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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2216693
DEVICE FOR RESERVED HEATING MODE
The inventor's name: Denisov GA; Zuev BN; Popov AI; A. Ugadchikov; Fundator Yu.V.
The name of the patent owner: Closed Joint-Stock Company "Scientific and Production Firm Stroyprogress-New Age"; Open Company "Daten"
Address for correspondence: 113105, Moscow, Varshavskoye sh., 17, p. 5, ZAO NPF Stroyprogress-New Age
The effective date of the patent: 2001.11.21
The invention relates to heat generators and heating systems of individual structures and can be used in automated heating systems with solid and liquid fuels. The device contains a heating channel, a supercharger, included in the bypass to the channel. The input and output of the bypass are made in the form of branch pipes with a section smaller than the cross-section of the channel, the outlet branch section is located along the channel axis and below the inlet branch along the flow stream, with the branch axis of the branch in the course shifted relative to the channel axis. The device allows to simultaneously operate the basic mode with forced circulation and backup with gravitational circulation, increase energy saving and increase the efficiency of the heating system.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to heating systems of individual structures with a gas and electric heat generator and can be used in automated systems with heating by solid and liquid fuels.
Automated domestic gas heat generators [1, 2] are known for heating systems of individual structures with a circulation of the heat-carrier of gravitational type, for example AOGV [3], but also with forced circulation of the coolant [4,5].
The known heat generator [4], represented as an analog, is equipped with a forced circulation circuit of the heat carrier, installed in series with a heat generator in a hydraulic heating circuit. This allows increasing the energy efficiency of the heating system by 15-20%.
However, these devices require a high-quality power supply. At present, it is impossible to provide power in Russia without breaks. Therefore, for the normal functioning of known foreign devices [4], during the disconnection of the mains power supply, a backup power source is needed, for example, a battery, a gasoline generator, etc. The availability of a backup power source significantly complicates operation and increases the initial costs of consumers by 2-3 times. At the same time, the total breaks in the supply of electricity do not exceed 5-8% of the calendar time of the heating season.
The known heat generator [5] is a certain upgrade [4], in which, parallel to the pump installed in the same way as in [4], in the heating channel in series with the heat generator, the check valve is located in the bypass in such a way that, when the power supply is turned off, The pressure at its outlet is lowered and the non-return valve is opened by the gravitational pressure difference created by the temperature difference between the cold and hot volumes of the coolant. This hydraulic layout of the pump in the heating channel and check valve on the bypass allows you to act as an automatic switch of heating modes from forced circulation to free gravity in the absence of power, and when turning on the power again return to the forced circulation mode. In this case, the functioning of the heating system does not depend on the mains power supply during its shutdown.
However, the bypass section with the check valve located therein has increased hydraulic resistance due to the presence of turns (local losses) in perpendicular directions. In this case, the operation of the heating system in the gravitational mode occurs with an excessive decrease in the hydraulic head and, as a consequence, leads to a decrease in the velocity of the heat carrier in the heating channel, a decrease in the rate of transient processes, and a decrease in the temperature in the heated room.
These deficiencies are largely eliminated in the known device [6], taken as a prototype, which contains a heating channel, a supercharger (pump) located on the bypass to the heating channel.
In the scheme, when the pump is installed in the bypass, and the check valve in the straight section of the heating channel, the hydraulic losses are much smaller. In the event of a power failure, the check valve opens in the forward heating channel with a large cross-section as compared to the bypass pipeline and has a lower hydraulic resistance than the layout shown in [5].
At the same time, one should keep in mind that the check valve closes the gravity mode when closing, and if there is insufficient water treatment in the presence of an open heating system, the failure of the non-return valve may occur on one side - incomplete closure. Reducing the likelihood of such failure will require more frequent prevention not always available to all users to prevent the failure of the non-opening of the non-return valve. Such failure leads to additional energy losses, disruption of the hydraulic circulation of various heating system circuits, unstable operation of the heating system in conjunction with the heat generator.
On the other hand, the check valve, in the case of another type of failure - spring failure due to corrosion under heating conditions, does not open the channel at all when the pump stops. But in [5, 6], the gravitational regime is used in the survival of the system. The presence of a negative external temperature, a prolonged absence of mains power and circulation of the heating medium in the heating system are negative conditions when, due to the freezing of the coolant, the pipelines and devices of the heating system, valves and expensive heat generators may be damaged, coolant leaks into the premises of one or several floors, Condensate on the building construction of the building and, as a result, financial losses. Types of failure "incomplete opening-closing" of the check valve or its "non-opening" reduce the reliability of the system.
In addition, the non-return valve closes part of the pipeline section of the heating system, shutting down one of the parallel channels for flow of the heat carrier and leaving only one channel with the pump for the flow. This does not reduce the overall hydraulic resistance of the duct together with the section where the parallel pipelines (bypass and channel) are located.
In addition, the closed part of the channel of the heating system, into which the coolant is driven under the pump pressure, is a dead-end branch in which conditions arise for the accumulation of various suspensions and mechanical admixtures of the coolant. And in time the work of the heating system in the forced circulation mode (accumulation of impurities in the dead-end branch) is more than 90% of the time of the heating season. These conditions can lead to failures when opening the non-return valve, because The gravitational pressure drop is relatively small (~ several hundred Pa) compared to the pressure from the circulation pump (~ 10 3 times higher).
In addition, closing the non-return valve results in loss of movement in the heating system and coolant flow due to gravity, which, combined with flow through circulation, does not allow more heat to be supplied to heating appliances and the heat consumer (human), to reduce the transient time And get a share of energy savings in the heating procedure.
In addition, in known devices, there is a pronounced switching mode from the main to the standby heating mode, due to the presence of mechanical switching devices, and leading to a rebuild in the system operation and possible malfunctions.
In order to eliminate the drawbacks of the known devices, a device for a standby heating mode is provided, comprising a heating channel, a supercharger included in the bypass to the channel, characterized in that the bypass input and output are in the form of nozzles with a section smaller than the cross-section of the channel, the outlet branch pipe section is located along the channel axis And below the inlet branch of the flow.
In addition, in the device for the backup heating mode, the sections of the inlet and outlet nozzles are located coaxially with the cross-section of the channel.
In addition, in the device for the standby heating mode, the axis of the branch pipe branch is offset relative to the channel axis.
In addition, in the device for the standby heating mode, the cross-section of the inlet branch is located on the channel wall.
The proposed device for backup heating mode (drawing a, b, c, d) consists of heating channel 1, pump 2 for forced circulation located on bypass 3 with outlet branch 4 with section 5 and inlet branch 6 with cross-section 7. The arrows indicate the flow Coolant. The device can be installed in the pressure and return channels of the heating system. Section 5 is installed coaxially with the section of the heating channel 1. The outlet pipe 4 together with the channel 1 forms a jet pump in which the branch pipe 4 is an active nozzle, the heating channel 1 section 8 is the chamber from which the passive medium (coolant) is sucked, the channel 9 section 1 is A mixing chamber and pressure recovery to overcome the load, which is the resistance of a branched heating system consisting of heating appliances, pipelines and fittings. The branch pipe 6 of the bypass input, through which the coolant flows to the active nozzle (section 5) of the pipe 4, can be located in different design positions, depending on the choice of its local hydraulic resistance in the heating channel.
Thus, in such an arrangement, the device is a combination of actually two drivers, one of which is mechanical, driven by an electric motor and powered by an electrical system, the other is a jet without movable parts, constructed according to the laws of constructing an elevator (ejector) of the water-to-water type with A short or elongated mixing chamber with or without a diffuser. The section 9 can be made in the form of a mixing chamber with a diffuser, the branch pipe 4 can be made in the form of a conical nozzle.
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The device (drawing a) is characterized in that the cross-section 5 of the bypass outlet 4 of the bypass 3 and the section 7 of the branch pipe 6 are located on one axis and are aligned with the section of the channel 1 of the heating system. In the reserve (gravitational) circulation mode of the heat carrier, there are two local hydraulic resistances in the sections of channel 1, where the branch pipe 7 of the inlet and the branch pipe 4 of the bypass 3 are located. In the basic mode (forced circulation), the most optimal arrangement of the nozzles 4 and 6 of the bypass 3. |
The device (drawing b) differs from the device according to the drawing a and the pipelines 10 connecting the by-pass 3 to the branch pipes 4 and 6 are structurally integrated into one element. Such a combination is more advantageous in technological terms, it allows to make one insertion in the channel of the heating system and immediately place the inlet and Bypass output.
The device (drawing c) is characterized by the fact that during operation in the standby mode, the circulation of the coolant has a lower local resistance at the branch of the bypass inlet 6, in comparison with the scheme in Fig. When operating in the main circulation mode, the conditions for the absorption of the coolant into the branch pipe of the input 6 bypass with the developed turbulent flow practically does not differ from the scheme in the drawing a. Turbulent flow assumes a rectangular velocity diagram in channel 1 and it can be considered as indifferent to the location of section 7 of branch pipe 6 of bypass input 3.
The device (drawing d) is characterized by the fact that the section 7 of the bypass inlet 6 of the bypass 3 is located on the wall of the channel 1. In the gravitational mode, there is a minimum local hydraulic resistance in this section of the channel. In the main circulation mode in the section of channel 1 where the branch pipe 4 is located, the flow leaving into the bypass line 3 somewhat distorts the flow in the channel and the velocity diagram, creating local resistance by the interaction of two branching flows. However, the absence of a fixed body of the branch pipe 6 significantly reduces the hydraulic local resistance both in the standby gravitational mode and in the main mode.
DEVICE WORKS AS FOLLOWING
When the device operates for a standby heating mode, a hydraulic interaction of the flow on the inlet and outlet nozzles appears. This is expressed in the form of a jet ejection effect that provides automatic self-cleaning of the heating channel by using a transition from a combined operating mode (gravitational plus forced circulation) to a purely gravitational standby mode of the heating system during a power outage. The use of the self-cleaning effect in the proposed device and the absence of moving parts in the channel of the heating system significantly increases the reliability of the heating system.
The proposed device is designed to work together with the heater of the coolant and the heating system in the building, individual house, greenhouse, warehouse.
The proposed device allows both basic and standby heating modes to function simultaneously. When working in the basic mode, i.e. When the power supply is not switched off, under the influence of the mechanical blower 2, which causes the flow of the heat medium through bypass 3, the heat transfer medium from channel 1 of the heating system through the branch pipe 6 and 4 is pumped through the bypass and is again injected into channel 1 at high speed. The jet of coolant leaving the section 5 of the branch pipe 4 due to its inversion, picks up the surrounding layers of the coolant having a lower flow velocity, and carries them further downstream, for example, through the return channel ("backflow") to the gas boiler tank. In section 9 of channel 1, at the location of section 5 of branch pipe 4, a hydraulic ejection effect occurs at the time of circulation initiation. Further, in static equilibrium, when the flow rates in sections 9 and 10 of channel 1 are equal, there is a lower flow velocity in section 8 than the velocity of the coolant in section 5 of the bypass 4 bypass. In section 9, the ejection effect will be manifested to a lesser extent. At this point, the circulation circulation of the coolant will only be adjusted by the additional energy of the flow created by the electric pump. An imaginative comparison - how to drive with a stick rolling on the road hoop.
At the same time, circulation continues to work, because There is a flow load, due to the forces of gravity, created by heating the coolant and obtained by the difference in the specific gravity of the upper and lower layers of the liquid in the heating system.
When the power supply is disconnected and the pump is stopped, the standby heating mode continues to work as if there is a main mode. In this case, circulation is carried out only due to the movement of the temperature layers of the fluid by gravity forces. The flow of heat carrier is carried out through channel 1 with a minimum local hydraulic resistance, which is created by pipes 4 and 6 (drawing a, b, c) or only branch pipe 4 (drawing d).
In the proposed device, to operate the standby heating mode, devices with moving parts are not required. The absence of moving parts in the heating channel 1, which passes the entire circulation flow, increases the reliability and service life in comparison with the known devices.
When the power is turned on, the main mode of operation in the heating system circuits, provided by forced circulation from the pump, resumes. Simultaneously with the main mode, the standby mode continues to function.
Thus, the proposed device has the following advantages in comparison with the known ones:
- absence of moving parts
- reduced hydraulic resistance
- increased resource and reliability
- simultaneous operation of the main and standby mode allows to reduce the time of the transient process and increase the energy saving
- there is no pronounced switching mode from primary to standby
- the presence or absence of power supply does not lead to the loss of the circulation heating mode, but only to its change in intensity.
USED BOOKS
1. The device is a gas heating household AOGV-23, 2-1-U GOST 20219-74. Manual. Zhukovsky machine-building production association. G. Zhukovsky. 1988.
2. NL Staskevich et al. Handbook on gas supply and use of gas. -L .: Nedra, 1990, pp. 351-360.
3. Interstate standard "Household gas heating appliances with a water circuit". GOST 20219-93.
4. Comparative characteristics of outdoor heating water boilers of foreign production. Gas. Building expert 34 (23) / 98 February.
5. Electric boiler type "Rusnit" models 212, 215, 221, etc. Passport and technical description. Ed. Ryazan, 2000.
6. Gas heat generator. The certificate of the Russian Federation for utility model RU 11872 U1, cl.6 F 24 H 9/20.
CLAIM
1. A device for a standby heating mode, comprising a heating channel, a supercharger included in the bypass to the channel, characterized in that the bypass input and output are in the form of nozzles with a section smaller than the cross-section of the channel, the outlet branch section is located along the channel axis and below the inlet branch pipe Along the flow stream, with the axis of the branch pipe branching offset relative to the channel axis.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the section of the branch pipe of the inlet is located on the channel wall.
print version
Date of publication 29.01.2007gg
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