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NOZHLENINNY HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATIONS OF THE NEW GENERATION
Patent number 2I66664 dated 10.05.01.
Author: Lenev Nikolay Ivanovich
Tel. (095) 354-30-90, 101-56-83, t / f 202-46-76
The invention proposes an original way of using energy as a water stream of any kind (rivers, creeks, tides, sea waves, etc.), previously not used in any of the existing designs, and the movement of air masses. At the same time, a natural stream is used, without preliminary transformation (construction of dams, canals, pressure pipes).
This method of weakening the power of the water flow is the most profitable from an ecological point of view, since it does not violate the natural river bed, occupying from 1% to 10% of the area, thus not interfering with the free movement of the river Fauna and Flora, unlike the existing HPP .
In order to understand , feel, as well as what forces operate in GEB , it is enough to conduct an experiment in your own apartment:
Put water in your bath, measure out 1 meter and put marks, for the beginning - just draw a palm for 1sec . This meter.
Tried it?
Now take in the kitchen a cutting board and compare its area with the area of my blade - 180 x 500 mm . Most likely, it will be 0.5 area of the blade. Slowly gently sweep it several times, trying to approach the speed of 1m / s . Have felt - what effort?
But that is not all! Rotate your board by 45 degrees and try again, trying to keep your hand parallel to the length of the bath, still aiming for 1m / sec . Impressive !?
And even this is not all. I have 16 such blades in the installation, which has dimensions of 0.6x0.7x1.5m . So multiply who by 16 , and who and 32 , depending on the size of their boards.
Only this is all the background. The story began when specialists began to look at it.
As immediately identified prof. L. N. Britvin - it creates in front of itself a small backing of centimeters 10 at a flow rate of 1m / sec . And behind it - the discharge and therefore on the blade water, falling from this support, is already acting at a different speed than in the surrounding stream. And if there is still a discharge at the output of the installation, the flow under the influence of the centrifugal force and the gravitational constant increases its speed! What is not difficult to see in the presented photos on the outgoing flow and the breaker that it creates.
As the Doctor of Technical Sciences says. Chapkevich A.L. - works like a pump.
The most interesting for today, i.e. 04.02.2005 . Saw in the installation a senior scientific employee of the FIAN Ph.D. Zakharov S.D. - two rows of blades move to meet each other - hence, the flow is twisted, and with the formation of two counter vortices. The Reynolds number for the installation in question is 170,000 . Water "boils" inside, even the color changes a little!
As I understood from his still far from complete investigations - the phenomenon of cavitation forced to produce useful work, without destroying - because of low speeds and pressures - the body of the installation.
Undoubtedly, someone else will find something in it ...
Photo of a working installation on the river. Bazaise before loading
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 Before loading |
 The flow at the inlet to the installation is V = 1 m / s |
 Flow at the output of the installation V = 3.14 m / s |
The design is a system (two rows) of blades of a rectangular shape (a flat plate) whose axes divide them into two ( 1/2 ) unequal parts, the largest of which is always (due to the flow) located behind the axis further downstream. This results in a minimal rotation of it around its axis and, consequently, the smallest turbulent eddies. The axes of the blades, in its upper and lower parts, are in turn fixed on the upper and lower, closed in the rings - PRL chains (or on any other flexible element). The chains transmit force through the sprockets (working wheels) to two vertical shafts, from which the mechanical energy of the moving medium (water, air, etc., etc.) through the flexible coupling and the intermediate shaft is transmitted to the shafts of the electric generators. The shafts of the installation through the bearings are rigidly fixed to the frame of the installation, which have closed on 2/3 lateral and blind bottom walls, which does not prevent additional water from flowing from the surrounding flow through the top and 1/3 of the side walls of the installation. In a single frame it is rational to place at least three settings. The position of the blades in relation to the main flow is regulated by the fixed guides for the chain and movable for the larger of the sides of the blade, and by changing the distance between the movable blade guide and the fixed blade for the chain, we set the required rotation angle between the blade and the direction of the main flow from 0 0 to 45 0 , thus achieving the optimum operating mode of the plant or stopping it completely. Thus, the flow acts on the blade in fact perpendicular, at 90 ° . One of the shafts of the installation has a tension device that regulates the tension of the chains. The blades must have freedom of rotation on their axes, and the axles can also rotate freely in the chains. Between the blade and the attachment point to the chain on the axles, rollers must be installed that will roll along the fixed guides, thereby keeping the chain constantly perpendicular to the direction of the main flow.
Unlike the existing sources of electricity, this design was created "handy", acceptable for manual manufacturing, installation and maintenance. It allows you to use components from the equipment that is already available today, such as agricultural machinery, which has served its term of vehicles and other suitable "iron." And this makes the manufacture of the first product many times cheaper, which in two or three months will pay for itself as its own production, and will earn the next product at today's electricity tariffs! 20kW * 24h * 30 days * 0.48rub (tariff of the region) = 7 000 rubles per month .
The geometric dimensions of a part such as an asterisk (impeller) for all sizes of installations should preferably be kept within 500-350 mm. , Since the number of shaft rotations directly depends on this. The diameter of the shaft itself is calculated for each specific load and operating conditions and ranges from 25-5 O mm . The size of the blades, their number, respectively, and the strength of the chain are selected depending on the width and depth of the river, and the number of pieces of installations in the length of the river - from the required power consumption!
Under the accepted characteristics, a corresponding body is made, preferably from a pipe, to obtain additional buoyancy. The frame is made collapsible, which will allow it to be assembled on-site without the use of load-lifting mechanisms.
The dimensions of the blocks are not limited, depending on the required capacity and size of the river. As an example, take: width - 1200mm , depth - 700mm , length - 1250mm , i.e. Volume - 1 cube. Meter , it allows you to place in it 3 settings with 17 blades in each, having, in turn: width - 150mm and depth - 500mm , i.e. Each area - 0,075kv.m , and since two blades will always be on the corners, then the total working area of one installation is I, 125kv.m, and the sum of 3 in one frame (1 cubic meter of flow) will be 3.375kv . Meter !
This is what makes it possible to make the most of every cubic meter of the flow of a moving medium.
This is what makes it possible to use the emerging centrifugal and centripetal accelerations, which significantly increase both the flow velocity and the action of the gravity force, divided into sections, of the flow of the moving medium. In our case, rivers.
What materials should this device be made from ?! Of any helpers. Wood, plastic, aluminum, iron, titanium - anything that can afford. From this, only the service life of your installation will hang, that's all. This will not affect the generation of electricity.
Call me at least one of the existing designs that allow such a choice of materials for manufacturing ?! No such, do not remember.
Pay attention, the speed of it is quite low ( 45/60 ), and it works constantly in the water, i.e. Wear of materials will be minimal.
Many questions about its silting, overgrowing with algae, etc. Logs, large branches, other large-sized garbage, we turn the net off. Well, everything else will go through it like a pipeline. In winter, the method used by the rafters to raise the warmer lower layers of water is used for a long time with the help of several logs before installing the load at one end, and on the other - the float. The water, rising, will wash the necessary lane in the ice.
Dimensions of the installation in question: length - 1250mm , width - 1200mm , depth - 700mm , total 1kub. Meter of the occupied volume of the river. Any other combinations of these sizes are possible, for the creek - reduced depth, but due to the number of installations in along the length of the stream, we gain any necessary power. After all, the speed in the streams is much higher, and, for example, at a flow velocity: V = 10 m / sec , from each cube. Meter we can REMOVE - at = 10x10: 0.2 = 500m / secF = 1000h500 = 500000n; P = 500000х0.63 = 315000н; Or N = 315kW !
The total cost of installation with a capacity of 20 kW will not be more than 50,000 - 120000 rubles. Not more than 5000 rubles per 1 kW . Installed power. Or in W.E. From $ 50 to $ 150 , let's take the average of 100 US dollars .
The material capacity of one kilowatt of our installation, depending on the materials used for manufacturing, will vary from a few hundred grams (plastic) to 2-ZKg (steel) per 1 kW of power . Power.
Terms of manufacture - will be measured depending on the technical preparedness of the manufacturer - months, weeks, days, and when mass-produced in a profile plant for a 1kW output. Ver. Power - hours and minutes!
The timing of installation is depending on which installation is being discussed. If we are talking about a portable installation for tourists, hunters, fishermen, etc., it will take half an hour or an hour to develop and install it into the river (along with inflating the floating pontoon). If we are talking about a hydroelectric power plant with a capacity of several MW or GW for a large city or an industrial enterprise - 1-2-3 years, depending on who will install it and how. It depends on what means will be immediately released for this, etc. Questions that do not depend on the design itself.
Operational needs - to monitor, of course, it is necessary, but otherwise it is not more difficult to rake installation turned out, and therefore the personnel for the service is more honest than the educated.
So compare with any of the existing sources of energy. According to any of the indicators, our installation has an order of magnitude, or even two advantages.
So the choice is yours, gentlemen.
print version
Author: Lenev Nikolai Ivanovich
PS Material is protected
Date of publication 13.03.2005гг
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