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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2089792

Combined water and air heaters

Combined water and air heaters

Name of the inventor: Radchenko SA .; Thorin SA .; Lebedinsky VG .; Kazennov VS .; Meshkov IK
The name of the patentee: Sergey Radchenko
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1995.05.23

Use: in the various hot water, heating and ventilation devices. The inventive combined water heater and comprises a keeper body housing heating means of the medium, the cold water supply system and hot tap water, air supply and discharge system, a closed container of additional heating elements and additional medium heating medium. The closed container is provided with an additional heating of the medium by a partition dividing the container into two communicating containers, each of which are mounted means of additional heating of the medium, wherein the container has connections for cold water and hot tap water. Combined water and air heater is equipped with a storage tank connected to the casing pipe and the cold water supply pipe from the hot water tap body having means for closing these pipes in the area between the point of attachment to the liner mixer and storage tank. In the bottom of the vessel additional heating medium provided with an opening for connecting a removable tube, which lower opening is situated above the means of pre-heating of the medium, placed at the bottom of the housing. Between the outer surface of the storage tank and the inner surface of its insulation coating disposed channels for passage of heated air and provided with means for adjusting the intensity of air movement.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to energy, sanitary engineering, heating and ventilation systems and systems for hot water and can be used in a variety of hot water, heating and ventilation devices.

Known pumping heat boiler connected to a refrigerator comprising a tank surrounded by the insulating layer, the bottom of which there is a heating element of the heat pump is connected to the refrigerator, but also attaching to transfer energy air, which can optionally be passed through a channel located between the outer tank surface and the inner surface of the outer cylinder casing. a water heater tank assembly and consists of two parts, each of which is connected by one pipe for supplying or removing filling the water tank, and air movement is located inside the cylinder housing channel regulated installed therein a fan, a throttle flap and a lid intended for covering the channel aperture at the top of the outer casing [1]

The disadvantages of this device are:

  • low efficiency of heating the air in contact with the outer surface of the tank due to the small contact area between fin and absence;
  • ability to work only in a capacitive mode, subject to full fill the water tank;
  • accommodation tank plug connection under a layer of thermal insulation makes it difficult to disassemble.

Known apparatus for producing hot air and hot water for sanitary purposes described in [2] Installation for carrying out the process for producing hot air and hot water for sanitary purposes involves placement within a thermally insulated outer jacket insulated housing divided by a partition into two interconnected tanks, combustion chamber, cold water supply system and the outlet of hot water supply and combustion and condensate, finned and neorebrennye tubular heat exchangers, but also the hot air supply cold and removal system and removing the combustion products, which places intake of cold air and removing the products combustion flue fitted to the outside fans. At the bottom of the container body occurs heating water passing through the winding tubes combustion products which then enter the upper container body and provide additional heating of the water coming from the bottom in the container body positioned in the upper container finned tube heat exchanger. Heating of air moving in the space between the outer casing and the partition that separates the air from the combustion takes place during their counter, the heated air is removed at the lowermost portion of the outer jacket and the cold air flows into the upper part.

The disadvantages of this setup are:

the need for fans to remove the products of combustion and propulsion of heated air;

Use the winding tube heat exchangers inside the device and zatrudyanet clean them from contamination;

difficulty in manufacturing and operation;

large size and weight.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed device is a combined water heater and comprising a body housing heating means of the medium, the cold water supply system and exhaust hot air supply and discharge system and an additional element for heating the medium. Element for additional heating of the medium is in the form of a closed container, located in the upper part of the housing and having connections for the supply and exhaust air, and the fittings for filling and draining, the inlet air supply is provided with a bubbling device and an air outlet pipe connected to the means for its processing and distribution. The housing is installed bulkhead connected to its bottom and inner side surfaces and divides it into two communicating with each other at the top of the container, connected, respectively, with a connection for supplying cold water and the drainage pipe and the mixer and further an overflow pipe disposed in said tank with connection for supplying cold water, a mixer connected to the cold water supply system, the overflow and drain pipes which are removable.

Disadvantages of the prototype are:

the need for disassembly and changing line-elements inside the body to convert the combined water heater and the flow of water into the DHW heating mode for the hot water, or vice versa, due to certain operational difficulties;

the ability to generate hot water for heating or fuel supply in only one of the circuits.

These drawbacks are eliminated in the proposed combined water heater and comprising a housing, a casing, means heating medium system supplying cold water and hot water discharge, air inlet and outlet system, a closed container of additional heating elements and additional medium heating medium. The closed container is provided with an additional heating of the medium by a partition dividing the container into two communicating containers, each of which are mounted means of additional heating of the medium, wherein the container has connections for cold water and hot tap water.

Combined water and air heater is equipped with a tank-battery, connected to the housing pipe and the cold water supply pipe from the hot water tap body having means for closing these pipes in the areas between the places of their accession to the liner mixer and storage tank.

In the bottom of the vessel additional heating medium provided with an opening for connecting a removable tube, which lower opening is situated above the means of pre-heating of the medium, placed at the bottom of the housing.

Between the outer surface of the tank and the inner surface akkumulatora covering its insulation disposed channels for passage of heated air and provided with means for adjusting the intensity of air movement.

Figure 1 depicts a combined water heater and in section; Figure 2 and the combined water heater with attached local heating system with natural circulation and hot water systems with storage tank; Figure 3 and the combined water heater with attached two local heating systems with natural circulation; 4 combined with the water heater and attached thereto a hot water system with a storage tank.

The proposed combination of water and the heater housing is prefabricated and consists of an outer vessel 1 and inner vessel 2 divided by a partition 3 communicating between a lower and an upper container 4 container 5. Heating elements 6 accommodated inside an outer tank 1 and a lower container 4 and the upper tank 5 of the inner container 2. The top outer vessel 1 and inner vessel 2 is hermetically closed with a lid 7, on the outer surface of which has outlet 8 for the hot water pipe 9 and intended for supplying water for heating. On the inner surface of the cover 7 has a nozzle 10 that supplies the incoming water through the inlet 9 into the lower vessel 4 inside tank 2.

The outer container 1 has a bottom nozzle 11 for supplying water from the cold water pipe 12 or from the return line of the heating system 13, and the top of the pipe 14 for supplying hot water supply line 15 in the heating system. The inner container 2 has a bottom opening 16 with a sleeve 17 which can be closed by a stopper 18 or to be used for connection thereto of the tube 19. The lower part of the outer tank 1 rests on the frame 20, and connected with a removable outer casing 21 which may be made demountable for the convenience of maintenance and repair in use, where there are gaps between them, provide a free passage below the outside air into the outer casing 21 due to the density difference has warmed in a combined water heater and air and indoor air.

Above the outer casing 21 closes the removable lid 22, which has an opening 23 for connection to the conduit 8, the main duct 24 attached to the inner container 2 of the second heating or hot water pipes 25 and the opening 26 for connection to conduit 9, the return line 13 connected to the inner container 2 second heating system or tube 27, providing the cold water from the tap 12, or cool off in the storage tank 28 of water through the pipe 29.

Holes 23 and 26 may be used to supply air to the room, warmed in the combined water heater and the motion between the outer surface of the housing and the inner surfaces of the outer casing 21 and casing cover 22, and when air heating is not necessary, and the holes 23 or gaps 26 therebetween and the holes passed through the closed insulation tube 30 as shown in Figure 4.

On the walls of the outer container 1 and the lid 7 are ridges 31, increasing the rigidity of the structure and to ensure a more intense heat transfer from the hot outer surface of the body is washed by her to the air. Upper releasable hermetic seal 32 of the outer container 1, inner container 2 and the cover 7, for example, a flange, provides ease of preparation and the combined water heater for operation in different operating modes, decontamination and maintenance.

Electrical and combined water heater, ensuring its safe and reliable operation, not shown.

Connected to the combined water and air heater water heating system includes a supply line 15, the main riser 24, an expansion tank 33, the feed risers 34, heaters 35 and liner 36 to them, return risers 37 and return line 13, and in the place of connection to the system heating water pipe 12 valves installed on it 38 and check valve 39.

Connected to the combined water and air heater hot water system includes a hot water pipe 25 and a pipe 27 for applying to the body of the combined water heater and cold water from the tap 12 or cooling in the storage tank 28 of water through the pipe 29, a mixer 40 with a hot 41 and cold 42 podvodkami thereto, the storage tank 28 with a pipe supplying hot water 43 in the upper part of the storage tank 28 and a water outlet pipe 44 from the bottom of the storage tank 28, and on the tubes 43 and 44 set the blocking and regulating and shutoff armature 45. Moreover, there is an overflow pipe 46 and the drain pipe 47 is provided through the neck 48 on the last installed valves 38. Post-storage tank 28 with the atmosphere of the storage tank 28.

As seen from Figure 4, between the outer surface of the storage tank 28 and the inner surface of insulation 30 are channels 49 for air circulation to ensure its heat for heating the room in the upper and lower parts are mounted means for controlling the air flow rate, for example, a fixed axis 50 on the throttle 51 coated on its surface or heat-insulating coating as a removable insulating member 52 covering the opening 30 in the insulation in case of need to stop circulation of air in the channel 49.

Work combined water heater and is as follows.

1. Heat water and air for heating and hot water supply

In preparing a combined water heater and fill it to work, and attached to it and heating and hot water system as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the tap water 12 in an open shut-off valve 38 on the water pipe 12, the closed shut-off valve 38 on the drain pipe 47 and open shut-off and regulating or shut-off valves 45 in the pipes 43 and 44 to the beginning of the outflow of water from the overflow pipe 46 expansion vessel 33 and storage tank 28, respectively. After that, the shut-off valve 38 on a water pipe 12 is closed. The contours of the heating and hot water supply to each other are not reported, and can operate independently of each other.

Operation of the heating system, the associated supply line 15 to the nozzle 14 and the return line 13 to the nozzle 11, is as follows. The water in the tank, formed in a housing of the combined water and air heater between the inner surface of the outer container 1 and the outer surface of the inner vessel 2 is heated by the heating elements 6, it becomes easier and through tube 14 to the flow line 15 rises through the main duct 24 by the flow line 15 comes to feeding risers 34, falls on them and on the liner 36 enters the heating devices 35, cools them and liner 36, reverse risers 37 and return pipe 13 through the pipe 11 is returned to the combined water and air heater for reheating.

air heating in the rooms is not only from the heaters 35 and pipe heating systems, but also from the inflow into the room through the hole 23 and 26 in the lid 22 of the outer casing 21, the warm air is heated when driving due to the density difference inside the outer casing 21 of the combined water - the heater and heated by the external surfaces of the outer container 1 and the lid 7 of the tank with the means to improve the efficiency of heat exchange, such as the ridge 31. Instead of leaving in the heated air space inside the outer casing 21 from below through the gaps between the frame 20, the outer container 1 and the outer casing 21 receives air from the room, which is heated and returned to the room through the openings 23 and 26 in the lid 22 of the outer casing 21.

Jobs hot water system, attached piping hot water 25 to the connection 8 and a pipe 27 ensuring the supply of cold water from the tap 12 or cooling in the storage tank 28 of water to the nozzle 9, available in several modes, ensuring its high efficiency with maximum satisfaction owner's needs and the ability to use hot water even during periodic shutdowns running water. This is achieved by the design features of the combined water heater and allow its owner to get hot water in the flow or the Accumulation / capacitive / mode, depending on its needs without performing any extensive effort for its changeover.

1.1. The heating of large quantities of water for hot water supply and accumulation mode to a predetermined temperature

After filling the inner container 2 and a combined water heater and the storage tank 28 tap water 12, as described in paragraph 1 above, the isolating valve 38 closed at the water pipe 12, and include heating elements 6 in the inner vessel 2. As a result, the initial heating of water It occurs in the lower vessel 4 inside tank 2, and then it became easier into the upper tank 5 inner container 5 inside the container 2 where reheated and through the pipe 8 through the pipes 25 and 43 into the upper part of the storage tank 28, displacing from it through a cold water pipe 44, 29 and 27 and pipes 9 and 10 into the lower vessel 4 inside tank 2.

This circulation of the heated water inside the reservoir 2 will continue as long as the entire volume of water will not heat up to the temperature set by the consumer / temperature controllers, temperature sensors and other electrical components of the combined water and the heater are not shown /. After reaching this temperature, heating elements 6 are switched off and the user can use the flow through the mixer 40 the hot water from the storage tank 28, which can flow out of it through the pipes 44 and 42 as long as the water level in the storage tank 28 drops to a level the upper opening of the pipe 44.

As seen from the above description, in the case of pre-filling the water storage tank 28, the consumer, and having a combined water heater, hot water can use it in any desired temperature even in the case of interruption in the water supply of the building.

1.2. Water heating for domestic hot water in a flow mode at the cold water inlet of the storage tank

Described above in paragraph 1.1 of hot water for hot water supply and accumulation mode to a predetermined temperature by the consumer requires a significant investment of time for heating the entire volume of water and a fairly large consumption of electrical energy and therefore expedient if all heated in storage tank 28, the water will quickly It consumed by the consumer.

In the case of a small flow of water consumers and unstable supply to the building of cold water from the water it is advisable to fill the storage tank 28, as described in paragraph 1 above, and then close the shut-off valve 38 on a water pipe 12, and locking and regulating or shut-off valve 45 on the pipe 43, leaving open the shut-off and regulating or shut-off valve 45 on the pipe 44. When the consumer will need hot water, it includes heating elements 6 in the inner container 2 and opens the valve of the mixer 40, which regulates the supply of hot water flowing through the pipe 8, the tube 25 and 41 hydrostatic pressure created by the water level in the storage tank 28. Instead of deriving from the inner container 2 through the hot water pipe 8 in its lower tank 4 and nozzles 9 and 10, pipes 27 and 44 is supplied from the cold water storage tank 28 is heated lower heating element 6 in the lower vessel 4 is further heated and upper heating element 6 in the upper container 5 the inner vessel 2, and then supplied to the mixer 40 as shown in Figure 2.

1.3. Water heating for domestic hot water in a flow mode when applying cold water from the tap

heating water for hot water supply mode, the flow of cold water from the feed water pipe 12 is carried out at the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, with a closed shut-off and regulating or shut-off valves 45 in the pipes 43 and 44 open and shut-off valve 38 on a water pipe 12.

Cold water from the water pipe 12 to the pipe 27 via pipes 9 and 10 into the lower vessel 4 inside tank 2 is heated lower heating element 6 and further heated by an upper heating element 6 in the upper tank 5 of the inner container 2, which via a conduit 8 and the pipes 25 and 41 is supplied to the mixer 40.

2. Heat for heating water and air space when attached to a combined water and air heater of two autonomous heating systems

As shown in FIG. 3, the combined water and air heater can be attached at the closed plug 18, nozzle 17, two independent heating system 11 to the manifolds 14 and outer vessel 1 to the manifolds 8 and 9 and the cover 7, respectively. This allows for the possibility of maintaining different heated areas at different temperatures and save the expense of a considerable amount of electricity and heat, especially for heating houses and other buildings in which people are not constantly in all heated premises.

heating system operation, connected supply line 15 to the nozzle 14 and the return line to the fitting 11 of the outer container housing 1, described in paragraph 1 above.

The heating system attached main riser pipe 24 to 8 and the return line 13 to the nozzle 9 can be filled with water through the expansion tank 33 and operates similarly. Coming through the connectors 9 and 10 in the lower vessel 4 inside tank 2 The cooled water from the return pipe 13 of the heating system heats the lower heating element 6 becomes lighter and enters the upper tank 5 which is further heated upper heating element 6 and by the natural circulation pressure on pipe 8 flows into the riser 24.

Concurrently with heating the water circulating in the two independent systems of heating, and a combined water heater and provides air heating, circulating in the space between the inner surface of the outer casing 21 and the casing cover 22 and the outer surface of a heated body, which after heating into the room through the openings 23 26 and as described above in Claim 1.

3. Water heating for domestic hot water in the accumulative and flow regimes

In the summer time, when heating is not necessary, and the second circuit combination water heater and also can be used to heat water for hot water supply, and the most appropriate in this case to use the connection arrangement and hot water system diagram shown in Figure 4 .

Nozzles 9 and 14 in this case, stoppers 18 are closed, the tube 25 is connected to pipe 8 and the tube 27 to the nozzle 11. The holes 23 and 26 in the lid 22 of the outer casing 21 to reduce heat loss to the environment is closed removable insulation 30, and which is mounted and between the outer surface of the housing and the inner surface of the outer casing 21.

The hole 16 and conduit 17 are opened and a combined water heater and operates as a single loop, with two possible admission of heated water from the bottom of the container formed between the inner surface of the outer container body 1 and the outer surface of the inner container 2 in the lower vessel 4 inside tank 2 for additional heating:

as well / tube 18 with the nozzle 17 is removed;

b / plug 18 with the nozzle 17 is removed, and he was joined by a tube 19, a lower opening which is located above the heating elements 6, providing pre-heating of water in the bottom of the case. This embodiment is preferred because in this case, within the outer tank 1 the level of the bottom opening of the tube 19 to the outer surface of the inner container 2 is air, which reduces the time period from the moment when the heating elements 6 to obtain a consumer hot water and makes it the temperature of the initial a period of more stable.

When combined arrangement shown in Figure 4, and water heater provides:

1 / heating large quantities of water for hot water supply and accumulation mode to a predetermined temperature which is carried out as described in paragraph 1.1;

2 / water heating for domestic hot water in a flow mode at the cold water inlet of the storage tank 28, which is carried out as described in paragraph 1.2;

3 / water heating for domestic hot water in a flow mode at the cold water inlet of the water pipe 12, which is carried out as described in paragraph 1.3.

If, in cases 2 and 3, the consumer has been pre-set by a temperature / electrical controller not shown / he needs hot water temperature and pre-enabled, and the combined water heater, the consumer has the opportunity to open the mixer valve 40 immediately use hot water required him temperature, and with minimum power consumption, which is an important advantage in comparison with analogues.

Construction of a combined water and air heater provides a reduced scale formation on the heating elements, especially when operating in hot water mode that allows you to enhance their technical and operational characteristics. Reducing scaling is achieved in that the heating elements providing hot water for hot water supply, arranged in series along the water and at different heights, so they work in a different temperature range and scale on the heating elements, providing preliminary heating of water is formed to a much lesser extent.

An important advantage of combined water heater and is able to use it for accumulative flow and heating water for hot water supply without any retooling that allows the user in each case heated to the desired temperature it is only the amount of water that it needs. This greatly improves the technical and economic characteristics of the combined water and air heater, as it allows the user at any time have the right amount of hot water, spending its heating minimum possible amount of power.

The advantages of the proposed combination of water and air heater are:

1 / multi-functionality, which allows the different needs of customers using the same device;

2 / the use of heating and hot water systems with natural circulation of heated water;

3 / the ability to quickly start working heating and hot water systems, which allows for significant savings in fuel and energy resources;

4 / reduced scale formation on the heating elements;

5 / presence of a number of energy-saving modes;

6 / opportunity to use without readjustment of Accumulation or instantaneous hot water at any time and have the right amount of hot water, spending its heating minimum possible amount of electricity or fuel;

7 / Can be used as single-circuit or two-circuit heater for heating and hot water systems;

8 / ability to use a variety of coolants;

9 / maximum use in all operating modes of the natural circulation pressure, which saves energy and ensure reliability in operation;

10 / speed and convenience of provisioning and translation in any of the required operating conditions, and in the transport position;

11 / the ability to provide reliable and economical heating system and hot water supply in virtually any environment, including the cases of interruptions in the supply of tap water or the lack of running water.

Thus, the combined water and air heater design allows different modes of operation at constant base module with minimal changeover. This allows you to successfully meet the diverse needs of people and significantly reduce material and labor costs in comparison with the manufacture and operation of the known analogues.

The proposed combination of water and air heater can be used at home and at work and to ensure a more comfortable living conditions for the general population, substantial savings of energy resources, reducing the size and improving the reliability of devices and installations microclimate conditioning systems, heating and hot water, and more efficient use of industrial, administrative and residential areas, especially in residential buildings and objects, where the problem is most acute.

Tests made prototypes of combined water and air heaters have shown their high efficiency.

CLAIM

1. A combined water heater and comprising a body housing heating means of the medium, the cold water supply system and hot water discharge, air inlet and outlet system, a closed container of additional heating elements and additional medium heating medium, characterized in that the additional closed container heating medium is provided with a partition dividing the container into two communicating containers, each of which are mounted means of additional heating of the medium, wherein the container has connections for cold water and hot tap water.

And 2. Water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a battery bank connected to the casing pipe and the cold water supply pipe of the hot water outlet casing having a means for closing these tubes in the area between their places of attachment to the liner mixer and storage tank.

And 3. Water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the tank for additional heating of the medium is a hole for detachable connection of pipes, the bottom opening of which is located above the medium preheating means placed in the lower part of the housing.

And 4. Water heater according to claim 2, characterized in that between the outer surface of the storage tank and the inner surface of its insulation coating disposed channels for passage of heated air and provided with means for controlling the air flow rate.

print version
Publication date 25.01.2007gg