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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2197688

Heat-generator for heating liquids

Name of the inventor: Rukavishnikov VA .; Tarchevsky EP .; Alexandrov MP
The name of the patentee: Limited Liability Company "Grid"
Address for correspondence: 121609, Moscow, Autumn Boulevard, 11, (609 post office), "Patent Law Firm VIS" (Iskh.№ 01-117 (0226-04)
Starting date of the patent: 2001.06.09

The invention relates to the field of power engineering. The heat generator includes means for supplying fluid, the housing and disposed in the housing, at least one means for accelerating fluid flow formed as a paddle wheel mounted for rotation under the action of the actuator, and at least one means for braking the motion of the fluid It formed as a paddle member disposed near the impeller to form a gap between the blades. These blades are formed by radial grooves formed on the end surface of the impeller vane and the member respectively. The blade member is fixedly mounted in the housing, and the radial grooves formed on the end surface of the impeller and the vane member, arranged at angles to the radius of the circle bounding the outer ends of the slots and drawn through the intersection point of the outer end of the respective slot and said circumference. In the particular case of the invention, the impeller may be mounted for adjusting the gap between the end faces of the impeller and the vane member, and means for feeding fluid may be a screw member. The invention improves the efficiency, stability and controllability of the fluid heating process, and improve a utilization efficiency and driving power.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of power engineering and can be used for heating and hot water supply systems of buildings, vehicles, in particular in response to accidents caused by failures in the devices of the central heating and hot water systems, the invention and can be used for heating viscous liquids at their pumping through pipelines and for other household needs associated with hot fluid.

A device for converting mechanical energy into heat by changing the physico-mechanical parameters of the working medium, such as pressure and volume (cm. USSR Inventor's Certificate 458591, F 25 B 29/00, 1972), who includes a body in the form of spherical vessel filled with water, with providing compression of working fluid heat exchanger disposed therein, the pump with the electric drive within the housing, the supply and return lines, equipped with shut-off valves, and heat consumer.

The main drawback of the analogue is described a high working pressure in the casing reaches 100 MPa, which complicates the design and impairs the safety of operation.

Known heat source is described in Russian Patent 2045715, F 25 B 29/00, 1995, contains the housing with a cylindrical portion, the fluid flow accelerator comprising a pump for liquid, and an injection inlet connected to a cyclone mounted on one end of the cylindrical portion of the housing. The opposite end of cylindrical housing portion has a bottom with an outlet opening communicating with an outlet of the housing. Inside the cylindrical housing portion established braking device with radially arranged ribs. At this outlet is connected by a bypass duct to the cyclone, and in the area of ​​their connection an optional braking device. When switched on the pump pressure of 0.4-0.6 MPa, a liquid is fed into the injection tube, it accelerates, is twisted in a spiral cyclone and braked on the housing walls of the cylindrical portion and the ribs of the brake device. As a result, pressure and flow rate changes in the liquid is heated and flows into the heat exchangers.

The disadvantage of this is its unstable analog thermal output (i.e., the amount of thermal energy of the heated fluid received per unit of time) which is determined by the useful mechanical power on the motor shaft. Deviations heat output can reach 1.5-2 times in the direction of its increase or decrease in the direction of, and the actual value of load torque of the pump motor depending on the self-aligning high-speed fluid flow channel in the heat generator. These parameters are reproduced by the interaction of three structural elements unregulated: flow channel, the pump and motor. Under these conditions, even small deviations in performance lead to a significant deviation of the load torque and thermal capacity. In case of increase in thermal performance motor runs with congestion, which is unacceptable because of the possibility of overheating of its windings and failure. In case the motor operates with a calorific underload, heat source and produces a desired amount of heat. As with motor underload and overload when load torque from the nominal, reduced efficiency (COP) and the motor load factor.

The closest analog (prototype) is a heat source, comprising means for supplying a fluid body and disposed in the housing, at least one means to accelerate the movement of liquid formed as a paddle wheel mounted for rotation under the action of the actuator, and at as one means for braking the motion of the fluid formed as a vane element and located near the impeller to form a gap between the blades, which are formed by radial grooves formed on the end surface of the impeller and the vane member, respectively (GB 2,239,704 a, cl. F 24 J 3/00, publ. 10.07.1991).

The disadvantage of the prototype is calorific instability.

Thus, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a stable and predictable fluid flow in the device. The technical result achieved in the implementation of the invention is to improve efficiency, stability and controllability of heating a process fluid, but also increase utilization efficiency and driving power.

The design of the heat source, ensuring the achievement of the technical result of the above, in all cases covered by the scope of the legal protection sought, can be characterized by the following combination of essential features.

The heat generator includes means for supplying fluid, the housing and disposed in the housing, at least one means for accelerating fluid flow formed as a paddle wheel mounted for rotation under the action of the actuator, and at least one means for braking the motion of the fluid formed as a vane element and located near the impeller to form a gap between the blades, the blades are formed by radial flight grooves provided on the end surface of the impeller vane and the member respectively. The blade member is fixedly mounted in the housing, and the radial grooves formed on the end surface of the impeller and the vane member, arranged at angles to the radius of the circle bounding the outer ends of the slots and drawn through the intersection point of the outer end of the respective slot and said circumference.

Furthermore, in the particular case of the invention, the impeller may be mounted to adjust the gap between the end faces of the impeller and the vane element.

Furthermore, in the particular case of the invention, the liquid supply means may be a screw member.

In fact, the impellers of hydrodynamic couplings can be used in a device similar to that employed for the transmission of torque between the two shafts (Gavrilenko BA, Hydrodynamic transmission Semichastnov IF: Design, construction and operation - M .: Mechanical engineering. 1980). In conventional hydrodynamic coupling pump and turbine wheels are rotated with a certain slippage with respect to each other. In connection with this, the working fluid is heated, but the heat of combustion is small compared to the magnitude of the transmitted power coupling. Still fixing the turbine wheel (in this case, becoming reactive) turn allows all the mechanical energy of the motor into thermal energy of the heated fluid.

The ability of the invention as defined by the above combination of features, and the possibility of implementing the invention, and assignments can be confirmed by the description of the heat generator construction for heating a liquid constructed in accordance with the claimed invention. The design description explains graphic materials, in which the following.

Heat-generator for heating liquids

Figure 1 - Schematic diagram of the heat source

Figure 2 - Scheme of the blades

Heat source 1 for heating liquids comprising a housing 2, which is a heat-insulated liquid tank divided by a partition 3 to the drain 4 and 5 discharge compartments. The drain compartment 4, an inlet port 6 and in the pressure - outlet 7, which are connected via respectively drain and discharge pipes with at least one heat exchanger (not shown). The body 2 has means to accelerate movement of liquid and to inhibit fluid flow, made in the form of the impeller 8 and the vane member 9, respectively, and constitute two wheels of the hydrodynamic transmission with radial blades 10, representing the edges formed by the grooves 11 at the respective ends 8 impeller (impeller hydrodynamic transmission) and the vane element 9 (jet wheel of the hydrodynamic transmission). The longitudinal axis O 1 O 2 grooves 11 are arranged at an angle = = 0º to the circle radius, the outer ends of the slots limiting, but may be arranged at an angle different from 0 o, including the grooves 11 may be formed so that the blades of the impeller 10 and the vane member will be directed toward each other. Vane member 9 is fixedly secured in the housing 2 and the impeller 8 is set coaxially to it on the shaft 12 of the drive motor 13 for adjusting the clearance A between the end faces of the impeller and the vane member by moving the impeller along the shaft 12. On the shaft 12 is set and the auger 14 disposed in the inner hole of the vane member 9 to form a gap in the liquid passage from the discharge chamber 4 of the housing into the cavity C between the blade member 9 and the impeller 8. The diameter of the circle d, bounding the inner ends of the grooves of the impeller is less than the corresponding diameter d vane element that facilitates fluid flow from the screw 14 through a slot in the cavity C between the vane member and the vane wheel.

Device operates as follows

When the motor 13 receives fluid from the heat exchangers in the discharge chamber 4 of the housing through the opening 6. From the liquid chamber 4 is supplied into the screw grooves 14 and the impeller is accelerated by centrifugal force, it is moved from the center to the periphery, where the flow is twisted and getting into vane grooves element is braked, moving toward the center, and then enters the grooves of the impeller. As a result, the liquid is heated through the gap A and under pressure enters the pressure chamber 5 of the housing and further through the opening 7 and the discharge port, to heat exchangers.

Flow of fluid through the flow channel of the heat generator and the pressure difference between the pressure and drain-bay enclosure depending on the geometrical dimensions of the screw 14. When the heat generator useful mechanical energy is spent on the rotation of the impeller 8, is almost completely transformed into thermal energy of the heated fluid. Therefore, heat output devices can be defined a work load torque on the impeller shaft speed. The value of the load torque is stable, because It depends mainly on the active impeller diameter and can be calculated using known formulas for hydrodynamic transmissions. In addition, the actual value of load torque, within a small range, can be adjusted by changing the size of the gap A with a view to its proximity to the rated torque of the motor.

Thus, the proposed design of the heat source can play the loading of the motor nominal torque, which ensures stable heat output corresponding to the rated power of the motor, with the maximum efficiency.

The above-described structure of the heat generator for heating a liquid constructed in accordance with the claimed invention, proving the feasibility of the invention and the destination achieve the above technical result, but it does not exhaust all possibilities of implementation of the invention described combination of features set forth in the claims.

CLAIM

1. Heat generator comprising means for feeding the liquid body and located in the housing, at least one means for accelerating fluid flow formed as a paddle wheel mounted for rotation under the action of the actuator, and at least one means for brake fluid movement configured as a vane element and located near the impeller to form a gap between the blades, which are formed by radial grooves formed on the end surface of the impeller and the vane member, respectively, characterized in that the blade member is fixedly mounted in the housing, and the radial slots formed on the end surface of the impeller and the vane element arranged at angles to the radius of the circle bounding the outer ends of the slots and drawn through the intersection point of the outer end of the respective slot and said circumference.

Heat generator according to claim 2. 1, characterized in that the side walls are flat radial slots.

3. Heat generator according to one of claims. 1 and 2, characterized in that the impeller is mounted for adjusting the gap between the end faces of the impeller and the vane element.

4. The heat generator according to Claim. 1, characterized in that the means for supplying fluid is a screw element.

print version
Publication date 31.12.2006gg