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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2188366
THERMAL GENERATOR MECHANICAL FOR HEATING WATER AND HEATING BUILDINGS
The name of the inventor: Nazyrova Natalia Ivanovna; Leonov Mikhail Pavlovich
The name of the patent holder: Natalia N. Nazirova; Leonov Mikhail Pavlovich
Address for correspondence: 680000, Khabarovsk, ul. Zaparina, 49, ap. 7, to MP Leonov
Date of commencement of the patent: 2001.01.03
The invention relates to heating engineering and can be used for heating residential and industrial premises and hot water supply. The essence of the invention consists in the fact that in a heat generator containing a container, a supply and outlet pipes, a heat exchanger and a water heater, a heat exchanger which is simultaneously a quenching agent for the circular motion of water, is a perforated casing, and the water heater consists of discs, diaphragms, Installed on the top cover of the discharge nozzle, provided with an internal screw of Archimedes, a lower cover, a flange that moves into the shaft, and tightening rods, the disks consisting of separate teardrop segments separated from each other by channels whose surfaces are built in the involute, and between the outer and inner Parts of segments joined together by stiffeners, a cavity is formed that has exits to the outer side of the disc and into the channel between the segments. This performance of the heat generator increases the efficiency of water heating without the use of a circulating pump, increases the reliability and durability of the structure.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to heating engineering and in particular to devices for heating water and can be used in heating systems of buildings and structures and for heating water for industrial and domestic needs.
Known are the devices of heat pumps that use changes in the physico-mechanical parameters of water, in particular pressure, volume and velocity, to produce thermal energy.
For example, a heat pump by a.s. 458691. But its drawback is a very high working pressure up to 1000 atm, developed in the housing, which requires increased strength of the hull parts of the plant, shut-off valves, etc., which leads to considerable material costs and is dangerous for heating residential premises.
As a prototype, "Heat generator and liquid heating device", patent 2,045,715, consisting of a heat generator including liquid flow accelerators - bypass pipe and cyclone, braking devices, and a network pump with injection nozzle was chosen. The disadvantages of the prototype are the cavitation principle of water heating, which reduces the service life of the device, since cavitation destroys the elements of the structure; Complexity of the design - the presence of two separate units - a heat generator and a pump; Decrease in efficiency at increase in capacity of the device.
The object of the invention is to provide efficient water heating without the use of traditional coolants, simplify the design, provide a high efficiency, reduce energy costs, improve performance - reliability and durability.
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In Fig. 1 shows the general view of the heat generator; In Fig. 2 shows the water heater; In Fig. 3 shows the disk; In Fig. 4 shows the segment.
The mechanical heat generator consists of a container 1 (FIG. 1) comprising a supply pipe 2 for supplying cold water and separating it from the hot one, an outlet pipe 3 for withdrawing hot water, a heat exchanger 4 in which a water heater 5 is placed, supported by the bearing unit 6 and driven Rotation through the coupling 7 by a high-speed electric motor 8.
The water heater 5 (Fig.2) placed in the heat exchanger 4, which is simultaneously a damper for the circular motion of water and constituting the perforated casing, consists of disks 9, the diaphragms 10 installed between them, the upper cover 11 and the pumping nozzle 12 fitted thereon, provided with an internal screw Archimedes, the lower cover 13, the flange 14, which passes into the shaft 15, the tightening rods 16.
The disc 9 (figure 3) having a diameter "D" and a height "c", in the central part of which there is a cylindrical cavity of diameter "d", consists of equal segments 17 of a teardrop shape, between which the whole "height" of the disk 9 is provided Channels 18 for the passage of water, the surfaces of which are built on the involute.
In each segment 17 (Figure 4), consisting of interconnected stiffeners 19 of the inner part 20 and outer parts 21, holes 22 (Fig.3, 4) for the tightening rods 16 are provided, a and a cavity 23 where a vacuum is formed at Discharge of water through the outlet 24 to the outside of the disc 9 and through the outlets 25 to the duct 18.
The output 24 and the outputs 25, a and the channel 18 in its output part are designed to eliminate the phenomenon of cavitation at an angle of 45 ° (Fig.3, 4).
The heat generator works as follows. When the water heater 5 is rotated through the coupling 7 by the high-speed electric motor 8, cold water, forcibly coming from the supply pipe 2 through the delivery branch pipe 12 into the central cavity of the components of the water heater 5 of the disks 9, under the action of a centrifugal force, leaves both from the central cavity of the disk 9 through the channels 18 to the heat exchanger 4 and from the cavity 23 through the outlets 24 and 25, with a vacuum formed in the cavity 23.
In the channels 18, at the boundaries of the high-pressure and vacuum zones, according to a known phenomenon occurring in adiabatic processes, the local temperature in the bordering regions of the zones reaches 10,000 ° C, which leads to the heating of the water at the time it leaves the channels 18 in the heat exchanger 4 to 100 O С and above.
Passing through the perforation and the open upper part of the heat exchanger 4, hot water through the outlet pipe 3 enters the hot water supply or heating system.
The most efficient heating of water is carried out at a ratio of the diameter "D" of the disc 9 (figure 3) to the diameter "d" of the inner cavity of the disc 9 as 3: 1 and the height "c" of the disc 9 (Fig. 3), 10-15% of Of the diameter "D" of the disc 9, with three segments 17 in the disc 9, with one outlet 24 (Figure 4) on the outer side of the disc 9 and the three outlets 25 (Figure 4) into the channel 18, and the linear speed of the points on the outer The side of the disc 9, within 95-110 m / s.
The power of the heat generator can be changed by an additional setting of the disks 9 and the diaphragms or by changing the speed of the motor 8.
The heat generator can be either horizontal or vertical, with the top or bottom location of the motor 8.
The excess water pressure in the tank 1 created by the water heater allows the heat generator to perform the functions of the circulation pump.
Advantages of the proposed heat generator is the simplicity of the design, consisting of one unit and eliminating the need for a pump that compresses the working medium, since compression is provided by the very design of the water heater; Reduction in the possibility of destruction of structural parts, i.e., the service life of the device is increased, because the phenomenon of cavitation is eliminated by performing water outlets from segments and disks at an angle of 45 ° ; Simplification of the design, achieved due to the lack of acceleration and braking devices, since the necessary pressure, speed and temperature are created directly in the water heater.
In accordance with the essence of the invention, a heat generator with a motor speed of up to 10,000 rpm is manufactured. In this case, the water heater consists of 5 disks with a diameter "D" of 210 mm, a diameter "d" of a cylindrical cavity of 70 mm and a height "c" of 30 mm, each of which is provided with three segments having four outlets from the cavity where a vacuum is formed, With a channel width between the disks in a perpendicular section of 2 mm. The diameter of the holes of the perforation of the heat exchanger is 3 mm. The water temperature at the outlet is up to 100 o C, the output power is 3 kW, the power consumption is 1 kW.
CLAIM
The heat generator is mechanical, containing a container, a supply and an outlet pipe, a heat exchanger and a water heater, characterized in that the heat exchanger, which is simultaneously a quenching device for circular movement of water, is a perforated casing, and the water heater consists of discs, diaphragms installed between them, a top cover mounted on the upper The cover of the discharge nozzle, equipped with an internal screw of Archimedes, a lower cover, a flange that moves into the shaft, and tightening rods, the disks consisting of separate teardrop segments separated from each other by channels whose surfaces are built on the involute, and between the outer and inner parts of the segments, Connected with each other by stiffeners, a cavity is formed, having outlets on the outer side of the disc and in the channel between the segments.
The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the water heater is supported by a bearing assembly and rotated through a clutch by an electric motor, the assembly can be horizontal, vertical, with an upper or lower motor arrangement.
The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the power of the heat generator is controlled by changing the number of installed disks and diaphragms or by changing the number of revolutions of the electric motor.
print version
Date of publication 08.12.2006гг
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