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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2290575
INSTALLATION FOR COOLING AND HEATING AIR
The name of the inventor: Prilepo Yuri Petrovich (RU); Prilepo Yegor Yuryevich
The name of the patent holder: Prilepo Yuri Petrovich (RU); Prilepo Yegor Yuryevich
Address for correspondence: 142531, Moscow Region, Elektrogorsk, ul. Krzhizhanovskogo, 27, ap. 15, Yu.P. Prilepo
Date of commencement of the patent: 2005.04.28
The invention relates to air conditioning systems in salons and cabins of passenger or freight vehicles. The unit for cooling and heating the air contains a block of thermoelectric batteries with a power source and channels for the flow of the heat transfer fluid from the hot and cold heat transfer side. Heat transitions are connected to closed circuits of circulation of hot and cold coolants. The coolant circulation circuit includes a radiator-air cooler and a first circulation pump. The hot-water circulation circuit includes a radiator-heater and a second circulation pump. The radiator-heater and the radiator-cooler are equipped with fans for blowing through them, respectively, the heated and cooled air. A block of thermoelectric batteries is installed in the body with the formation of two equal in volume cavities. Heat transfer radiators are installed on cold and hot heat transitions, the packing factor of which is at least 1000 m 2 / m 3 . As a result, the design is simplified, weight and overall dimensions are improved, operating costs are reduced, and environmental safety is improved when operating the plant.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to air conditioning systems in salons and cabins of passenger or freight vehicles and can be used in refrigeration engineering.
There are known domestic and foreign automotive air conditioners that provide cooling and heating of air and are structurally composed of a compressor with an electromagnetic clutch, a condenser with an electric fan, a receiver-dryer, a climate unit, branch pipes and hoses connecting separate parts of the installation, sensors and electronic control devices, Compressor is carried out by a drive belt from the engine of the car through an electromagnetic coupling (see STTepanov et al., Automobile air conditioners., Moscow, "Legion-Avtodata", 2001, p.6-18).
However, this air conditioner has a relatively high power consumption, since the compressor takes from the engine from 1.1 to 3.7 kW of power. In addition, this air conditioner has high requirements for the tightness of the refrigerant circuit, and the latter are ecologically harmful fluorine-chlorine-containing refrigerants.
The plants that use the Peltier thermoelectric effect, for example, installations for cooling or heating the air in a closed space, and also for processing air streams delivered to the vehicle salons are more simple and environmentally safe.
The construction of a thermoelectric air conditioner comprising a casing divided into channels of main and auxiliary airflow by a partition is known, thermo batteries, some of which are located on the side of the main air flow channel, and others are on the side of the auxiliary air flow channel, and the fans installed in each of these channels Having inlet and outlet openings. The outlet openings of the channels are located at opposite ends of the casing and are directed in opposite directions, the end walls of each of the channels opposite to the outlet holes being convex toward these openings, the inlet openings of these channels being formed on their sidewalls, and the outlet openings communicating with Fans (see patent RU No. 2029687, class B 60 N 3/00, 27.02.1995).
However, despite the simplicity of the design of this air conditioner, its main disadvantage is the low thermal efficiency of the cold and hot heat transfer and the presence in the cooled air duct of the fan which generates heat during the operation, which heats the cooled air and, thereby, reduces the efficiency of the air conditioner.
The closest in terms of technical essence and achieved result is a thermoelectric air conditioner containing a block of thermoelectric batteries with a power supply unit of a thermoelectric battery pack and channels for the flow of a liquid coolant from the side of hot and cold heat transitions, each of which is connected, respectively, to a closed loop of circulation of hot and cold coolants , Wherein the coolant circulation circuit includes an air cooler and a first circulation pump, and the hot-water circulation circuit includes a heat radiator and a second circulation pump, the inlet of the latter being connected to the outlet of the heat-transfer fluid channel from the hot heat transfer side of the thermoelectric battery unit, the output of the second The circulation pump is connected to the hot-coolant inlet to the radiator-heater, and the hot-coolant outlet from the radiator-heater is connected to the inlet to the heat-transfer channel channel from the hot heat transfer side of the thermoelectric battery block, the radiator-heater and the radiator-cooler are equipped with fans for purging through Respectively, of the heated and cooled air (see Fig. Patent RU №2129492, cl. 60 H 3/00, 27/04/1999).
However, this air conditioner requires the installation in the car or other vehicle of an additional heat sink with a fan and specially designed air ducts. The use of the channels for the flow of the liquid coolant both from the side of the heat-releasing (hot) and from the side of the heat-absorbing (cold) heat transitions (junctions) of the thermoelectric batteries does not solve until the end the problem of intensifying the heat transfer of the heat through the junctions, taking into account the high density of heat fluxes at the junctions reaching Depending on the working height of the branches of thermoelectric batteries of units and tens of W / cm 2 . Such density of heat fluxes can be diverted by forced convection of water moving in the channel with a velocity of at least 4 m / s. However, this requires considerable energy costs for pumping the coolant (see Ivanov, OA, Cooling of the Radar Equipment, Moscow, Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Defense, 1975, p. 23).
The technical result, to which the invention is directed, is the simplification of the design, the improvement of weight and overall characteristics, the reduction of operating costs, and the enhancement of environmental safety in the operation of the plant for cooling and heating air.
This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the apparatus for cooling and heating the air contains a block of thermoelectric batteries with a power supply unit of the thermoelectric battery pack and channels for the flow of the heat transfer fluid from the side of hot and cold heat transitions, each of which is connected respectively to a closed loop of hot circulation And coolant coolant circuit, the coolant circulation circuit includes an air cooler and a first circulation pump, and the hot-water circulation circuit includes a radiator-heater and a second circulation pump, the input of the latter being connected to the outlet of the heat-transfer fluid channel from the side of the hot heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery unit , The output of the second circulation pump is connected to the input of the hot coolant into the radiator-heater, and the output of the hot coolant from the radiator-heater is connected to the inlet to the heat-transfer channel channel from the hot heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery block, while the radiator-heater and the radiator-cooler are equipped with fans For blowing through them respectively the heated and cooled air, the input of the first circulation pump being connected to the outlet of the coolant flow channel from the side of cold heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery block, the output of the first circulation pump is connected to the coolant coolant inlet into the radiator-cooler, and the output of the cold coolant From the radiator-cooler is connected to the inlet to the channel of the coolant flow channel from the side of cold heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery block, the thermoelectric battery block is installed in the housing, the inner volume of which is divided into two equal volumes of the cavity with the formation of a channel for the hot And cold coolant, while heat and exchange radiators are installed on cold and hot heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery block, the packing factor of which is not less than 1000 m 2 / m 3 .
As a power source of the block of thermoelectric batteries, an automotive power generator can be used.
The power supply of the thermoelectric battery pack can be equipped with a current stabilizer included in the circuit of an automotive power generator.
As shown by the studies, the organization of the heat removal process from hot and cold heat transitions has a significant effect on the operation of the unit. It was found that the installation of a block of thermoelectric batteries in the housing, the internal volume of which the thermoelectric battery block divides into two equal in volume cavities with the formation of the latter, respectively, the channel for the flow of hot and cold coolant, with the installation on the cold and hot heat transitions of the block of thermoelectric batteries of heat exchange radiators , The packing ratio of which is not less than 1000 m 2 / m 3 , and the organization of two circuits for the circulation of the heat-transfer fluid makes it possible to efficiently remove the heat of heat transfer, and it was found that the heat-exchange radiator packing factor, i.e. The ratio of the heat exchange surface to the total volume of the radiator must be at least 1000 m 2 / m 3 . As such a radiator, a radiator with a mesh or spherical packing can be used, the packing ratio of which is from 1150 to 6857 m 2 / m 3 , or a plate-fin heat radiator with a packing factor of 600 to 1840 m 2 / m 3 (see Fig. VMKayes, ALLondon, Compact heat exchangers, Moscow-Leningrad, Gosenergoizdat, 1962).
The figure shows a diagram of an installation for cooling and heating air.
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The installation contains:
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An installation for cooling or heating air contains closed circuits for circulating cold and hot heat transfer media, for example water or antifreeze. The cold coolant circulation circuit includes the air cooler 7 and the circulation pump 6. The inlet of the latter is connected to the outlet of the coolant flow channel from the side of the cold heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery block 3. The output of the circulation pump 6 is connected to the coolant coolant inlet to the radiator-cooler 7, and the outlet Cool coolant from radiator-cooler 7 is connected to the inlet to the channel of the coolant flow channel from the side of cold heat transitions of the block of thermoelectric batteries 3. The circuit of the hot heat carrier circulation includes the radiator-heater 12 and the circulation pump 11, the input of the latter connected to the outlet of the coolant flow channel from the side Hot heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery block 3. The output of the circulation pump 11 is connected to the hot-coolant inlet to the radiator-heater 12 and the hot-coolant outlet from the radiator-heater 12 is connected to the entrance to the heat-transfer channel channel from the hot heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery block 3. The radiator- The heater 12 and radiator-cooler 7 are equipped with fans, respectively, 13 and 8 for blowing through them, respectively, the heated and cooled air. The block of thermoelectric batteries 3 is installed in the housing, the inner volume of which is divided by a block of thermoelectric batteries 3 into two cavities of equal volume, with the latter forming, respectively, a channel for the flow of hot and cold coolant. Heat transfer radiators, respectively, 4 and 9, with a packing factor of at least 1000 m 2 / m 3 , are installed on cold and hot heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery block.
As a power source of the block of thermoelectric batteries, an automotive power generator 1 can be used.
The power supply of the thermoelectric battery unit may be provided with a current regulator 2 included in the circuit of the automotive power generator 1 and a control unit 14.
There is an installation for cooling or heating air in a closed volume or flow as follows.
With the engine running, the vehicle generator 1 generates an electric current that is regulated by the current regulator 2 and from which the thermoelectric battery pack 3 is supplied. As a result of the Peltier effect, when the current flows on one side of the thermoelectric battery bank 3, heat (cold junctions) is absorbed, Thermoelectric batteries 3, heat is released equal to the sum of the heat absorbed in cold junctions and the current consumed by the unit of thermoelectric batteries 3 of the electric power of direct current. The power supply of the circulation pumps 6 and 11 and the fans 8 and 13 is also provided by the car generator 1. By the current stabilizer 2, the supply current of the thermoelectric battery block 3 and its "pole" can be set, providing the modes: "heating", "ventilation", "moderate cooling" , "Strong cooling", depending on the ambient temperature.
The heat-releasing (hot) junctions of the block of thermoelectric batteries 3 are in thermal contact with the heat exchange radiator 9, forming a hot heat transfer. In this case, the housing cavity in which the radiator 9 is installed is connected in series with the hoses 10 to the circulation pump 11 and the radiator-heater 12. When the coolant circulates through the closed circuit, the heat from the heat-releasing (hot) junctions is transferred to the radiator-heater 12, Air generated by the fan 13, the heat is diverted to the external environment or to the heating of the car interior. Control of temperature conditions (creating a microclimate) can be carried out by means of instruments and sensors, for example, thermometers and flowmeters, and control of the flow of air by means of dampers controlled by the control unit 14, the installation.
The air taken from the environment or from the vehicle interior during the operation of the unit (air conditioner) in the recirculation mode, the electric fan 8 is run through the radiator-cooler 7, where it transfers heat to the cold heat carrier and the cooled one enters the vehicle's interior. The heat flow lost by the heat carrier is absorbed by the cold junctions of the thermoelectric battery block 3.
Calculations show that the use of an autogenerator G 263 (S.V. Akimov, A.V. Akimov, Automobile generator sets, Moscow, Transport, 1995, p.39, table 8) will ensure the functioning of the unit with a cooling capacity of 1500 W at a temperature Ambient air at 42 ° C. The air flow to the cabin of the vehicle with a temperature of 28 ° C will be 0.1 m 3 / s. Changing the polarity of the supply current of the thermoelectric battery block 3 allows you to swap the circuits of the circulation of hot and cold coolants. Thus, the application of the proposed installation allows to solve the problem of maintaining a comfortable microclimate in the cabin of the vehicle or other closed volume at different times of the year. The use of heat exchange radiators with a high packing ratio makes it possible to obtain acceptable weight and overall characteristics of the plant for cooling and heating the air. The transition to solid-state cooling simplifies the operation of the plant and ensures its environmental safety.
CLAIM
1. An apparatus for cooling and heating air comprising a block of thermoelectric batteries with a power supply unit of the thermoelectric battery bank and channels for the flow of heat transfer fluid from the hot and cold heat transfer side, each of which is connected, respectively, to a closed loop of hot and cold coolant circulation, The coolant circulation includes an air cooler and a first circulation pump, and the hot circulation circuit includes a heat radiator and a second circulation pump, the inlet of the latter being connected to the outlet of the heat medium flow channel from the hot heat transfer side of the thermoelectric battery unit, the output of the second circulation pump is connected To the input of the hot coolant into the radiator-heater, and the output of the hot coolant from the radiator-heater is connected to the inlet to the channel of the heat-transfer fluid channel from the side of the hot heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery block, while the radiator-heater and radiator-cooler are equipped with fans for blowing through them, respectively , Heated and cooled air, characterized in that the input of the first circulation pump is connected to the outlet of the coolant flow channel from the side of cold heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery block, the output of the first circulation pump is connected to the coolant coolant inlet into the radiator-cooler, and the coolant outlet from the radiator- Cooler is connected to the entrance to the channel of the coolant flow channel from the side of cold heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery block, the thermoelectric battery block is installed in the casing, the internal volume of which is divided by a thermoelectric battery block into two cavities equal in volume, forming, respectively, a channel for hot and cold coolant flow, Heat-exchange radiators with a packing factor of at least 1000 m 2 / m 3 are installed on the cold and hot heat transitions of the thermoelectric battery block.
2. The plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric power generator is used as the power source of the thermoelectric battery pack.
3. An installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply of the thermoelectric battery unit is provided with a current stabilizer included in the circuit of an automobile power generator.
print version
Date of publication 29.01.2007gg
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