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THERMAL DEVICES, DEVICES FOR HEATING AIR AND OTHER GAS-FUEL MEDIA AND THEIR APPLICATION
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2078983

AIR HEATER

AIR HEATER

The name of the inventor: Medvedev AP; Koropalov AI; Kugushev VA; Genin V.I.
The name of the patent holder: Open Joint-Stock Company "GAZ"
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1991.04.08

The invention relates to air heaters with forced air circulation for preheating internal combustion engines in order to facilitate their start-up at low temperatures. The air heater comprises a fan 1, a burner 2 and a heat exchanger including a casing 7, a flue installed therein communicating on one side with a burner 2 and consisting of an internal 8 and an outer 9 duct and a gas outlet 10, an air cavity 11 communicating with the burner 2 And an internal 12 and outer 13 air ducts respectively located between the internal 8 and the outer 9 channels of the flue and the external duct 9 of the flue and the hull 7, the air inlet 14 connected to the fan 1 and the air outlet 15 located opposite to Burner 2 side heater. All air from the fan 1 through the pipe 14 enters an air channel (12 or 13), in which the pressure and airflow velocities are equalized, the air is partially heated from the flue walls, and then into the air cavity 11. Then the main part of the air passes in the opposite direction Direction through the other air channel of the heat exchanger, is heated additionally and flows through the air outlet 15 to heat the engine, and a smaller portion of the preheated air flows uniformly from all directions into the combustion tube 3 of the burner 2 for combustion.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to air heaters with forced air circulation for preheating internal combustion engines in order to facilitate their start-up at low temperatures.

An air heater with forced air circulation is known, comprising a fan, a burner and a heat exchanger including a housing, a flue installed therein communicating on one side with a burner and consisting of an inner and an outer channel and a gas outlet, air channels connected in series along the air And communicating with the branch pipes of the supply and discharge of air [1]

This air heater requires at least two fans, which complicates the design and cost of the heater, there is uneven air flow to the burner, it is possible that the flame is blown from the burner in the direction opposite to the direction of air supply to the burner.

The closest to the claimed device in terms of technical essence is an air heater comprising a fan, a burner and a heat exchanger including a casing, a flue installed therein communicating on one side with a burner and consisting of an inner and an outer channel and a gas outlet, an air cavity communicating with Burner and internal and external air ducts located respectively between the inner and outer flue ducts and the flue duct and the hull, the air supply connection connected to the fan and located on the burner side and the air exhaust pipe located on the side of the heater opposite from the burner , Both the air supply branch and the branch pipe are connected to both air channels of the heat exchanger [2]

The disadvantages of the known heater is the following.

When the intake and exhaust pipes (side) for optimal arrangement on the engine are not aligned with the burner, there is a large uneven air flow inside the burner, which worsens the uniformity of the fuel-air mixture, which makes it difficult to start the heater.

The presence of an air nozzle in the burner zone can cause sparks and separate flame tongues to escape from the burner and heat exchanger at unsteady conditions, which reduces the fire safety of the heater.

The part of the gas flue most heated by the combustion products (opposite to the burner wall of the flue gas leaving the internal air channel of the heat exchanger) contacts only a part of the air that has passed through the entire (long) internal air channel of the heat exchanger and, therefore, hot enough, which limits the durability of the heat exchange and the quantity Air-removed heat.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the starting qualities by providing a uniform flow of air to the burner, ensuring fire safety and increasing heat output through the successive passage of air through both air channels of the heat exchanger, and increasing durability by better cooling the hottest walls of the flue.

This is achieved by the fact that in an air preheater containing a fan, a burner and a heat exchanger including a casing, a flue installed therein communicating on one side with a burner and consisting of an internal and external conduits and a gas outlet, an air cavity communicating with the burner and the internal And the outer air ducts respectively located between the inner and outer flue ducts and the flue gas duct and the hull, the air supply connection connected to the fan and the air exhaust pipe located on the side of the heater opposite from the burner, the air supply hose is located on the side, Opposite to the burner, the air channels are connected on one side with one another in succession along the direction of the air movement by the air cavity, and on the other, each one is directly connected to only the branch pipe of the supply or discharge of air. The greatest effect on heat sink is achieved when the air supply connection is connected to the internal air channel, and the air outlet with the external air channel.

The location of the air supply branch from the side opposite to the burner allows to increase the starting qualities by supplying to the burner a uniform air flow, previously passed through the air channel, with velocities and pressures aligned along the channel section, which contributes to the formation of a homogeneous fuel-air mixture, Longevity due to blowing the coolest air of the hottest parts of the flue.

The connection of the air ducts with each other in succession along the air flow by the air cavity, and on the other, each of them communicates directly with the intake or exhaust branch pipe only, increases the heating capacity of the air heater due to heat exchange between the hot gas and air streams, each flowing sequentially along the inner and External channels, respectively, flue and air ducts.

AIR HEATER

The figure shows the scheme of the proposed air heater.

The air heater comprises a fan 1, a burner 2 with a flame tube 3, an ignition plug 4, an injector 5 installed in the end cover 6, a heat exchanger including a housing 7, a flue installed therein in communication with the burner 2 and consisting of an internal 8 and an outer 9 channel And a gas outlet 10, an air cavity 11 communicating with the burner 2 and the inner 12 and outer 13 air ducts respectively located between the internal 8 and the outer 9 duct channels and the outer duct 9 of the flue and the body 7, the fan inlet 14 1 and the branch pipe 15 of the air outlet located on the side of the heater opposite from the burner. The air passages 12 and 13 are connected on one side to each other in series in the direction of the air movement by the air cavity 11, and on the other, directly each is only connected to the supply branch pipe 14 or the air exhaust 15.

AIR HEATER WORKS AS FOLLOWS:

When the heater is activated in the fire tube 3 of the burner 2, the fuel supplied through the injector 5 is mixed with the air and the ignition of the resulting fuel-air mixture by the spark plug 4 is switched off in the steady-state combustion mode.

All air from the fan 1 through the heat exchanger tube 14 enters the air channel (12 or 13) of the heat exchanger, in which the pressure and airflow velocities are equalized, the air is partially heated from the flue walls, and then into the air cavity 11. Further, In the opposite direction through the other air channel of the heat exchanger, is heated additionally and enters through the branch pipe 15 of the air outlet for heating the engine. A smaller part of the preheated air flows evenly from all sides into the flame tube 3 for combustion. The required distribution of air for heating and combustion in this case is carried out by the selected sections. Uniform supply of heated air into the internal cavity of the flame tube 3 of the burner 2 promotes the formation of a homogeneous fuel-air mixture and thereby to increase the reliability of the start-up. The combustion gases generated in the flame tube pass the flue ducts 8 and 9, while heating the air in the air passages 12 and 13 of the heat exchanger, and exit through the pipe 10.

Due to the fact that all the air going to the heating in the proposed construction passes both air channels of the heat exchanger in sequence, the best heat dissipation is provided, and as a consequence, the heating capacity of the heater and its durability increase.

At the same time, the greatest effect on heat dissipation is provided when air is supplied from the fan to the internal air channel of the heat exchanger due to the cold air blowing the hottest parts of the flue.

The air supply from the fan and the removal of heated air through the pipes located and connected to the air cavity of the heat exchanger from the opposite side of the burner ensure that possible sparks and individual flashes of flame from the burner flame tube are extinguished in the air channels of the heat exchanger, increasing the fire safety of the heater.

CLAIM

An air heater comprising a fan, a burner and a heat exchanger including a housing, a flue installed therein communicating on one side with a burner and consisting of an internal and an external duct and a gas outlet, an air cavity communicating with the burner and the internal and external air channels Located respectively between the inner and outer flue ducts and the flue gas duct and the hull, the air supply connection connected to the fan and the air outlet located at the side of the heater opposite from the burner, characterized in that the air supply connection is located on the side opposite to Burners, air ducts are connected on one side with one another in succession along the air flow by an air cavity, and on the other, directly each is connected only with the branch pipe for supply or discharge of air.

2. Air heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the air supply connection is connected to the internal air channel, and the air outlet branch with the external air channel.

print version
Date of publication 25.01.2007gg