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THERMAL DEVICES, DEVICES FOR HEATING AIR AND OTHER GAS-FUEL MEDIA AND THEIR APPLICATION
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2126942

THERMAL GENERATOR

THERMAL GENERATOR

The name of the inventor: Deinezhenko VI; Naumeiko AV; Gofman MS; Blyakher IG; Semenov V.A.
The name of the patent holder: Naumeyko Anatoly Vasilyevich
Address for correspondence: 620086, Ekaterinburg, ul.Posadskaya, 52-23 Gofmanu Mikhail Samuilovich
Date of commencement of the patent: 1997.04.24

The invention is intended. For heating air in air heating systems for domestic and industrial premises. The heat generator is equipped with flat channels installed in the housing, connected to gas distribution heads, one of which is connected to a smoke channel and the other to an exhaust pipe. The inner surface of the smoke channel is provided with a corrugated mesh with longitudinal ribs, the mesh corrugations being arranged along the axis of the smoke channel, the ribs having a variable height increasing in the course of the flue gases, and the flat channels are installed parallel to the air flow. Inside the flat channels, straight, curved or zigzag septa are connected along the flue gas, connected to large sides. The opening in the air inlet housing is provided with sectionalized blinds with a sectionally adjustable angle of the blade installation. The tubular smoke channel is made of interconnected G or U-shaped elements. Such implementation allows to maximize the use of flue gas heat, intensify heat exchange and reduce airway resistance.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to heat-energy devices and, in particular, to devices for heating air, intended for use in air heating systems of domestic and industrial premises.

Air heaters are known, including a housing, a central channel for the passage of hot flue gases and an annular channel for passage of heated air. The annular channel is provided with a turbulizer made in the form of a corrugated mesh, the corrugations being arranged transversely to the air flow (see USSR Authors N 896325, class F 23 L 15/04, published 07.01.82, Bulletin No. 1). The drawbacks of this type of apparatus include the low intensity of heat transfer and the increased resistance of the annular channel for air passage, associated with the above described arrangement of the turbulator.

The closest to the proposed is a heat generator including a combustion chamber located along the axis of the housing and annular channels for passage of heated air and flue gases. The combustion chamber is equipped with a fuel-burning device, an annular channel for passing heated air - a turbulizer made in the form of a corrugated mesh with corrugations placed transversely to the flow of air (see the author of the USSR, N SU 1545051 A1, class F 26 B 23/02, Published on February 23, 1990. Bulletin No. 7). The main disadvantages of this design is the increased resistance of the air channel associated with the installation of a transversely corrugated mesh in it, a low intensity of heat transfer due to an incorrect account of the limiting stage and a small efficiency associated with increased flue gas temperatures at the outlet of the apparatus and especially when trying to increase its heat output . Perforated mesh serves as a turbulizer and simultaneously a surface that receives radiant heat from the walls of the smoke channel and transmits it by convection to the air stream penetrating the mesh. At the same time for the grid, the role of the turbulator is not prevalent. Placing the same grid perpendicularly to the direction of the air flow with the simultaneous need for the development of the grid surface leads to an unjustified increase in resistance when the airflow moves, which in turn imposes higher demands on the head developed by the traction device on the air path and the energy overload for transporting the heated air.

The object of the present invention is to improve the thermal and hydrodynamic characteristics of the heat generator. The technical result consists in increasing the efficiency of the heat generator, intensifying the heat transfer and reducing the hydraulic resistance of the air path.

Said technical result is achieved by the fact that a heat generator comprising a housing with apertures for entering and leaving the heated air, a tubular smoke channel with a fuel-burning device and an exhaust pipe, and an air channel with a corrugated mesh arranged coaxially with the smoke channel is provided with flat channels installed in the housing connected to Gas distributing heads, one of which is connected to the smoke channel, and the other - to the exhaust pipe. The internal surface of the smoke channel is provided with longitudinal ribs, the grid corrugations are arranged along the axis of the smoke channel, and the flat channels are arranged parallel to the air flow. Inside the flat channels, straight, curvilinear or zigzag septa are placed along the flue gases, connected to the large sides of flat channels. The opening in the air inlet housing is provided with sectionalized blinds with a sectionally adjustable angle of the blade installation. The tubular smoke channel is made of interconnected G or U-shaped elements. The longitudinal edges are of variable height with an increase in the course of the flue gases.

Previously, it was noted that the role of the grid installed in the air channel is determined primarily by its ability to absorb heat from the walls of the smoke channel by radiation and transfer it to heated air by convection. At the same time, the installation of corrugations perpendicular to the direction of the air flow does not allow developing the surface, which basically determines the intensity of the apparatus, since the resistance of the air path, limited by the possibilities of the blowing devices, substantially increases. The development of the surface is preferable to the benefits determined by the turbulent properties of the grid. The installation of the corrugation grid along the axis of the smoke channel can significantly increase the heat-absorbing and heat-dissipating surface inside the air channel without significantly degrading the turbulent properties of the grid, since the actual turbulence of the air flow determines the operation of the grid in the environment of developed turbulent vortices and pulsations.

With sufficient development of the surface of the corrugated mesh, the determining stage is not the removal of heat from the walls of the smoke channel by radiation and convection, but the supply of heat to the inner wall of the smoke channel and through the emission of a gas stream containing, for example, when burning natural gas, a significant percentage of non-translucent gases / carbon dioxide And convection, and the actual radiant heat exceeds convective in a zone close to the fuel-burning device, and continues to play a significant role along the entire length of the smoke channel until the temperature of the gas in the latter reaches 500-600 ° C. Efficiency and increased intensity of heat exchange, the inner surface of the smoke channel is equipped with longitudinal ribs, which significantly increase the internal surface. The task of equalizing the heat perceived by the internal surface of the smoke channel and transmitted to the air by its outer wall is sufficiently solved by installing longitudinal ribs of variable height, namely, an increasing height along the course of the gas. At the same time, the task of preventing overheating and burning of fins in the hotter zone of a heat-burning device is also being carried out. As a matter of fact, the tubular smoke channel may take the form of a vertical coil or other configuration when the requirement of the features of the invention is fulfilled, as will be illustrated below in the exemplary embodiment of the apparatus.

In order to maximize the use of flue gas heat and, consequently, to increase the efficiency, a convective heat exchanger is installed last in the course of the flue gases in the same housing. However, the rates of gas and air flow necessary for intensive heat transfer are formed by installing flat channels, where the velocity of the gas is determined by the distance between the flat sheets. Increase in intensity is provided by straight, curved or zigzag septa installed along flat channels along the gas path, connected to large sides of flat channels.

In order to increase the uniformity of the air flow inside the body of the apparatus, or in the area of ​​the smoke channel, the opening in the heat generator housing for the air inlet is equipped with sectionalized blinds with a sectionally adjustable angle of inclination of the blades.

To simplify the manufacture of the heat generator, the tubular smoke channel is made of interconnected G or U-shaped elements.

Comparative analysis of the prototype and the proposed solution shows the presence in the last series of distinctive features and the uncertainty of such a solution from the current state of the art. This allows us to assert the conformity of the proposed invention to the condition of patentability "novelty".

The absence of such technical solutions in modern technology, and not only in the field of designing heat generators, allows us to state that this solution does not explicitly follow from the state of the art for a specialist, and therefore corresponds to the condition of patentability "inventive level".

The simplicity of the heat generator design and the use of a number of standard components and parts determine the feasibility of this solution for a qualified mechanical service. The need for the same devices in this class is quite large and constantly increases with modern requirements to minimize energy costs. Thus, the proposed solution corresponds to the condition of patentability "industrial applicability".

The invention is explained in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.

THERMAL GENERATOR
THERMAL GENERATOR

The heat generator includes a housing 1 with an inlet opening 2 and an opening 3 for the outlet of the heated air. Inside the shell 1 there is a tubular smoke channel 4 with a fuel-burning device 5. In this case, the gas-burning device 5 is a supercharged gas burner, and the tubular smoke channel 4 is made in the form of three horizontally mounted pipes connected by double taps. Naturally, it is advisable to protect the body 1 of the heat-generator with a heat-insulating box at the request of safety rules. Between the body 1 and the pipes of the smoke channel 4 there is formed a passage for the passage of the heated air, an air channel 6 in which around each pipe of the smoke channel 4 there is a corrugated grid 7 whose corrugations are arranged along the axes of the pipes of the smoke channel 4. The pipes of the smoke channel 4 are provided with longitudinal ribs 8 Inside the housing 1, flat channels 9 are connected to the gas distributing heads 10 and 11. The head 10 is connected to the smoke channel 4 and the head 11 to the exhaust pipe 12. The flat channels 9 are arranged parallel to the air flow. In the flat channels, the dividing walls 13 / are straight, curved or zigzagged along the flue gases, connected to large sides. A hole 2 for the entry of heated air to prevent the ingress of foreign objects and the equalization of the air flow is provided with sectionally mounted blinds 14 with a sectionally adjustable angle of installation of the blades. In order to simplify the manufacture of the smoke channel, the latter can be made of interconnected G or U-shaped elements 15 / variant 2, Fig. 2 /.

THERMAL GENERATOR WORKS AS FOLLOWS:

The natural gas is supplied to the fuel ignition device 5. Products of combustion - flue gases enter the tubular smoke channel 4. The heat of the flue gases is transferred to the inner wall of the flue channel 4 and to the longitudinal ribs 8 by convection and radiation. The heat received by the longitudinal ribs 8 is transferred to the wall of the smoke channel by heat conduction. After passing through the smoke channel 4, the flue gases enter the gas distribution head 10 and are distributed along the flat channels 9. Of these, the flue gases enter the head 11 and are exhausted through the exhaust pipe 12 into the atmosphere. Heated air enters the apparatus through an opening 2 provided with sectionally installed louvers 14. By contacting the walls of the flat channels 9, air is heated mainly by heat transfer by convection. Further, the heated air enters the air channel 6. Passing through the air channel 6, the heated air contacts both the outer walls of the smoke channel 4 and the corrugated mesh 7 built into the air channel. In this case, the air receives heat convectionally from the above-named elements, at that Time as the actual corrugated mesh 7 receives heat from the outer wall of the smoke channel 4 by radiation. In addition, the air is heated convective by the walls of the housing of the apparatus 1 and receiving heat from the walls of the smoke channel 4, since the grid can not completely screen the emission of the smoke channel 4. Further, through the opening 3, air leaves the apparatus and is discharged into the room through a blowing device Usually installed distribution ducts.

The object of the invention can be achieved by combining all the features of the invention. The expedient placement of heat-transfer and heat-sensing surfaces in the body of the apparatus, the combination of convective and radiant heat transfer allow to reduce the temperature of the gases at the outlet from the apparatus with a certain heat load, with a significant increase in the efficiency of its operation. A sharp increase in the heat flux to the internal surface of the smoke channel due to the installation of longitudinal ribs makes it possible to intensify the process of heat transfer without increasing the dimensions of the apparatus. The placement of the corrugated mesh in the air channel in such a way that the corrugations are directed along the axis of the tubular part of the smoke channel significantly reduces the resistance of the latter. It should be noted and simplification of the assembly of the apparatus with the above arrangement of corrugation.

To use additional possibilities to intensify the operation of the device, it is provided for the installation in the flat channels of partitions 13, which are performed straight, curved or zigzag. Increasing the intensification of the passing processes is provided by the possibility of improving the air distribution by placing the sectionalized louver in the zone of the hole 2 in the casing 1 with a sectionally adjustable blade arrangement. Simplifying the assembly of the device is the possibility of making a smoke channel 4 from the connected G or U-shaped elements 15, which removes the question of the complexity of forming internal longitudinal ribs.

The present invention saves a very expensive energy carrier while reducing the cost of the apparatus associated with its intensive operation.

CLAIM

1. A heat generator comprising a housing having openings for inlet and outlet of heated air, a tubular smoke channel with a fuel-burning device and an exhaust pipe and an air channel with a co-axially arranged smoke channel, characterized in that the housing has flat channels connected to the gas distributing heads, One of which is connected to the smoke channel and the other to the exhaust pipe, the inner surface of the smoke channel is provided with longitudinal ribs, with the height increasing along the flue gas path, the grid corrugations are arranged along the axis of the smoke channel, and the flat channels are installed parallel to the air flow.

2. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that straight, curved or zigzag septa connected to the large sides are arranged in the course of the flue gases within the rectangular channels.

3. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the air inlet is provided with sectionalized shutters with a sectionally adjustable blade angle.

4. The heat generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular smoke channel is made of interconnected G or U-shaped elements.

print version
Date of publication 21.03.2007gg