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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2287709
with heat ENGINE
Applicant's Name: State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Kursk State Technical University" (RU)
Name of the inventor: Yezhov Vladimir S. (RU)
The name of the patentee: State educational institution of higher education "Kursk State Technical University" (RU)
Address for correspondence: 305040, Kursk, st. 50 October, 94, KurskGTU, OIC, Vice-Rector of KSTU
Starting date of the patent: 2005.02.07
The invention relates to a power system. Engine comprises a heat pipe placed in a single housing, connected by a vaporization chamber in contact with the hot medium-adiabatically isentropic chamber condensing chamber in contact with a cold medium, feed pump and a power turbine. The invention improves the efficiency of the heat engine.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a power system and can be used for secondary recovery of thermal energy and the low-potential thermal energy of natural sources, namely the transformation of thermal energy into mechanical energy.
Known turbine plant, comprising a steam turbine, a capacitor connected to the drain and discharge lines and condensate from the condensate pump, circulation pumps and heat storage [1].
The disadvantage of the known steam turbine plant is the inability to operate at its use of secondary thermal energy and natural sources of low-grade heat.
Closer to the present invention is a device (a heat engine) for heat recovery ognetehnicheskogo unit comprising serially connected between a steam generator (evaporation chamber) connected to ognetehnicheskomu unit (hot environment), a power turbine, a condenser (condensing chamber), feed pump, a heater and air heat exchanger [2].
The main disadvantages of the known device (a heat engine) are low-potential impossibility of recycling secondary thermal energy, thermal resources natural sources cumbersome design and inability to work as the orientation in space, which narrows the scope of application, and, ultimately, reduces its effectiveness.
The technical result, which is aimed at achieving the invention is to increase the efficiency of the heat engine.
The technical result is achieved in that the heat pipe engine (HDT) containing serially connected between a vaporization chamber, in contact with the hot medium, a power turbine, a condensing chamber in contact with a cold medium feed pump, the evaporation chamber, a power turbine, condensing chamber feed pump placed in one housing, the evaporation chamber is provided with an end wall whose inner surface is provided with grooves and is covered with a thin layer of porous material and a wick side walls and a hollow wall covered inside with a concave perforated separation elements, which is separated from the coated inside wick adiabatically-isentropic chamber and through its side walls and the layers wick through skipped shaft on which planted a wheel power turbine with blades communicating with the evaporation chamber through the steam nozzle connected to the docking edges of the concave perforated separation element hollow partitions and through the pipe myatogo steam - with the condensing chamber, the side walls of which and covered with a wick, which is a continuation of the wick adiabatically-isentropic camera, with one end of the power turbine shaft connected to a working body and the other planted rotor feed pump, which suction opening is communicated with the reservoir of working liquid, made in the form of cylindrical tubes located in the interior of the wick, and the pressure pipe provided with a nozzle on the end, it communicates with the vaporization chamber.
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The figure presents the proposed engine with heat (HDT). TTD consists of a housing 1, inside which the direction of travel of steam arranged evaporation chamber 2 separated hollow partition 3 with concave perforated a separation member 4, the side walls of which and the blank partition 3 are covered with a wick 5 and the inner surface of the end wall is provided with grooves 6, and is covered with a porous 7. material-isentropic adiabatic chamber 8 and the inside is covered with a wick 9, separated from the wick 5 hollow partition 3. a sidewalls adiabatically isentropic-camera 8 and 9 layers wick passed through a shaft 10, which planted a turbine wheel 11 with blades 12. The turbine 13 communicates with the evaporation chamber 2 via the steam nozzle 14 connected to the docking perforated concave edge separating member 4 and the hollow septum 3. through pipe 15 exhaust steam turbine 13 communicates with the condensing chamber 16, the inner wall surface of which is coated with the same wick 9. One end shaft 10 is connected to the working member (not shown) and the other planted rotor 17, a feed pump 18, which suction opening is communicated with the reservoir of the working fluid 19, which is a cavity in the form of cylindrical tubes located in the wick 9 and communicating with it through the pores in the outer surface of the central axis of which extends the shaft 10, and the evaporation chamber 2 with the feed pump 18 is connected to pressure pipe 20 provided with a nozzle 21. At the heart of the proposed TTD is the main loop steam power plants - Rankine cycle, according to which the positive work in the turbine steam expansion is significantly greater than the negative work on the condensate pump compression [3, p.117], and high efficiency of heat transfer in heat pipes, which are divided into three sections: the evaporation zone (heat input), the adiabatic zone (heat transfer) and the condensation zone (heat removal) with an internal wick and partially filled with a working fluid - a carrier of heat, which is used as water, alcohol, freons, liquid metals t. d. [4, p.106]. |
TTD WORKS AS FOLLOWS
Previously, before use of the chambers 2, 8, 16 HDT deaerated and separately pumped working fluid, which is selected according to temperature capacity of hot and cold media in evaporation chamber 2 and jointly adiabatically-isentropic and condensation chamber 8 and 16, respectively (fitting for removal of air and the working fluid is not shown) in an amount sufficient to fill the pore volume of the wick 5 and 9, the cover 7 and the grooves 6, the reservoir of working liquid 19 and a pump 18 to the discharge conduit 20, after which the body 1 TTD is set such way to the evaporation chamber 2 into contact with the hot medium and the condensing chamber 16 - with cold. As a result of heating the vaporization chamber occurs two end working fluid evaporation in the grooves 6, a porous material 7 which prevents the formation of a vapor film on the interior surface of the end and thus intensify the evaporation process [5, p.22], generates steam pressure is created in the evaporation chamber 2 obtained by vapor passing through the concave perforated separation element 4 is released from entrained droplets of working fluid and the nozzle 14 enters the blades 12 wheel power turbine 11, rotating it with the shaft 10, which said rotary motion to the rotor 17, a feed pump 18 and the torque M on the working end of the shaft 10, whereby the housing 13 occurs isentropic turbine heat drop of steam while reducing the temperature and pressure [3, p.331], and then through the exhaust steam pipe 15, exhaust steam enters the condensation chamber 16, the pressure which is considerably smaller than in the evaporation chamber 2, there is condensed by contact of the outer surface of the chamber 16 with cold medium and then the resultant condensate is absorbed pores wick 9 and under the influence of capillary forces and the vacuum created by the pump 18, adiabatically [5, p.106 ] is transported to the reservoir of working fluid 19 from the pump 18 via pressure conduit 20 and the nozzle 21 under pressure, the magnitude of which is determined by a working steam pressure in the evaporation chamber 2, the working liquid is sprayed on the surface of the porous material 7, is absorbed by them enters into the grooves 6, where there is the above evaporation process, steam is released from the droplets of the working fluid to a separation element 4 and then through the nozzle 14 falls on the shoulder of the power turbine 12, and a drop of the working fluid, most of which due to the curvature of the separation element 4 is dropped onto the surface of the wick 5, absorbed them and together with the non-evaporable droplets coming from the nozzle 21 due to capillary forces move the vaporization of the camera 2 as in the conventional heat pipe.
Thus, TTD permits obtaining mechanical energy by utilizing the thermal energy of different secondary potential (energy waste water, waste gas, etc.), thermal resources natural sources (solar energy, water, etc.) in any orientation space that it provides high performance in a variety of situations.
INFORMATION SOURCES
AS №1574842, ul. F 01 K 17/04, 1990.
AS №769038, ul. F 01 K 17/06, 1980.
I.N.Sushkin. Heat. - M .: Metallurgy, 1973. 480 p.
V.V.Haritonov et al. Secondary teploenergoresursy and environmental protection. - Minsk Executive. School, 1988, 170.
Heat pipes and heat exchangers, from science to practice. Collection of Scientific. tr. - M., 1990, 157 p.
CLAIM
With heat engine, comprising serially connected between a vaporization chamber, in contact with the hot medium, a power turbine, a condensing chamber in contact with a cold medium, feed pump, characterized in that the evaporation chamber, a power turbine, condensing chamber feed pump placed in one housing, the evaporation chamber is provided with an end wall whose inner surface is provided with grooves and is covered with a thin layer of porous material and coated inside wick sidewalls and hollow partition with concave perforated separation elements, which is separated from the coated inside wick adiabatically-isentropic chamber through the side walls and the layers which wick through skipped shaft on which planted a wheel power turbine with blades communicating with the evaporation chamber through the steam nozzle connected to the docking edges of the concave perforated separation element hollow partitions and through manifold exhaust steam - with the condensing chamber, the side whose walls and covered with a wick, which is a continuation of the wick adiabatically-isentropic camera, with one end of the power turbine shaft connected to a working body and the other planted rotor feed pump, which suction opening is communicated with a reservoir of working fluid, made in the form of cylindrical tubes placed in the thickness of the wick and the discharge conduit, equipped with a nozzle on the end, it communicates with the vaporization chamber.
print version
Publication date 27.12.2006gg
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