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THERMAL DEVICES, DEVICES FOR HEATING AIR AND OTHER GAS-FUEL MEDIA AND THEIR APPLICATION
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2145044

AIR HEATER

AIR HEATER

The name of the inventor: Muranov E.N .; Rodovikov A.Ya. .; Sotskov V.G.
The name of the patent holder: Siberian Chemical Combine
Address for correspondence: 636070, Seversk, Tomsk Region, Siberian Chemical Combine, NIKI
Date of commencement of the patent: 1998.07.23

Use: in the energy, oil, chemical, food and other industries, mainly in installations for heating air and gases. The device comprises a housing with air-supply and air-vent connections and heating elements, vertical and horizontal partitions with windows, connected in series through the air of the chamber, divided into channels. The vertical partition is located along the axis of the case, and its windows in each chamber are opposite to the windows of horizontal partitions located along the height of the case, with the consequent alternation of the windows in staggered order with respect to the vertical partition. With this performance, the velocity of the coolant, the length of the channels along which it moves, and the heat transfer coefficient increase.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to heat exchange equipment and can be used in power engineering, petroleum, chemical, food and other industries, mainly in installations for heating air and gases.

A heater [1] is known, comprising an axisymmetric annular chamber of the heated heating medium and installed in it V-shaped tubular electric heaters with straight and curved sections, all straight sections of which are located at an equal distance from the chamber axis and at least one straight section of each electric heater is installed between the straight lines And the bent portions of the electric heaters are disposed with a displacement relative to each other along the axis of the chamber.

The annular chamber is divided by a longitudinal partition into two channels, connected in series by the heated heat carrier.

The main disadvantages of the known heater are:

- longitudinal partitions parallel to the electric heaters contribute to the creation of a laminar flow of the heated coolant along the tubular electric heaters, which significantly reduces the heat transfer coefficient;

- the longitudinal flow of straight sections of pipes of electric heaters heated by the heat carrier is characterized by a low coefficient of heat transfer;

- the small value of the path of the heated coolant passing through the flow.

All these drawbacks contribute to a decrease in the efficiency of heat exchange in the heater as a whole.

Known is an air heater [2] (prototype) comprising a housing with an air supply pipe, heating elements coaxially located within the housing, a cylindrical shell and an axial outlet branch provided at the outlet with a diffuser forming successively annular air ducts connected in air, Two chambers, in each of which the annular channels, except for the lower inner one, have a radial partition, and in the horizontal partition windows are provided that communicate the chambers in the zone of the arrangement of the radial baffles.

The main disadvantages of the known heater are:

- Low efficiency of heating the air due to the arrangement of heating elements only in the inner annular channels of the upper and lower chambers.

In the outer annular channels of both chambers, air is partially heated only through the walls of the cylindrical shell.

- the close location of the bypass window communicating the internal channels of both chambers from the opening in the outlet pipe will clearly promote direct overflow of the heated air from the upper internal channel to the outlet branch, thereby reducing the heat exchange efficiency of the electric heating elements in the inner channel of the lower chamber;

- the incommensurability of the live sections of the bypass windows, the circular channels, the inlet and outlet nozzles, promotes the appearance of uneven flow velocity of the coolant, the occurrence of "stagnant zones" and "attenuation" of the flow due to the resistance created by the bypass windows.

All these drawbacks contribute to a decrease in the efficiency of heat exchange (EFF) in the heater as a whole.

The object of the invention is to design an air heater that is free from the above drawbacks, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of heating the coolant by increasing the air flow velocity, increasing the turbulence of the flow, increasing the flow path of the heat carrier in the chamber channels, increasing the heat transfer coefficient of the tubular heating elements by providing a transverse flow around the flow Cylindrical surfaces of heating elements at an angle close to 90 ° [3], [4].

The stated task is solved by the fact that in an air heater comprising a housing with an air supply and air outlets and heating elements, a vertical and horizontal partitions with windows forming successively air-connected chambers divided into channels, a vertical partition is located along the axis of the housing, and its windows in each The camera is opposed to the windows of the horizontal partitions located along the height of the case with the consequent alternation of the windows in a staggered manner with respect to the vertical partition.

AIR HEATER

In Fig. 1 shows an air heater in a section.

In Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 - cross-sections AA and BB in FIG. 1 respectively.

The air heater comprises a housing 1, an air supply pipe 2, an air outlet pipe 3, heating elements 4, horizontal partitions 5 with windows 6 forming the chambers 7, a vertical partition 8 with windows 9, dividing each chamber 7 into two channels 10 and 11.

The air heater, when used mainly as a preheater in air and gas heating units, operates as follows.

Cold air through the branch pipe 2 is fed into the upper channel 10, without changing the direction, it flushes the heating elements 4.

Further, the flow passes through the window 9 and enters the neighboring channel 11, where, while heating from the heating elements 4, it changes direction, going down through the window in the horizontal partition 5, enters the lower channel 11.

Thus, the flow of heated air passes successively all channels 10 and 11 of the chambers 7 from top to bottom and exits in a heated state to the required temperature from the body 1 through the branch pipe 3.

The proposed air heater, due to the design features, will increase the efficiency of heat exchange due to:

- Increase in the flow velocity, which in turn increases the turbulence of the flow of the heated medium.

In a turbulent flow, a much more intense heat transfer occurs between the interacting working medium and the walls of the heating elements [3].

The flow velocity is increased by decreasing the live passage section of the channels. This is achieved by installing a vertical partition in the chambers.

- Increase the path of the flowing working medium in the channels.

This is achieved by the presence of vertical and horizontal partitions and their mutual arrangement, forming interconnected closed channels.

- Increase in heat transfer coefficient of tubular surfaces of heating elements.

This is achieved by creating a directed transverse flow of heating elements by a stream of working medium at an angle close to 90 ° [3], [4].

This is facilitated by the presence in the vertical partition of the windows of a rectangular section and the arrangement of the windows in each horizontal partition outside the zone of the location of the heating elements.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. The author's certificate of the USSR N 1078210, F 24 H 1/20, 1984.

1. The author's certificate of the USSR N 522380, F 24 H 03/04, 1976.

3. Shorin SN Heat transfer. - Moscow: Higher School, 1964, p. 292-295, 305-309, 328-330, 336-340.

4. P.D. Lebedev. Heat exchanging, drying and cooling installations. Second edition, revised. - Moscow: Energia, 1972, p. 34 and 35.

CLAIM

An air heater comprising a housing with an air supply and air outlets and heating elements, a vertical and horizontal partitions with windows forming successively air-connected chambers divided into channels, characterized in that the vertical partition is located along the axis of the housing, and its windows in each chamber are opposite to the windows Horizontal partitions, placed along the height of the case with the provision of sequential rotation of the windows in a staggered manner with respect to the vertical partition.

print version
Date of publication 26.03.2007гг