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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2285124
Rotary machine with offset shafts

Name of applicant: Lapytov Ravil Ahatovich (RU)
Name of the inventor: Lapytov Ravil Ahatovich (RU)
The name of the patentee: Lapytov Ravil Ahatovich (RU)
Address for correspondence: 420138, Kazan, st. Dubravnaya, 53, building 2, kv.35, RA Lapytovu
Starting date of the patent: 2005.04.19

The invention can be used in the rotary-piston pumps, compressors, hydraulic motors and engines and internal or external heat supply. The rotary machine includes a housing with compression plates, channels, supply and discharge of working medium and end walls eccentrically mounted therein a hollow profiled rotor toothing on its inner surface, and a synchronization mechanism configured as gears, mounted on two shafts with the possibility of interaction with toothed rotor crown. The outer and inner envelopes of the rotor have a profile formed of three pairs opposite each other both large and small segments of circles with centers at the vertices of an equilateral triangle. The length of the interval formed between the points of intersection of the line passing through the centers of the shafts with the envelope of the profile remains unchanged when the rotor is rotated. The machine is equipped with wheels, rollers, mounted parallel to the gears and rolling over smooth grooves made on the inner surface of the rotor. The radius of the wheels, rollers and gears is less than the radius of the small segment of the inner envelope of the rotor. Reduces the size and weight, increased efficiency, increased power density and performance, prolongs replacement compression plates and durability of rotary positive displacement machines.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to a rotary-piston pumps, compressors, motors and engines internal or external (steam boiler) heat input used in stationary installations or vehicles.

A device rotary-piston hydraulic machines and engines, based on kinematic scheme F.Vankelya (see Biryukov BN Rotary-piston hydraulic machines -.. M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1972, p.16 .; Lenin and IM other automobile and tractor engines -.. M .: Higher school, 1976, Part 1, s.197), in which a triangular shaped rotor with radial and axial compression plates, connected with the working shaft through the gear and moves along the surface inside epitrohoidnoy a housing having a gas distribution channels and end walls.

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to provide effective lubrication points of contact with the inner surface of the housing three radial compression plates arranged in grooves of the rotating rotor, causing intensive wear compression plates and the need to replace the rotor complicated dismantling.

The closest to the claimed invention, taken as a prototype, is a device (see. Patent specification SU №1694986 A1, F 04 C 2/18. "Rotary pump", publ. 30.11.1991. Bull. №44), which comprises body with channels for supplying and removing working fluid and the end caps are eccentrically mounted therein a hollow profiled rotor toothing on its inner surface, and a synchronization mechanism configured as a pinion gear mounted on a drive shaft and gears mounted on the secondary shaft with the possibility of interaction with the ring gear of the rotor, which in cross section is designed as a curved shape, the length of the interval formed between the points of intersection of the line passing through the centers of the leading and more gears with the envelope of the profile remains unchanged when the rotor is rotated, and the inner surface of the rotor has a profile corresponding to its the outer envelope.

The disadvantage of this device is that it can not work at high rotor speed due to large shock loads on the gear shafts, leading to deformation and jamming teeth. As shown by experiments on real models, this is a cause of radius equal to the radius of the drive shaft pinion of small segment (sector) of the rotor, which in the transition from the large gear to the small ring gear segment alternately changes the instantaneous axis of rotation passing through the axis of the drive shafts and complementary.

The technical effect on the achievement of which the claimed invention is the ability to increase the number of revolutions of the rotor by reducing friction and dynamic loads on the components of the proposed rotor machine, which greatly enhances its use as pumps, compressors, motors and engines of displacement type.

The technical effect achieved by the fact that in the proposed device does not move on the rotor pinions, and on hard wheels, rollers, gears which are arranged in parallel and a smooth roll on the inner surface of the rotor compared with a smaller gear friction. Wherein the radius of the wheels and pinions clips less than the radius of small segments of the rotor ring gear, whereby the rotor when moving instantaneous axis of rotation complete "head-on" impact small segment of gear transmission does not occur and the torque on the rotor shafts is sufficiently smooth. A good example of this effect is to free the heavy metal ball rolling on a hard surface, which has a shallow spherical recess. If the radius of the recess over a sphere of radius, the inertia ball slowly rolled and rolled out of it; if the radii of the same, the ball falls into the recess with a blow to the entire surface, and can stay in it, transferring all the energy.

The rotary machine with offset shafts, comprising a housing having compression plates, inlet channels and outlet of working environment and end walls eccentrically mounted therein a hollow profiled rotor toothing on its inner surface, and a synchronization mechanism configured as gears, mounted on two shafts with the possibility of interaction with the toothing of the rotor, which in cross section is formed in a curved shape, wherein the length of the interval formed between the points of intersection of the straight line passing through the centers of the shafts, with the envelope of the profile is unchanged when rotating the rotor and the inner surface of the rotor has a profile corresponding an outer envelope, new is that the device further comprises a circular wheel-rollers, and for them the rotor comprises grooves on the smooth inner surface, with a support which is carried on rolling rotor within the housing with the lowest friction. Wheels, rollers have a radius smaller than the radius of the inner envelope of a small segment of the rotor and can be mounted symmetrically on both gears on their shafts or spindles, mounted on the end walls of the device. The gears comprise at least one tooth is less than six times the number of teeth on a small segment of the rotor and to exclude mutual contacts may be offset relative to one another on the shafts, which are mounted on flywheels for rotational uniformity. For constant mesh gear with a ring gear of the rotor shaft, both parallel shifted in opposite directions in a plane passing through the central line of compression plates installed in the rotary machine housing.

The invention is illustrated in Figures 1-7, where

Figure 1 shows a profile of a generator rotor

2 - the proposed device, a cross-section

Figure 3 - is a longitudinal sectional view of

4 shows the initial extreme right position of the rotor. The upper gear is meshed with a small segment of the rotor and the bottom - only engages with a large rotor segment

5 - an intermediate position of the rotor during its movement from the rightmost position to the left. Currently on the right next cavity is sucked working fluid portion (body) and left - compression or displacement

6 - the leftmost position of the rotor, wherein the top gear is engaged with a large segment of the rotor and the bottom - with a small segment

7 - an intermediate position of the rotor as it moves from the left to the right. In the left chamber are absorbed and on the right - compression and displacement of the working environment.

Where: 1 - the case; 2 - compression plate; 3 - inlet and exhaust ports with valves; 4 - the end walls; 5 - wheel-rollers; 6 - rotor; 7 - a ring gear; 8 - groove; 9 - gear; 10 - shafts; 11 - flywheels; 12 - right cavity; 13 - left cavity.

Rotary machine with offset shafts consists of a housing 1 in which two slots of the spring-loaded compression plate 2 fitted with replaceable without dismounting the end walls 4. The housing 1 with a working medium 3 on the rollers 5 RV-inlet and outlet channels installed rotor 6 having serrated crown grooves 7 and 8 around the perimeter of the inner surface. The ring gear 7 is meshed with two gears 9 mounted on the shaft 10 with flywheel 11. When the position of the rotor vary within the housing cavity 12 volumes of the right and left cavity 13. The outer and inner envelopes of the rotor 6 have a profile which is formed from three pairs of opposing each other large and small segments (sectors 60 °) circles centered at the vertices of an equilateral triangle, shown by dotted lines (Figure 1.). Such movement of the rotor profile 6 inside the casing 1 ensures immobility compression plates 2 and ring gear constant mesh with two gears 7, 9, the shafts 10 mounted in bearings in the end walls 4, as the distance between the points of contact of the rotor with upper and lower compression plates unchanged when the rotor rotates, and this distance is the sum of the radii of the small and large segments of the outer envelope of the rotor. Compression plates made for example of aluminum alloy or graphite-PTFE have a rectangular shape and sufficient height for long term operation.

PROPOSED device operates as follows

In the rightmost position of the rotor 6 shown in Figure 4, by an external torque which may be supplied to one of the shafts 10, or a pressurized working fluid in the right chamber 12 to the rotor 6, the latter moves leftward from the support to the wheels-rollers 5, i.e. is rotated clockwise 60 ° relative to the center (instantaneous axis of rotation of the rotor) of circles of small and large segments of the rotor coinciding with the upper apex of the triangle formed by the dashed lines in Figure 1. When moving the upper rotor gear will be in mesh with a small segment of the rotor and the bottom - with the opposite large segment (5). When this gear 9 turn more than 60 ° on their shafts, as their rotation axes do not coincide with the rotation axis of the rotor and the gear radius smaller than the radius of small radius and a large segment of the rotor segment. In the leftmost position of the rotor (6), the upper gear moves into engagement over a large segment of the rotor, the lower gear - the small segment and the rotor begins to move to the right, rotating at 60 ° around the center (instantaneous axis of rotation of the rotor) of circles of small and large segments ie spaced around the lower vertices of the triangle (7). Having reached the rightmost position of the rotor (4.), Described the cycle repeats. Note that when changing the rotational axes of all rotor inertia forces are transmitted to the wheels-rollers rather than the gear teeth which are in engagement with a constant depth rotor crown gear.

Here a specific example of use of the invention in an internal combustion engine with fuel from the ignition of the compressed air. Let the rotor is in the rightmost position (Figure 4), the inlet valve right cavity is opened, the exhaust - closed; inlet valve left cavity is closed, exhaust - opened. Clockwise rotating shafts with flywheels, the rotor is moved to the left (Figure 5) and thus the air suction is performed in the right cavity and release gases from the engine left cavity. When the rotor reaches the leftmost position (Figure 6), the inlet valve right cavity is closed, the outlet is closed and the left cavity of the inlet valve opens and closes the outlet. Further, during the rotor movement to the right due to inertia flywheels rotating in the right air compression chamber occurs at a temperature sufficient to ignite the fuel (diesel oil or liquefied gas), and the left - once the air intake stroke portion (7). Thereafter, the inlet valve is closed and the right cavity is made through the respective fuel injection nozzles in the far right position of the rotor (4) in the left cavity (not shown). Further, the right cavity happening stroke stroke with the transfer of energy to both the shaft due to fuel combustion and expansion of gases, and the left - cycle air compression (Figure 6). When the rotor reaches the leftmost position (Figure 6), the fuel injection is carried out in the cavity of the left and the right exhaust valve opens. Then in the left cavity occurs working cycle with the possibility of PTO on both shafts, and the right exhaust gas outlet (7). In the right position of the rotor described cycle with two working cycle repeats (Figure 4). To ensure continuity of the processes in the right and left cavities of the engine and smooth movement of the rotor shafts at both the flywheel must have adequate mass. Also possible to implement mnogorotornyh constructions on common shafts to provide constant torque. Cooling and lubrication of the engine, but also drive the valves and injectors may be of any known design and not shown in the figures.

Cubic capacity and engine power are determined by the width of the rotor and the size of the radii of its outer envelope. The volume of each cavity can be calculated using the formula: V = N (R _{^February 2} -R _{1 of}²⁾ P / 6

where P = 3.1415 ...; H - rotor width; R ₁ - radius of a small segment of the outer envelope of the rotor; R ₂ - radius of a large segment of the outer envelope of the rotor. For example, when R ₁ = 10 cm, R ₂ = 15 cm, h = 20 cm, we obtain the diesel engine with a displacement of 2.5 liters, the dimensions 30 × 30 × 30 cm ^3, a weight of 50 kg and a speed shafts thousand to 2 per minute.

Thus, the proposed rotary machine with offset shafts to reduce the size and weight iz-za small number of interacting components, increase efficiency by reducing friction on the rotor case and gear shafts, increase specific power and performance due to high speed of the rotor, to increase the replacement timing of compression plates and durability of the rotary pumps, compressors, motors and engines volumetric heat.

CLAIM

1. Rotary machine with offset shafts, comprising a housing with compression plates, channels, supply and discharge of working medium and end walls eccentrically mounted therein a hollow profiled rotor toothing on its inner surface and the synchronization mechanism made in the form of gears, mounted on two shafts and the possibility of interaction with the ring gear of the rotor, the outer and inner rotor envelopes have a profile formed of three pairs opposite each other both large and small circles segments centered at the vertices of an equilateral triangle, the length of the interval formed between the points of intersection of the line passing through the shaft centers envelope profile is unchanged when rotating the rotor, characterized in that the machine has wheels, rollers, gears and mounted in parallel on smooth rolling grooves formed on the inner surface of the rotor, and the radius of wheels and gears of rollers less than the radius of small segments of the inner envelope of the rotor.

2. The machine of claim 1, wherein the wheel-mounted rollers together with the gears on the shafts or on separate semi-axes, fixed to the end walls.

3. The machine of claim 1, wherein the number of teeth on the gears, at least one less than six times the number of teeth on a small segment of the rotor ring gear and the pinion are mounted on the shafts relative to each other so as to prevent any contact.

4. The machine of claim 1, characterized in that both shafts are offset relative to flywheels and instantaneous rotor axes in a plane passing through the central line of compression plates installed in the housing with the possibility of replacement without dismantling the end walls.

print version
Publication date 16.11.2006gg

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