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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2072064

Air heaters

Air heaters

Name of the inventor: Vetrov VV .; Mendeleev SL .; Strelyaev SI
The name of the patentee: Tula State Technical University
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1993.03.01

Use: in the field of instrument making to create a comfortable thermal environment. The inventive heating elements formed as conductive coatings, such as conductive enamel, placed directly on the blades of the fan impeller.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to instrument engineering, in particular to electrical appliances, designed to create a comfortable thermal environment in residential and office buildings.

Known heater comprising a fan and rod heaters, arranged at an angle to the axis of the fan [1] However, this device arrangement requires the introduction of special fastening elements of the heating elements (the second ring with fixed needles), and therefore, complicates the structure while maintaining the overall lack of such devices surface undeveloped heat transfer and thus low efficiency.

The electric heater is known [2], wherein in order to increase reliability and efficiency of heat exchange, the heating elements are formed as tubes provided with a spiral belt embodied in tubes.

The air pumped by the fan flows along the inner surfaces of first pipes, and then turned by 270 o, performs lateral airflow that increases the heat transfer surface. A disadvantage of this construction is its complication due to the introduction of additional air turning devices, and a significant drop in the velocity of the heated air stream on the output device and the consequent deterioration of heat transfer to the heated volume of the room.

The desire to improve the heat transfer in this case would require an increase in fan capacity.

In addition to the drawbacks discussed structure can not effectively be used as a purely fan overheating of indoor air in the hot season.

The object of this invention is a simple design with a maximum extend the functionality of the heater due to its efficient use in creating the thermal comfort conditions in the supercooled and superheated in smokers, but also enhance the heat exchange efficiency in the heating mode.

For this purpose, the heater comprising a housing with a motor and impeller blades mounted on the hub via a motor axis, a heating element is in the form of a thin conductive coating, such as an electrically conductive enamel and is placed directly on the impeller blades, forming a resistive hinge. On impeller housed two pairs of metal rings for switching resistive hinge conductive coating with brush current leads placed in the unit. In the case of large surfaces of the blades resistive loops can be interconnected in parallel. For this purpose, the impeller hub between the root chord of the blades and the first pair of rings coated with a conductive coating.

In the case of relatively small blades of resistive loops may be connected in series by applying a conductive poktytiya between root chords of adjacent blades, and also between the first face of the blade and the proximal ring of the first pair and between the back of the last blade ring and the other of the first pair.

The variant of the combination (series-parallel) switching resistive hinge conductive coating blades. In this case, the impeller blades are divided into equal groups according to their number, within which the resistive coating conductive loops connected in series and the groups themselves are connected in parallel between the first pair of rings which are electrically connected to respective rings of the second pair in contact with brush-type current leads.

The proposed technical solution will provide the best heat transfer from the heating element (resistive layer conductive enamel on the rotating blades of the impeller) air space. When this thermal power dissipated in the heating element is assigned a rotational speed of the blades, i.e. the intensity of the heat sink. When you reject the heater unit can perform the functions of the fan, ie creating a moving stream of air for intensification of heat dissipation from the human body surface in an overheated environment.

This device does not require the versatility of its significant complications. It all comes down to the application of a conductive coating on the blades of the impeller and the introduction of brush current leads.

Air heaters

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of part of the heater with cash longitudinal section, and Fig. 2, 3 and 4 are scanning on the outer surface of the impeller hub, respectively, for variants of parallel, serial and serial-parallel connection of resistive hinges conductive coating disposed on the blades of the impeller.

The heater comprises a housing 1 with a motor 2, in which the axis through the hub 3 mounted with blades impeller 4. The front and rear surfaces of the blades 4, including an upper edge, applied electrically conductive coating 5 which forms a loop resistive heating element. Besides on the hub 3 has two pairs of metal rings. The first pair 6 of rings connected together through resistive electrically conductive coating 5 loops connected in parallel (Fig. 2), in series (FIG. 3) or in series-parallel (FIG. 4). Parallel connection of resistive hinges performed by applying a conductive coating on the outer surface of the sleeve 3 between root chords of the front and back sides of the blades 4 and the respective rings 6 (Figure 2). Ensuring reliable electrical contact along the entire chain - the first ring 6 coating 5 on the hub 3 coating on the blade 5 4 5 cover on the hub ring 2 March 6.

Variant serial connection of resistive hinges performed by applying a conductive coating 5 on the outer surface of the sleeve 3 between the adjacent blades 4 (fig. 3). The inclusion of such a daisy chain between the rings 6 is carried out by applying a conductive coating on the sleeve 3 between the root chords of the outer surface of the first blade 4 and the back surface of the blade 4 of the last in a series chain and the respective (low) 6 rings.

Variant series-parallel connection of the resistive loop (Fig. 4) is done by splitting of all the blades 4 of the impeller on the same on their number group and applying a conductive coating 5 between the blades 4 of the group and between the proximal side outer Group blades and their respective rings 6.

The brush body 1 has current conductors 7 which are in contact with the second pair of rings 8 arranged on the sleeve 3 and is electrically connected with the respective rings 6 9 webs.

Device operates as follows

The heater circuit switching mode, the electric motor and the heating element interlocked, ie electrically conductive coating 5 can be connected to the power supply at the non-rotating blades of the impeller 4.

When the motor shaft rotates the brush 2 supplied with power current conductors 7, 8 which, through the ring, and the bridges 9 ring 6 in accordance with the selected one enters the inclusion of an electrically conductive coating 5.

Electric current flows through the conductive resistive hinge cover 5 of the blades 4 (outer-upper surface of the rear-end), wherein the direct conversion of electrical power into heat occurs. The blades of the impeller 4 and heated, rotating rapidly, give off heat to the incoming air flow is mainly due to forced convection, the local intensity of which depends on the line speed.

When switched off the heating element, ie, when power is not supplied to the brush current leads 7, the device works in fan mode.

CLAIM

1. Heater, comprising a housing with an electric motor with impeller blades mounted on the hub via a motor axis and a heating element, characterized in that it is provided with a housing mounted in brush current supplies, fixed to the sleeve by two pairs of metal rings, the impeller is made of heat-resistant dielectric material and the heating element in the form of a thin conductive coating, such as a conductive enamel disposed on blade surfaces to form a resistive hinge, wherein said first pair of rings are interconnected by an electrically conductive coating, and electrically connected to the respective rings of the second pair and the last set with the contact current leads with brush.

2. The heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the resistive coating blades conductive loops are connected in parallel by applying a conductive coating on the hub of the impeller blade between root chords and the first pair of rings.

3. The heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the resistive coating blades conductive loops are connected in series by applying a conductive coating on the impeller hub between root chords and rearmost faces of adjacent blades and between the face and the first blade ring and one of the first pair and between the back of the last blade ring and the other of the first pair.

4. The heater according to claim 1, 2, 3, characterized in that the impeller blades are divided into equal groups according to their number, within which the resistive coating conductive loops connected in series and the groups themselves are connected in parallel.

print version
Publication date 25.01.2007gg