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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2084762
BURNER OF INFRARED RADIATION
The name of the inventor: Zhebrak Yuri Alexandrovich; Sorokin Vladimir Ivanovich; Stopnevich Alexander Vladimirovich; Vyazkov Vladimir Andreevich
The name of the patent holder: Zhebrak Yury Alexandrovich; Sorokin Vladimir Ivanovich; Stopnevich Alexander Vladimirovich; Vyazkov Vladimir Andreevich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1994.06.29
Use: in heating, drying and heating systems, for example, for heating working zones of industrial and agricultural premises, drying paintwork, local heating of products, etc. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: in an infrared burner consisting of a housing 1, an infrared reflector 2, an injector , Consisting of a gas nozzle 3 and a mixer 4, a reflector 5 with a shelf 6 radiating a ceramic nozzle 7 with flat entrance and radiating surfaces and a grid 8, the ceramic radiating nozzle is made with square openings of uniformly distributed over its surface, the cross-section of which is less than critical The breakthrough of the flame, with the total area of the opening section of the holes being 0.35 ... 0.75 of the nozzle area, and the grid with a total open-hole cross-section of 0.5 ... 0.7 of the total area of its surface is removed from Nozzles for a distance exceeding in 10 ... 20 times the size of the side of the profile of the nozzle holes. In addition, behind the mixing tube with a diameter "D", a reflector perpendicular to its axis is fixed, made in the form of a plate with a flange bent towards the injector, at a distance exceeding 2.5 ... 3.0 times the diameter "D", the plate area exceeds in 2.5 ... 3.0 times the cross section of the mixing tube, and the shelf area is 0.1 ... 0.2 of the plate area.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the combustion of gas in IR burners and can be used in heating, drying and heating systems, for example, for heating working areas of industrial and agricultural premises, drying paint and varnish coatings, local heating of products,
An industrial burner is known (U.S. Patent No. 5,174,744, dated December 29, 1992) with low emissions of CO and Ox into the atmosphere, which consists of a fuel and oxidizer mixing unit, a burner perforated plate over which gas is burned, and a light screen screen that Is heated by the flame of the burner and promotes the oxidation of CO in CO 2 , reducing CO emissions into the atmosphere, while the screen is installed above the burner plate at a distance that depends on the length of the flame. Reducing CO emissions allows fuel to be burned in a low-temperature dispersed flare, which reduces NO x production.
The disadvantage of such a burner is the special coating of the mesh screen with ceramic foam, which greatly complicates the manufacture of the burner.
A radiating heater is also known (U.S. Patent No. 5,134,415, issued August 18, 1992) consisting of a housing that includes a trapezoidal radiation reflector, an injector consisting of an injecting gas nozzle and a mixing tube, a burner nozzle and a mesh. The mixing tube is located in the housing in such a way that the combustion products formed in the burner heat the gas-air mixture before entering the radiating nozzle, which increases the efficiency of the burner operation by reducing the gas pressure and reducing the costs of production and repair.
The disadvantage of such a burner is the complexity of the construction and the increase in NO x in the combustion products due to the increase in the temperature of the gas-air mixture and the combustion zone.
A wind-proof gas burner is also known (Author's certificate No. 177017, class F 23 D 14/4, 1965) consisting of a housing with an adjoining reflector, an injector in the form of a gas nozzle and located in the inlet section of the body of a mixing tube, a reflector located opposite The latter is cut off, and located in the outlet portion of the housing to form a combustion chamber of a ceramic radiating nozzle with flat input and radiating surfaces and a mesh and a special casing which together with the housing and the reflector with holes forms a chamber stabilizing the operation of the injector. The proposed design provides increased wind resistance due to a constant pressure drop in the chamber, regardless of the dynamic wind pressure.
The disadvantage of such a burner is the complexity of the design and the possibility of underburning and increased formation of CO due to the ingress of combustion products into the reflector openings.
The aim of the invention is to reduce CO and NO x emissions into the atmosphere.
The aim is achieved by the fact that the reflector is made in the form of a plate of a plate, which is fixed parallel to the output cut, with the flange bent to the side and is removed from the mixing tube by a distance exceeding its diameter by 2.5.3 times, the plate is made with an area exceeding 2 , 5.3.0 times the cross section of the mixing tube, its shelf - with an area of 0.1. 0.2 from the area of the plate, the nozzle is made with square-shaped apertures uniformly distributed over its surface, having a total cross-sectional area of 0.35.0.70 of its surface area, each aperture is made with a cross-sectional area less than the critical through the breakthrough of the flame, Is made with a total through-hole section of 0.5.0.7 of the total area of its surface and is removed from the nozzle by a distance 10.20 times the size of the side of the profile of the nozzle holes.
The proposed solution leads to the fact that the combustion zone is reduced due to the uniform distribution of the mixture over the entire surface of the nozzle and the residence time in the high-temperature zone decreases, which leads to a decrease in NO x production. At the same time, the combustion of gas in the chamber between the surfaces of the nozzle and the grid provides optimal conditions for the combustion of gas without the formation of CO.
Comparison of the claimed solution not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions in the field of technology, did not reveal any signs similar to those claimed, which makes it possible to conclude that the criterion "essential differences" is consistent.
The proposed technical solution is shown in the accompanying drawing, in which a longitudinal section of the burner is shown and an element of a ceramic radiating nozzle is selected.
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The infrared burner consists of a housing 1, an infrared reflector 2, an injector consisting of a gas nozzle 3 and a mixer 4, a reflector 5 with a shelf 6 radiating a ceramic nozzle 7 and a grid 8. The burner works as follows. All elements of the burner are fixed in the housing 1, to which adjoins the reflector of infrared radiation 2, having a trapezoidal section. The gas, flowing from the nozzle 3 into the mixing tube 4, injects the required amount of air, forming a gas-air mixture of the desired composition. Behind the mixing tube at a distance "K" equal to 2,5 - 3,0 of the diameter of the pipe "D", a reflector 5 is fixed, made in the form of a plate, the cross section of which is 2.5 3.0 times larger than the cross-section of the mixing tube "G". The reflector is made with a shelf 6 facing the gas-air mixture flow, and the shelf area is 0.1.0.2 of the plate area. Selection of the design parameters of the reflector and its location ensure an even distribution of the gas-air mixture over the radiating nozzle. |
This statement is illustrated by the results on the operation of the burner, as shown in Table. 1.
The radiating ceramic nozzle 7 is made with flat outer surfaces and is perforated with evenly distributed square holes (dxd), the cross section of which is smaller than the critical flame breakthrough, and the total cross-sectional area of the holes is 0.35.0.75 of the nozzle area. The lower value of the live section of the nozzle is limited by the increase in the nozzle resistance that the injector can overcome, and the upper value is limited by the possibility of stabilizing the flame on the nozzle. This design ensures that the gas is burned under the same conditions over the entire surface of the nozzle.
Behind the nozzle 7 at a distance "H" equal to 10.20 the dimensions of the side of the hole "d", a grid 8 with a cross-section of holes is set equal to 0.5.0.7 of its surface area. The grid serves to protect the radiating nozzle from damage and, most importantly, to organize the chamber, limited by the outer surface of the nozzle and the inner surface of the grid, in which the combustion of the gas ends. The grid is heated by combustion products and contributes to the complete combustion of gas without the formation of CO, and due to back radiation to the nozzle the latter is heated to temperatures of about 900 ° C and becomes a source of radiation.
The selected grid and camera parameters are defined as follows. The lower value of the live cross-section of the grid 0.5 is limited by the increase in the resistance of the burner, which can not be overcome by the injector, and the upper value 0.7 is limited by the reduction of the back radiation to the nozzle, as a result of which the nozzle is not heated. The lower value of the chamber size 10 / d is limited by the fact that with a smaller chamber the combustion does not end and CO appears in the combustion products. The upper value 20 / d is limited by the reduction of the return radiation to the nozzle: the nozzle is not heated in the combustion products and CO appears.
This statement is illustrated by the results of the operation of the burner, as shown in Table 2.
Thus, all declared elements of the burner are aimed at reducing the CO and NO x emissions: the chosen design of the reflector, its parameters and parameters of the perforated nozzle ensure uniform distribution of the gas-air mixture over the surface of the nozzle and, accordingly, a uniformly distributed narrow flame front, and the selected parameters Nozzles and grids ensure complete combustion of gas in the volume of the chamber formed by the nozzle and the grid. In this case, the minimum residence time in the combustion zone leads to minimal NO x formations, and incineration from the grid to the packing leads to complete combustion of the gas without CO formation.
CLAIM
An infrared burner comprising a housing with an adjoining reflector, an injector in the form of a gas nozzle and a reflector located in the inlet portion of the mixing tube body, a reflector arranged opposite the exit cutout of the latter, and a ceramic radiating nozzle with a flat input And a radiating surface and a mesh, characterized in that the reflector is made in the form of a mixing tube of a plate with the flange bent to the side parallel to the output cut and is removed from the mixing tube by a distance exceeding 2.5 3.0 times its diameter, the plate is made with an area of , Exceeding 2.5 times the cross section of the mixing tube, its shelf with an area of 0.1 0.2 of the area of the plate, the nozzle is made with square-shaped apertures uniformly distributed over its surface, having a total cross-sectional area of 0 , 35 0.75 of the area of its surface, each hole is made with a passage section smaller than the critical through the breakthrough of the flame, the grid is made with a total through-hole section of 0.5 0.7 of the total area of its surface and is removed from the nozzle by a distance , Which exceeds the value of the side of the profile of the nozzle holes by a factor of 10-20.
print version
Date of publication 21.03.2007gg
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