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Method of recovering waste batteries
The present invention relates to the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy, in particular to the production of secondary current sources. The invention can be used for repair of batteries, their production and utilization of secondary raw materials. The invention is environmental protection.
There is a method to return to the production cycle of waste lead-acid batteries in which positive and negative active mass of lead-acid batteries was prepared using the active composition extracted from defective electrodes and (or) the active mass of waste generated in the production of batteries. When preparing a positive or negative active mass, while the positive or respectively negative mass, pre-dried and heat-treated at a temperature of 500-600 o C and milled if necessary, is fed into the mill, produce lead powder together with a metal lead not more than 80% in an amount of weight lead metal. The thus obtained product was used in the manufacture of electrodes.
The disadvantage of this method is that to return the waste of raw materials must have a metallic lead powder fraction and return the raw material is used as a supplement to the main process.
A method of processing waste battery plates to obtain an active composition, wherein the active substance extracted from the positive and negative battery plates are exempt from acid residues, washed with water, dried in air, calcined at a temperature of 500-700 o C for 8-60 minutes and then milled into a powder with a particle size less than 60 microns.
Milling can be performed simultaneously with the lead by uploading the calcined mass to a crusher for lead in an amount of at least 80% by weight of lead located therein, the milling may be performed prior to calcination. From the resulting material are made active mass of the positive or negative electrode depending on the starting material or the negative electrode active material, when as the starting material mixture was taken fragments positive and negative plates.
The disadvantage of this method is the presence of manufacturing operations for washing and drying the exhaust air battery plates, which requires additional equipment and consumables, and the introduction of the returned materials are at the stage of preparation and grinding of lead powder.
The present invention is intended to improve the efficiency of the recovery of used batteries, without significant costs, but also the creation of environmentally friendly and non-waste production cycle repeated or multiple recycling of waste batteries.
The proposed method for the recovery of used lead-acid batteries can completely eliminate the use of chemically pure lead in the manufacture of the active mass of the positive and negative electrodes to eliminate washing operation of the process of manufacturing the batteries, but also reduce production costs when producing an electrode by the use of active mass particles more the coarse fraction.
The moldable charge of positive electrodes together with preformatted negative electrodes to stabilize the active area of the negative electrode to reduce the shrinkage of the active mass of the negative electrodes and reduce the dislodging of active mass of the positive electrode, which increases the operational reliability of the batteries.
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