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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2288406
METHOD OF DESTRUCTION OF CHLOROGENIC WASTE
The name of the inventor: Samsikov Evgeny Anatolevich (RU); Kononov Alexander Ivanovich (RU); Kurunov Ivan Filippovich (RU)
The name of the patent holder: Open Joint-Stock Company Novolipetsk Iron and Steel (NLMK) (RU)
Address for correspondence: 398040, Lipetsk, pl. Metallurgov, 2, OJSC "NLMK"
Date of commencement of the patent: 2004.06.11
The invention relates to the field of ferrous metallurgy and to the field of industrial and household waste processing, in particular to the utilization of oil products waste and the destruction of organochlorine industrial wastes of chemical, engineering, radio engineering, electronic, energy and other industries, and can be used to destroy these wastes in Blast furnaces without the use of special aggregates. The method for eliminating organochlorine compounds includes their injection into the blast stream in a blast furnace blast furnace apparatus. The organochlorine wastes are injected separately or mixed with liquid fuel through a dispersing nozzle introduced into the tuyere device at a distance from the end of the tuyere equal to 0.6-1.8 of its length at a pressure exceeding the blast pressure by 50-100 kPa, and the amount of blown Organochlorine wastes are regulated depending on the theoretical combustion temperature of the fuel in the tuyere zone (T theory ), using the expression Q = 2 + (T theor- 1800) 0.015. The technical task of the invention is the complete destruction of organochlorine waste in a blast furnace at a flow rate of up to 7-9.5 g / m 3 of blast.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of ferrous metallurgy and to the field of industrial and household waste processing, in particular to the utilization of oil products waste and the destruction of organochlorine industrial wastes of chemical, engineering, radio engineering, electronic, energy and other industries, and can be used to destroy these wastes in Blast furnaces without the use of special aggregates.
There is a known method for utilization of solid wastes of polymeric materials, including materials containing organochlorine compounds, consisting in grinding these materials to a size of less than 3 mm and blowing them into air blast furnaces of blast furnaces through special nozzles introduced through stuffing boxes into the nozzle of a tuyere device (Injecting plastic scrap into The blast furnace. "STEEL TIMES", 1995, No. 6, p.216) .
The disadvantage of this method is that it does not provide for the liquidation of liquid chlororganic waste generated in significant quantities, for example, in power plants of industrial enterprises.
A method for burning liquid chlorine-containing waste in a special cyclone furnace is known (AS USSR No. 1707433, 1993, cl. F 23 G 7/04). This method eliminates the drawback of the aforementioned known method, however, for its implementation, special aggregates are required, and the elimination of organochlorine waste by this method is accompanied by a considerable expenditure of energy resources and, consequently, is accompanied by emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In addition, free chlorine is released into the atmosphere.
The closest to the invention in terms of the technical essence and the results achieved is the known method for the destruction of organochlorine compounds, including their injection into a hot blast stream in a tuyere furnace blast furnace and thermal decomposition and burning them in a high-temperature oxidation zone near the boron space of a blast furnace (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2119125. 20.09.1998) . This known method, adopted for the prototype, eliminates the drawbacks of the analogical methods.
The disadvantage of this known method is its limited use, due to the lack of regulation of its implementation. As a result, with an increase in the supply of organochlorine waste in the tuyere zone in an amount of no more than 3 g per 1 m 3 of blowing, incomplete decomposition of organochlorine compounds takes place and their residues are removed from the furnace with a blast furnace gas.
The technical task of the invention is to eliminate the above mentioned disadvantages of analogs and prototype, complete destruction of chlorine organic waste in the blast furnace at their consumption up to 7-9.5 g / m 3 of blast. The solution of this technical problem is ensured by the fact that in the known method for the destruction of organochlorine compounds, including their blowing in the blast stream in a blast furnace blast furnace apparatus, organochlorine wastes are injected separately or mixed with liquid fuel through a dispersing nozzle introduced into the lance device at a distance from Of the end of the tuyere equal to 0.6-1.8 of its length, under a pressure exceeding the blast pressure by 50-100 kPa, and the amount of blown organochlorine waste is regulated depending on the theoretical combustion temperature of the fuel in the lance zone, using expression
Where Q - the charge of blown chlororganic waste, g / m 3 of blast.
The essence of the invention consists in that when blowing chloroorganic wastes into the flow of blasting in a tuyere device at a distance from the end of the tuyere equal to 0.6-1.8 of its length (in a nozzle or in a tuyere), under a pressure exceeding the blowing pressure by 50- 100 kPa, with the help of a nozzle that provides dispersion of the blown waste, small droplets of injected liquid are introduced into the blast stream, penetrating to its axis, and are transported by the flow of blasting into the tuyere zone. At the same time, they are heated by the time they enter the combustion focus to a temperature of not less than 1800-2000 ° C, at which the complete decomposition of organochlorine compounds occurs, the oxidation of carbon to CO, and the formation of HCl. Hydrogen chloride, rising with the gaseous gases, reacts with the reduced iron and alkali metals and their oxides present in the charge, forming volatile metal chlorides that are removed from the furnace with gases or come out with slags. The high temperature of gases in the tuyere area and beyond it prevents the formation of secondary toxic products such as dioxins and furans. When blowing chloroorganic waste in a mixture with liquid fuel, the efficiency of decomposition of organochlorine compounds is increased due to the fact that microdroplets of these compounds are located inside the droplets of burning liquid fuel around which microvolumes with a maximum temperature exceeding the average temperature of gases in the tuyere zone are formed. The use of expression (1) regulates the consumption of blown organochlorine wastes depending on the operating conditions of the blast furnace, in particular, depending on the theoretical combustion temperature. The regulation of the consumption of blown organochlorine compounds, depending on the indicated temperature, makes it possible to increase their consumption with their complete decomposition in a blast furnace to 7-9.5 g / m 3 of blast.
THE APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION IS ILLUSTRATED BY THE FOLLOWING EXAMPLES
Example №1
On a blast furnace, a useful volume of 1000 m 3 was used to destroy organochlorine waste in the form of sovtol (a mixture of 70% of pentachlorobiphenyl and 30% of trichlorobenzene) by blowing it through a nozzle built into the inner cavity of an air tuyere 0.65 of the length of the lance. The sovtol was fed into the nozzle under an excess pressure of 300 kPa, which is 90 kPa higher than the blast pressure in the tuyere. At a theoretical combustion temperature of 2100 ° C, the amount of sovtol blown into the tuyere was 5 g / m 3 of blast. The analysis of blast furnace gas did not reveal the presence of chlorine and chloride compounds in it.
Example №2
On a blast furnace, a useful volume of 1000 m 3 was used to destroy organochlorine waste as a sovtol by injecting it in a mixture with a waste oil heated to 90 ° C through a nozzle built into the nozzle of the tuyere device at a distance from the end of the tuyere equal to 1.4 times its length. The mixture of oil waste and sovtol was fed into the nozzle at a pressure of 310 kPa, which is 100 kPa higher than the blast pressure in the tuyere. At a theoretical combustion temperature of 2250 ° C, the amount of sovtol injected into the furnace was 8.75 g / m 3 of blast. The analysis of blast furnace gas did not reveal the presence of chlorine and chloride compounds in it.
Thus, the proposed invention allows the destruction of organochlorine waste without significant capital investment and operating costs and without emissions of toxic compounds and greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
CLAIM
A method for destroying organochlorine compounds, including blowing them into a blast stream in a blast furnace blast furnace apparatus, characterized in that the organochlorine waste is injected separately or in admixture with the liquid fuel through a dispersing nozzle introduced into the lance device at a distance from the end of the lance of 0.6- 1.8 times its length, under pressure exceeding the blast pressure by 50-100 kPa, and the amount of blown organochlorine waste is regulated depending on the theoretical combustion temperature of the fuel in the tuyere zone (T theory ), using the expression:
Where Q - the charge of blown chlororganic waste, g / m 3 of blast.
print version
Date of publication 11.12.2006гг
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