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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2187759
FURNACE FOR BURNING SOLID WASTE
Name of the inventor: Toroschin IV .; Chebotarev V.
The name of the patentee: Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Siberian Chemical Combine"
Address for correspondence: 636000, Tomsk, Seversk, Siberian Chemical Combine, NIKI.
Starting date of the patent: 2000.09.27
The invention relates to a device for the thermal decomposition and combustion of small amounts of lumpy solid industrial waste containing valuable components and can be used in the chemical, radiochemical and others. Industries. The furnace consists of a casing with thermal insulation, in which there are heaters and the movable grate made in the form of a set of lattice baskets counterweights is pivotally mounted on the wheel teeth, rotatable drive shaft and cooperating with a furnace body installed their tipping mechanisms are designed as sliding thrusts, rods and axes. The furnace is equipped with an additional ash pan valvular grate provided with a mechanism for its management and the supply of hot air nozzles, it has connections for input waste, air inlet and outlet of the residual products of combustion. Technical result: fuller and more intensive combustion of the waste, as provided multiple tedding and passing them through a zone heated gas flow that can significantly improve the efficiency of the furnace.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a device for the thermal decomposition and combustion of small amounts of lumpy solid industrial waste containing valuable components and can be used in the chemical, radiochemical and other industries.
A device for the combustion of particulate fuel (AS USSR N 1087088, F 23 N 9/02, 1980 YG), comprising a housing which accommodates the grate is designed as a horizontal drum, bearings mounted on the shaft and provided with a coupled a rotation mechanism. Lumpy fuel fed through the hopper onto a rotating drum, composed of densely adjoining tubular elements at outer portions of which there are openings for the air supply. The combustion gases are output through the pipe, and the slag during rotation of the drum falls into the ash pan.
In this apparatus, combustion chamber residence time combusted pieces of limited speed of the drum, it uses only part of the side surface, which leads to incomplete combustion.
A device for waste incineration (AS USSR N 1135968, F 23 G 5/00, 1980), taken as a prototype.
The apparatus includes a housing which houses the grate ash pan ring, heater, pipes for input waste feed and output air combustion products. Grate is designed as a cone, composed of a ring shaped to form slots therebetween and is rotated by the drive shaft. The heater is in the form of fuel nozzles disposed above the grate.
In this arrangement, the waste coming from the hopper onto the grate and under the influence of high-temperature combusted air flow entering through the slots in the grate. The taper of the grate is selected depending on the desired completeness of combustion, residence time due to waste it. Ash is removed via the ash pan and combustion gases through the pipe - into the chimney.
This arrangement effectively enough, especially when burning heterogeneous in size and composition of waste requiring to use more complete combustion grate of different taper.
The aim of the invention is to provide a furnace design, providing the most complete combustion and post-combustion as a uniform and non-uniform in size and composition of solid wastes.
The goal is achieved in that the furnace comprises a housing with thermal insulation, which houses the heater and the movable grate, designed as a set of lattice baskets counterweight pivotally mounted on the wheel teeth, the rotating drive shaft and interacting with in the furnace body established their tipping mechanisms, made in the form of retractable stops, rods and axes, the oven is equipped with an additional ash pan valvular grate provided with a mechanism for its management and the supply of hot air nozzles, it has connections for input waste, air inlet and outlet of the residual products of combustion.
The furnace design is shown in Figure 1 (in cross section), Figure 2 given section A-A in Figure 1.
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The dot-dashed (two-point) lines represent the intermediate position of baskets in the moments of their interaction with tipping mechanisms.
The oven comprises a housing 1 with insulation 2 which has grate 3, 4 ashpan, heaters 5 for loading the waste pipe 6, air supply pipes 7 O connections gaseous combustion products 8. grate 3 is formed as a set of grid basket 9 each of which is provided with a counterweight 10 pivotally attached to the wheel 11 teeth, placed on the drive shaft 12 and interacting with a housing 1 mounted on the ash pan bottom 4 tilting mechanism 13 9 baskets made as a stop 14, shaft 15 and rod 16. in the basket 9 are through-slots 17 for the passage of air. Located at the bottom of the housing 1 is equipped with 4 additional ash pan valvular grate 18 and the pipe 19 for the supply of fresh hot air, forming a total of 20 post-combustion chamber, and the grille 18 is provided with a mechanism for its control 21 via the thrust 22.
Outside the furnace body is provided with a heat insulating jacket 23. To install the support are furnace 24. The combustion of solid waste requiring more intensive mixing and agitating in the upper part of the housing 1 is integrated with at least one tilting mechanism 9 baskets 25, consisting of a sliding stop 26, the shaft 27 and rods 28, which provides alternate spilling of materials from one basket to another.
OVEN WORKS AS FOLLOWS
Solid lumpy waste through the dispenser (not shown) are loaded from the top portions 9 of the basket in the grate 3 which is rotated at a slow (0.5-1 vol. / Min) gear 11 alternately brought under charging nozzle 6. Downloaded wastes are dried and calcined with using the electric heater 5 while supplying the combustion zone through conduit 7 of heated air. Implementation of the grate 3 in the form of movable lattice baskets 9 with a counterweight 10 allows continuously move and mix the waste in the combustion zone to the desired burn them. The air passing through the gap 17 grates 3, penetrates the waste layer aerates them, providing a burning combustible components. Unloading of the ash from the basket 9 is performed by tilting mechanism 13 by extending the stop 14 located on the axis 15 by means of rods 16, and the basket, touching the counterweight 10 a stop 14 is rotated slowly, ash and cinders poured into the ash pan 4, equipped with a clamshell grate 18 bars, under which is fed through the pipe 19, the fresh air is heated, contributing to their post-combustion. Ashes and cinders periodically discharged into a container (not shown) may be directed to further processing, such as to recover valuable components. Unloading is performed using the ash grate valvular control mechanism 21, 18 by moving downward thrust 22. The gaseous combustion products are eliminated through the nozzles 8 scrubbers. Intensive tedding waste is carried out using an upper tipping mechanism 25, by which the basket 9 are rotated during their interaction with the focus 26, 28. The movable rod unburned waste are poured successively from the upstream to the bottom of the basket, and the waste streams are blown thoroughly heated air, which contributes to their more intensive combustion.
When using the proposed design of the furnace for burning solid waste is carried out better and more intensive combustion of the waste, as provided multiple tedding and passing them through a zone heated gas flow that can significantly improve the efficiency of the furnace.
CLAIM
1. A furnace for burning solid waste comprising a housing which has a rotating drive shaft of the grate, and the ash pan heater nozzles for inputting the waste, the air inlet and outlet of gaseous and particulate products of combustion, characterized in that the grate is configured as a set of lattice baskets counterweight pivotally mounted on the gear, placed on the drive shaft, and interacting with the established in the body of the furnace tilting mechanisms, and the ash pan is placed valvular grate.
2. Furnace according to Claim. 1, characterized in that each tipping mechanism is in the form of baskets combination rotary abutment and traction axes.
3. A furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate is provided with valvular control mechanism it consisting of the axes and links.
4. Furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the secondary combustion chamber is equipped with pipe fresh air supply under wing grate.
print version
Publication date 19.02.2007gg
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