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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2253047
METHOD OF TRANSFORMING ELECTRIC ENERGY TO THERMAL
IN EJECTOR-VORTEX INSTALLATION
The name of the inventor: Mamaev Alexander Nikolaevich (RU)
The name of the patent owner: Mamaev Alexander Nikolaevich (RU)
Address for correspondence: 109652, Moscow, ul. Lublinskaya, 171, ap. 54, A.N. Mamayev
Date of commencement of the patent: 2002.12.04
The invention relates to heating engineering and can be used for heating buildings, heating water in housing and communal services, agriculture and transport. From the steam generator steam is supplied to the nozzle of the jet apparatus, where it is mixed with the cold liquid stream and a two-phase flow is generated with acceleration to supersonic speed. At the output of the mixing chamber, the two-phase flow brakes with the formation of a pressure jump in it with the transfer of the flow after the jump into the liquid flow. The stream is then separated, one part of the stream is sent to the vortex tube heat exchanger, heated and then directed to the replenishment in the electric steam generator. The other part is sent to the nozzle apparatus where the stream is accelerated to a supersonic speed with the formation of a two-phase flow, then it is inhibited with transferring the stream to a liquid, saturated microbubble component. The exit of the nozzle apparatus is connected to the inlet of the swirler, in which a whirling flow is formed, from the swirler, the flow is directed to the vortex tube, in which heat generation and separation of the stream are organized into a hotter and colder component. Further from the vortex tube, the flow is fed to the heat exchanger of the unit for transferring heat to the second circuit and then the cooled liquid stream is directed to the input of the ejector. The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the installation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of heating technology in which it has become possible to organize the heating of a circulating fluid.
A method for converting electric energy into a thermal energy in a vortex heat generator is known , which includes supplying water from a centrifugal pump through an injection pipe to an accelerator which is in the form of a swirler with a cylindrical vortex tube, where heat is generated from the water, a braking device is mounted at the other end of the vortex tube and The subsequent supply of a part of the water back to the inlet to the pump, the other part of the water from the heating system with further return to the inlet to the pump ( patent No. 2045715, IPC F 25 V 29/00 ).
A disadvantage of this invention is the presence of a centrifugal pump as a source of mechanical energy, which has a low conversion factor of electrical energy into mechanical energy - 0.6-0.65, which significantly reduces the efficiency of this unit.
The closest to the described is the method of operation of an ejector fuel assembly , which includes supplying a heated coolant-vapor and a cooled liquid stream to the inlet of the jet apparatus, where they are mixed to form a two-phase flow and accelerate the flow to supersonic speed, forming a seal in the flow, And then supplying a portion of the liquid to the steam boiler, feeding the other part of the stream to the heat-generating grid, with the flow therein flowing up to a rate at which the pressure drops to saturated vapor pressure, and forming a two-phase supersonic flow, forming a pressure shock in which heating occurs Liquid. The stream is then fed to the heat-generating device and further to the inlet of the jet apparatus ( Patent No. 21,27832, IPC F 04 P 5/54 ).
The disadvantage of this technical solution is that it does not fully utilize the kinetic and internal energy of the flow, the flow of the flow from the heat-generating device to the heat-consuming device does not allow to completely remove the thermal energy of the collapse of microscopic vapor-gas bubbles.
The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method by arranging a more optimal process of heat release and heat consumption, which causes an increase in efficiency.
In a known method of converting electric energy into thermal energy in an ejector-vortex installation in which a hot heat carrier-vapor and a cooled liquid stream are mixed in a jet ejector to form a two-phase flow and transfer it to a supersonic regime, with the formation of a pressure shock in the flow and release of heat in it , Converting the flow into a liquid stream, then a portion of the heated liquid stream is directed to the electric steam generator and the other part to the nozzle apparatus where the stream is converted to a two-phase flow, accelerated to supersonic speed, a pressure shock is generated and transferred to a liquid stream filled with microbubbles of steam with additional heating of the stream , The new is that the stream is then fed to a swirler, from which a liquid stream saturated with a microbubble component is sent to the vortex tube where the bubbles burst, with the release of thermal energy, then the flow from the vortex tube is directed to a heat exchanger in which Heat removal and transfer to the consumer, while another part of the stream from the ejector is directed to the vortex tube heat exchanger, which heats the flow from the hotter outer layers of the vortex flow in the vortex tube, then this heated part of the stream is fed to the electric steam generator.
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It is important that the use of the ejector as a pump to organize the vortex flow in the vortex tube and the heating of the liquid flow made it possible to abandon the mechanical drive - the centrifugal pump, which, first, increased the efficiency of the installation, and, secondly, considerably simplified Construction. It is also important that this design allows not only to organize the circulation of the flow, but also to give the flow returned to the electric steam generator the additional heat energy released in the vortex tube, and, consequently, to increase the efficiency of the entire installation. The essence of the invention is explained with the attached drawing. The ejector-vortex plant for implementing the method comprises an electric steam generator 1, an ejector 2, a nozzle apparatus 3, a swirler 4, a vortex tube 5, a heat exchange tube 6, a consumer heat exchanger 7. |
The electric steam generator 1 is connected to the input to the ejector 2 by its output, the ejector 2 is connected to the inlet to the nozzle apparatus 3 in one outlet, the outlet of the nozzle device is connected to the inlet of the swirler 4, which is connected to the vortex tube 5. The vortex tube is connected to the input to the heat exchanger of the consumer 7 , The output of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet to the ejector 2. In another output, the ejector 2 is connected to the inlet to the heat exchange tube 6, the output of which is connected to the steam generator 1. The installation operates as follows. Steam from the electric steam generator 1 enters the nozzle of the ejector 2, where it mixes with the cooled liquid stream, accelerates to form a two-phase mixture. The two-phase flow is converted into a supersonic flow, in which a pressure jump is organized with the conversion of a two-phase flow into a single-phase flow. With the increase in pressure, liquid is restructured, which leads to the release of heat. From the ejector 2 part of the stream is directed to the nozzle apparatus 3, in which the liquid stream is accelerated to a speed at which the pressure drops to the saturation pressure, while the flow boils, turns into a two-phase flow with a transition to a supersonic regime. In the supersonic flow, a pressure jump is formed with the transition of a two-phase flow into a liquid stream filled with a microbubble component. The shape and dimensions of the nozzle are selected in such a way that they allow increasing the vapor-gas content of the stream. In the shock, the flow is further heated. Then the stream is directed to the swirler 4. In the field of a swirling flow, the nature of the distribution of velocity, pressure, and enthalpy determines the energy transfer between the layers of a swirling flow with vortex temperature separation. The process of rearranging the velocity field with decreasing the circumferential velocity of the internal flow promotes the removal of kinetic energy from it to the outer layers with large values of the circumferential velocity. As a result of this effect, the outer layers are heated and the internal layers are cooled. In addition, in accordance with the nature of the distribution of pressure in the vortex flow, the intensity of collapse of the microbubble component is higher at the point of higher pressure, i.e. At the outer layers. Thus, a temperature field is created in the vortex tube. Further from the vortex tube, the stream enters the heat exchanger 7, which ensures heat removal and transmission to the consumer through the secondary circuit. The coolant in the secondary circuit can be gas or liquid.
The other part of the stream from the jet device 2 is fed into the heat exchange tube 6, heated from the hot walls of the vortex tube and, with higher pressures and temperatures, sent to the electric steam generator 1 for recharge.
The proposed method of operation of the plant can be used for autonomous heating of various rooms, buildings, where there is no centralized heating, or instead of centralized, and for hot domestic and technical water supply.
CLAIM
A method for converting electrical energy into thermal energy in an ejector-vortex plant in which a hot heat carrier is mixed in an ejector-a steam and a cooled liquid stream with the formation of a two-phase flow and transferring it to a supersonic regime, with the formation of a pressure shock in the flow and the release of heat in it, Flow into the liquid stream, then a part of the heated liquid stream is directed to the electric steam generator and the other part to the nozzle apparatus where the stream is converted to a two-phase flow, accelerated to supersonic speed, a pressure shock is organized and transferred to a liquid stream filled with microbubbles of steam with additional flow heating, Characterized in that the stream is then fed to a swirler, from which a liquid stream saturated with a microbubble component is sent to a vortex tube where bubbles collapse with release of thermal energy, then the stream is directed from the vortex tube to a heat exchanger in which heat is removed and transferred And another part of the stream from the ejector is sent to a vortex tube heat exchanger in which the stream from the hotter layers of the vortex flow in the vortex tube is heated, then this heated portion of the stream is fed to the electric steam generator.
print version
Date of publication 07.12.2006гг
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