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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2153415

WASTE DISPOSAL METHOD WASTE TIRES AND RUBBER PRODUCTS AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION

Name of the inventor: Sergey Apostles; Anatoly Potapov
The name of the patentee: Sergey Apostles; Anatoly Potapov
Address for correspondence: 195269, St. Petersburg, Svetlanov Prospect 93, kv.153, Apostolov SA
Starting date of the patent: 1998.10.21

A method and apparatus are used for the disposal of used tires and waste rubber products. The process is carried out heat treatment of raw materials, which are placed in an extractor filled with mineral oil at a temperature of 260 - 290 o C, and completely dissolved rubber. The process utilizes a perforated basket feed processing. After complete dissolution of the resulting rubber-rubber composition is poured. The residue of carbon black, mineral components and metal cord, which is in the basket, the solvent washed with petrol. Last distilled with steam and then pulverized and the solid residue is recovered from it and black metal cord. Extractor device comprises a cylindrical housing having an upper portion in the charging port, the input and output fittings reagents. The extractor is equipped with a perforated basket of the feedstock made up of longitudinal struts with gaps, a flat perforated bottom and cover plates in the form of a perforated bottom. The apparatus has a raw boot components and gasoline extractant vapor condensation, a temperature control device for the evaporation of gasoline and extractant. Each of the devices connected to the respective connecting pipe extractor. Device for the evaporation of petrol extractor is connected to the extractant for the liquid and vapor phases. The resulting bituminous composition is used as a material for waterproofing, roofing, for the preparation of asphalt concrete. The invention allows to recycle used tires in materials suitable for further use.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of recycling of used tires and waste rubber products.

Known grinding method of separating and forcing the material rubber tires at high pressure through the holes in the mold (see. DESCRIPTION RF to author's certificate N 1728042, cl. B 29 B 17/00, publ. In 1992 YG).

The disadvantage of this method is the need for complex pressure equipment, its rapid wear, the inability to processing of tires with metallic cords and obtaining rubber crumbs having all organic and mineral components of the rubber.

Known grinding tires and the way the material by cooling with liquid nitrogen and subsequent fragmentation (see. The description of the invention to the author's certificate N 1752562, cl. In 29 17/00, publ. In 1992), or abrasion abrasive wheel or abrasive grains ( description of the invention to the author's certificate N 1729769, cl. in 29 17/00, publ. in 1992).

The disadvantages of these methods is high energy consumption for deep cooling, discharge of abrasive materials, with impossibility tire recycling metal parts and metal cord and rubber, and obtaining a powder containing all of the components of fillers.

From the prior art as a prototype of the proposed method for disposal of used tires and waste rubber products you branes "process for the preparation of rubber binder paving" copyright certificate N 1289872, cl. C 08 L 95/00, publ. in 1987 In this method, a rubber powder having a particle size of less than 1 mm was subjected to heat treatment in a mixture with a plasticizer (or anthracene oil shale) first at a temperature 190-220 o C, then at 240-260 o C, after which the resulting product is mixed and with bitumen is added structurants (polyethylene wax, sulfur, and others.).

The disadvantages of this method include the need for pre-grinding the raw material to particles of less than 1 mm, which is not feasible in the case of waste tires containing a metal cord and metal parts. Furthermore, the resulting bituminous composition comprises carbon black and mineral components of rubber, which reduces the area of ​​use of the product obtained.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device for carrying out the method disposal of used tires and waste rubber products is a device for thermal processing of plastic waste, used tires, roofing material, etc.. Copyright certificate N 1713921, cl. C 10 G 1/10, publ. In 1992 in the device material is fed into a heated flue gas cylinder unit equipped with charging port and outlet connections for gas feed and liquid products of decomposition. In the lower zone of the apparatus has a screw mixer, which is situated over isolation rings of the grating shifted in height with respect to each other. After completion of the liquid product is drained, and the solid residue is removed together with the lattice.

The disadvantage of this device is that it is thermally decomposed rubber rubber polymer to obtain liquid products, which can not be used as the bituminous composition, such as waterproofing or in road construction. The resulting solid was contaminated with the products of decomposition of rubber, so it is a useful application and limited. There is a high yield of by-products that require special handling for disposal.

Moreover, in this device satisfactorily solves the problem of mass and heat transfer, leading to overcooking to the substance to be treated and the necessary heat transfer surface cleaning apparatus after each operating cycle.

The objective of the proposed technical solutions aimed at simplifying the process disposal of used and waste rubber goods by eliminating the operation pre-crushing of the feed stock, to expand the useful range of applications received Resin composition by separating from her black, minerals and metal cord and the simultaneous production of carbon black is not degradation of the polymer containing the rubber products.

The task is achieved by a method for disposal of spent and waste rubber articles, comprising a thermal treatment of raw materials constituting the worn tires and rubber waste, the heat treatment of raw materials is carried out in a perforated basket which was placed into an extractor filled with petroleum heavy oil or tar circulating upwards at a temperature of 260-290 o C to complete dissolution of the rubber, after which the resulting bituminous composition is drained, and the balance of the basket consisting of carbon black, mineral components and metal cord, washed with petrol solvent which is then stripped with steam, and then the residue was pulverized and withdrawn from the metal cord.

The task is achieved by the fact that in the device for disposal of used and waste rubber products, which is a cylindrical body, on top of which there is a charging port through which the extractor is introduced perforated basket with worn tires and / or waste rubber. The device is provided with connections for input and output of liquid and gaseous substances, and a pump for circulating the liquid from the bottom up. The device consists of blocks and extracting gasoline evaporation, condensation of vapor and controlling the temperature in the liquid phase extractor, each of which is connected with the respective pipe fittings extractor, wherein the device for vaporization of the petrol extractor is connected to the extractant for the liquid and vapor phases.

New is that the raw material heat treatment is performed in a perforated basket, placed in extractor filled with oil or fuel oil tar circulating upwards at 260-290 o C to complete dissolution of the rubber and the balance of the basket consisting of carbon black, mineral components and metallic cord gasoline after solvent washing, pulverized and removed therefrom metallic cord.

It is new and also that the extractor is provided with a perforated basket, and the device further introduced to feed block, gasoline extractant capacitor block for temperature control and an apparatus for extracting gasoline evaporation.

In comparison with the known analogues and prototypes, proposed method of disposal of spent rubber products and waste and device for its implementation, you can:

- To carry out processing of raw materials without shredding tires or rubber waste;

- To carry out the processing of tires with metal cord and other metal parts, which significantly expands the scope of the proposed method and apparatus;

- Obtain Resin composition does not contain soot and mineral components of rubber;

- To obtain carbon black and carbon black, suitable for re-use in rubber compositions or as solid fuel;

- Adjust the temperature required for thermal processing of raw materials, due to preheating of oil used to the desired temperature by the heat balance;

- Eliminate the formation of gaseous substances by decomposition of rubber;

- Eliminate the need for cleaning of the extractor after each operating cycle, since there is no heat transfer surfaces to which the components are burnt mixture processed;

- Receive obuglerozhenny residue without other rubber components that expands the scope of its application.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated by a drawing.

Installation for implementing the method recycling rubber products exhaust tires and waste consists of loading unit tires and / or rubber waste basket 1, the extractor 2, node condensation gasoline extractant vapor 3 and 4, the circulation pump 8, a temperature control device in the extractor 7 and devices for the evaporation of gasoline extractant 9.

The extractor 2 has a cover 5, a perforated basket 1 formed of longitudinal struts with gaps, a flat perforated bottom and a cover in the form of plates 15 with a perforated bottom, the support and guide ring for centering and installation of the basket 1. Fittings: steam outlet gasoline extractant A petrol to enter the liquid extractant at the perforated cover of the basket B, for supplying liquid to the circulating pump B, D for loading petroleum, gasoline vapor to enter D extractant and steam fitting J. E is used to feed to the extractor of the circulating fluid during the dissolution of the rubber, and and discharging the finished bituminous compositions and for draining the vaporizer 9 extractant by washing the solid residue is ekstragen- gasoline. Installation and comprises a container 10 for receiving oil, II of a heating boiler and a pump 12 for pumping into the extractor. The unit includes a crusher 12 and hoist on monorail 13 for transportation of baskets of raw materials and the remainder of their installation and removal from the extractor.

The method is as follows. Car tires and / or rubber waste is delivered to a cutting site where the sorted and, if necessary, cut into 2-4 pieces, and then charged into a cart 1.

Oil or tar oil is discharged from vehicles into the receptacle 10, from which periodically fed into the boiler 11 for heating to 260-290 o C.

The perforated basket with the feedstock adjusted with hoists 13 into the extractor 2, the cover 5 is closed and the pump 12 is pumped into the heated oil or tar from the boiler 11. Next, turn off the circulating pump 8 and produce a temperature correction by pumping fluid through the heating device 7. Once dissolved rubber polymer Resin composition (RBC) is pumped by the pump in storage or in the vehicles consumers.

After draining RBC extractor 2 is supplied extractant petrol vapor from the evaporator 9. The steam heats the solid residue from the basket and then enters the condenser 3. Liquid extractant is separated from the gas in a separator 4, and flows down on the lid of the basket 15, made in the form of plates with a perforated bottom, which ensures its uniform distribution over the entire cross section of the basket. The extract is given to the evaporator 9, where stripped extractant and RBC periodically pumped out 6 in the collection vessel. The extractor is purged with steam, the cover 5 is opened and cart ELEKTROSTAL 13 is withdrawn with the solid residue which is ground in a grinder 14 and withdrawn from the metal parts,

Research of processes of thermochemical dissolution rubber of used tires was carried out on test bench installation. The object of the study were the details of worn tires: Protector and a jogging track, and a side wall with a synthetic textile cord and cord separately recovered from the tires. It was found that the fastest-soluble synthetic and textile cord. Tread and track, consisting mainly of rubber without cords dissolve slowly. Initially, rubber swelling is observed, the magnitude of which depends on the temperature. When it is raised from 260 to 290 o C the swelling decreases from 30-35% to 10-15% (by weight). After 2-4 hours of weight decrease of samples starting at the beginning of the process. The average rate of dissolution of the rubber tires is as follows: at 260 o C - 0,57; at 270 o C - 1,02; at 290 o C -. 1,31 kg / m 2 h From these data, an average dissolution time bus (37 kg) of 24.7, 14.7 and 11.4 hours.

Yield after dissolution of the solid rubber 18-25%, ash content of 40-50%. Table 1 shows the characteristics of rubber compositions obtained in different conditions. It is seen that with decreasing temperature increases RBC content of mechanical impurities, thus greatly enhanced and the dissolution time of the rubber. At 240-250 o C is not observed the formation of agglomerates of carbon black rubber and mineral components. At temperatures above 290 o C starts thermal decomposition of the rubber polymer that is accompanied by increased release of gaseous substances, so can be considered the optimum temperature of about 270 o C. By regulating the amount of rubber dissolved in the tar can be obtained with different RBC softening point and penetration.

Obtained by this method bituminous compositions may be used for sealing materials for roofing and asphalt concrete preparation. This solves a very important problem of disposal of used rubber tires, the number of which is increasing every year.

Example
The autoclave is equipped with a heating device, a circulation pump (axial) and reflux condenser was charged with 1.0 kg of oil sludge from a mixture of West Siberian oil with a softening point of 19 o C. Tar heated to 290 o C, after which the autoclave was placed in a basket steel wire filled with pieces of rubber. To this was excised from the worn tire transverse strip which is then cut into pieces of 20 x 20 mm. rubber boot Weight 490 closes the lid of the autoclave, set the desired temperature, includes an axial pump. After 10.5 hours merged RBC.

The autoclave was charged with 100 ml of toluene was heated to reflux (about 110 o C). Toluene vapors condensed in the reflux condenser. The liquid condensate is poured on the perforated cover of the extractor basket. After 0.5 hours, the reflux condenser is replaced by a straight line and toluene was distilled off, and then drained from the extracted residue RBC. The autoclave was filled with 50 ml of water evaporation and conducted to completely remove the toluene.

There was obtained 1,380 g of rubber composition and 98 g of solid residue. After grinding, the solids removed therefrom magnet 3.7g metal wire. The mineral components in the residue (without wire) - 44%. The softening temperature of RBC K and W - 76 o C. Penetration at 25 o C - 21 x 0.1 mm.

CLAIM

1. A method for recycling rubber products, and exhaust waste tires, wherein the heat treatment is carried raw material which is placed into an extractor filled with oil at a temperature of 260-290 o C, the rubber is dissolved completely, characterized in that the perforated basket for processing raw materials, and then complete dissolution of the resulting rubber composition was poured Resin, carbon residue and mineral components and metal cord, which is in the basket, washed with petrol solvent which is then stripped with steam, and then the solid residue is pulverized and is recovered from it and black metal cord.

2. A device comprising an extractor, which is a cylindrical body having in the upper part of the charging port, a and fittings input, output reagents, characterized in that the extractor is provided with a perforated basket of the feedstock made up of longitudinal struts to feedstock made of longitudinal rack with gaps, a flat perforated bottom and a cover in the form of plates with a perforated bottom, and the device introduced raw boot components and condensation gasoline extractant vapors device for temperature control and to vaporize the petrol extractant, each of the devices connected to the corresponding nipple extractor wherein the device for vaporization of the petrol and the extractant is connected with the extractor for liquid and vapor phases.

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Publication date 12.12.2006gg