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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2095945
Electrode FLUID HEATER
Name of the inventor: Proteins Vladimir; Victor M. Petroshen
The name of the patentee: Proteins Vladimir; Victor M. Petroshen
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1995.12.04
Use: in boilers, storage water heaters powered by mains, to produce hot water and independent heating. The inventive heater is mounted in the housing coaxially to the central partition dielectric phase electrode, a shield metal cylinder and a cylindrical peripheral electrode is zero. The housing is provided with inlet and outlet ducts for connection to the heating system and the expansion capacity switch. A feature of the invention is an electric switch connection through the screen to the power supply phase and the central electrode allowing stepwise automatically adjust the power, and the heat treatment temperature of hot water in the range of 30-90 o C.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the accumulative water heaters electrode type is designed to work in networks of autonomous water heating using convection heat exchangers, radiators and can be used as water heaters for industrial purposes, industrial processes.
Known electrode heater [1] in which due to the potential difference across the electrodes through an electrically conductive fluid according to the law of Joule, an electric current and it is heated. The heater housing provided with inlet and outlet, the compensation capacity of the expansion, are mounted on a dielectric partition concentrically phase and neutral electrodes connected to the switch. Between the electrodes is placed a dielectric screen to automatically install the heat balance by controlling the electric power, to eventually support approximately constant temperature liquid heating.
However, the design has a limited use in the performance range provided with a minimum flow of heated water.
More sophisticated are the boilers accumulative boilers, in which the power is controlled by changing the spatial position of the screen relative to the phase electrode drives the longitudinal displacement for example, [2] [3] or axial rotation [4] The mobile screen provides the maximum resistive resistance and minimum power of the heater, when a more intense wash cycle phase electrode, where the greatest heat. At maximum screening phase electrode set minimum electrical load that is reduced (up to 25% of nominal) power consumption of the heater.
In the invention [3] is metal tubular screen that provides further equalization of the current density phase along the length of the electrode (13-20%). The screen enhances the speed of the electrode washing phase flow fluid to be heated, which improves its durability and extend the range of application of the heater.
The disadvantages of the prior art devices is the presence of the drive, additional kinematic constraints, funds thermostat communication connectors, screen orientation, automatic regulation and control, which considerably complicate the structure and increase the value of what is economically feasible for industrial boilers of high voltage used in heating systems in industrial processes.
Practical application of these complex devices known as boiler in closed systems of autonomous heating residential and industrial premises, country houses, cottages, garages, workshops, change houses, etc. it is not possible and appropriate.
The task to be solved by the invention is to provide a universal auxiliary heating device in which power is controlled without an external drive.
The required technical result is achieved in that in a known electrode heater fluid containing the thermostat, the expansion tank, a switch and a thermally insulated housing is provided with a feed and an upper outlet pipes coaxially sequentially fixed on the dielectric partition wall central phase electrode, a shield metal cylinder and zero cylindrical electrode according to the invention, the screening cylinder through a switch electrically connected with the power supply phase and the central electrode.
The features provided stepwise automatic control of the heater power requirements and, hence, the heating water flow in a predetermined temperature range due to the fact that without the additional metal screen and drive mechanism performs the function of the second auxiliary electrode or parallel phase. It does not deteriorate the main screen function for enhancement of heat transfer and fluid flow to equalize the current density along the central phase of the electrode, the diameter of which is selected from the condition of minimum of the electric current on its surface.
The absence of moving parts will ensure the safety of the heater power supply and adequate protection against electric shock, which expands its technological capabilities.
Each of the essential features required, and their combination is sufficient to achieve the desired technical result, which is the effect of the amount of features of the invention.
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FIG. 1 is a heater section; FIG. 2-scheme of the device.
Case 1 (Fig. 1), a heater capacity of 12 ± 1 L 2 through insulating gasket installed in the grounded housing 3 in which are mounted a feed 4, 5 and the upper drain outlet nozzles 6. The housing 1 is closed by a partition 7, the dielectric mounting, carrier phase central electrode 8 is 20 mm in diameter and coaxially mounted shielding cylinder 9 diameter of 54 mm, connected to a power source through a switch 10 (FIG. 2) and the zero-peripheral electrode 11 is a cylindrical 94 mm diameter. On the partition 7 installed sensor 12 connected to the magnetic actuator 13.
radiators 14 are mounted in a closed heating system (Fig. 2), the convective heat exchangers, and installed at the upper expansion compensation tank 15 of 6 ± 0,5 liters.
Volume 15 serves to collect an additional amount of water formed due to expansion on heating and air and collecting the water released when it is heated in the tap body 1. In the air dissolved water of about 40 mg / l, and when heated to a maximum heating temperature calculated solubility air in the water decreases to about 3 mg / l. Air bubbles float in the water flow and fed to the tank 15 and then to the atmosphere.
Power is provided by an electrode boiler source of industrial frequency voltage up to 1000 V and performed by the "Rules of operation of electrical consumers. M. Energoizdat, section 3.2, 6.1, 1992
The maximum current consumption of 16 A, 220 V 50 Hz power frequency. Power consumption during heating of water up to 90 o C is 3.3 kW. Protection against electric shock is made in accordance with the requirements of GOST 21570.0-87 of class 1 instruments.
Chilled water in the radiator 14 by the gravitational head pressure of 0.2 MPa oblique line enters the housing 1, where it is heated with an electric potential difference available at the zero-phase and 11 8 (or phase 8, 9) electrodes, one of the modes:
- when connected to a power supply phase of the central electrode 8 and 9 neutral screen of water temperature of 30-38 o C;
- when connected to a power source and shielding cylinder 9 is de-energized electrode 8 coolant heating carried out to 63-72 o C temperature;
- connecting in parallel a central phase 8 and the cylindrical electrodes 9 to the power supply, the heating temperature of 86-92 o C.
If there is capacity-phase to electrode 8 and 9 deenergized screen resistive heater has a maximum resistance and a minimum fluid power consumption.
If the central electrode is disconnected from the power source 8 and the cylinder 9 is connected to the water phase of the electrical heating occurs in the annular gap between the cylinders 9 and 11 and is carried inside the cylinder 9 convective heating water.
When connected in parallel, phase electrodes 8 and 9 to the power supply of the heater increases power consumption and decreases the resistivity of the liquid, causing the water temperature increase in the interelectrode gap and generally within the housing 1.
Heated water rises up and flows through the pipe 6 to the radiator 14 where heat is transferred convectively to the environment. The water is cooled and then the cycle repeats. Necessary switch the electrodes 9, 11 are made through the switch 10.
The level of heating water temperature is controlled within a predetermined range sensor 12, which is triggered by signals actuator 13, discretely greater than the line of the heater power by adjusting the energy input.
CLAIM
Electrode fluid heater comprising a thermostat, the expansion tank, a switch and a thermally insulated housing is provided with a feed and an upper outlet pipes coaxially sequentially fixed on the dielectric partition wall central phase electrode, a shield metal cylinder and zero cylindrical electrode, characterized in that the screening cylinder via a switch electrically connected to the power source phase and the central electrode.
print version
Publication date 21.03.2007gg
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