A mixture was prepared as in Example 1 with changing the content of the mixture components,%
Calcium hydroxide - 60
Starch - 40
The results are shown in the table.
Example 3 A mixture was prepared as in Example 1 with changing the content of the mixture components,%
Calcium hydroxide - 40
Starch - 60
The results are shown in the table.
Example 4 A mixture was prepared as in Example 1 with change of components content,%
Calcium hydroxide - 20
Starch - 80
The results are shown in the table.
Example 5: As an additive used slaked lime (100%) - on the control starch.
The results are shown in the table.
Example 6 was used as additives starch (100%) - Control on slaked lime.
The results are shown in the table.
Example 7: Cultivation of mushrooms produced bioorganic without additives (control efficiency of use of the additive).
The results are shown in the table.
Due to the decomposition of polysaccharides starch and starch samosterilizatsii the claimed organic additive has a high biological activity, so you can use it not only as a growth promoter, but also as a fertilizer in agriculture, especially in the greenhouse and the greenhouse sector.
Organic additives given the name "Bioactivator". Test "bioaktivatory" held at CJSC "LESOKOMBINAT" Red October "(Perm). JSC" Plant walling "(Perm). JSC" Holdeks "(Berezniki), JSC" Engineering Center "Seaton" ( Izhevsk), oyster growers of mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus).
In small quantities "Bioactivator" issued the JSC "Regional Center" Bionica "and realized together with the mycelium of fungi Pleurotus ostreatus.
CLAIM
1. The organic additive for growing edible mushrooms containing starch, characterized in that it additionally contains calcium hydroxide in the following ratio,%
Starch - 40-60
Calcium hydroxide - 40-60
2. A method for preparing an organic additive for growing edible mushrooms comprising starch, wherein the starch further contribute 40-60% calcium hydroxide, the resulting mixture was kept for at least 36 hours for samosterilizatsii mixture.
print version
Publication date 11.03.2007gg
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