As a driver does not become a victim of car wagons



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Ostap Bender, as is known, knew 400 relatively honest ways of taking money from the population. But he would have envied the current scammers in the ability to "breed" for money. According to our observations, motorists become victims of criminals most often. According to Major Valery Drevilo, this category of people attracts scammers for several reasons. First, drivers almost always have money with them (at least for gasoline), and secondly, a motorist is not the poorest layer of the population: they do not buy the last "hard" cars.

Ways of "divorce" for today came up with a lot. We'll tell you about the most popular ones.

Purchase in groups



"A car for 300-500 UAH per month" - such an advertisement on an advertising poster can often be seen in large shopping centers next to a brand new car that awaits its owner. Money like small - why not ask about the terms? And what if it's true?

The trick of the swindler. Next to the car there is always a table, behind which there is a nice-looking young man or a girl with "honest" eyes. Offer to buy a car here on a special scheme: 1000 people discount 300 UAH. And for this money they buy 5 cars for 60 thousand UAH. a piece. Between participants of the group a rally is held, and every two hundredth gets a car. The rest continue to pay 300 UAH. And attract new members of the "lottery". Next month, another 50 cars will be played. The cycle continues until all the members of the group receive the car. How can you not believe in a miracle and good luck? Trust is further reinforced by the fact that the employee of the pyramid company displays a bunch of documents, licenses, guarantees.

Actually. To pay for 300 UAH. Per month for years. Every month, notifications will be received that "this is not you who won" this month. At any time from the group you can go out, but there is one bad luck - the entrance fee and monthly fees are not returned. We are sent to the editorial office by readers who are trying to get a car for 5-6 years. "During this time, I would have already paid off a normal loan for a long time," writes Alexei N. from Donetsk.

Helpful advice. Strongly do not recommend participating in any schemes that resemble a pyramid even remotely. Remember that free cheese is only in a mousetrap.

Comment of the psychologist. According to Tatyana Nazarenko, psychologist at the Center for Practical Psychology and Psychoanalysis of Imago, Tatiana Nazarenko, the most vulnerable to participation in such groups, are people whose psyche is in a depressed state (stress, depression). "In situations where it is very difficult for a person to cope with the perception of reality, the person's psyche begins to regress.In order to protect himself from anxiety, a person begins to use" magic "thinking.Man begins to feel that with the help of certain rituals, actions (for example, monthly contributions) He can join a large and all-powerful structure, and this will give him the opportunity to have something that others can not afford without making serious efforts, "the expert said.

Road Stands



Since the mid-1990s, when a car became available to many people, the type of fraud that has received the slang term "auto-delivery" has become extremely widespread. There are two main schemes here.

The trick of the swindler. Scheme 1. Accident with an expensive car.

Scammers (usually experienced drivers) operate a group of two or three cars. They identify on the road a person who rides alone and does not drive very confidently. With the help of some provocation, he is forced to commit a crash planned by criminals. The simplest (but by no means the only) way: when the victim rides in the extreme left row, one of the criminals' cars, allegedly "in a hurry," lights and / or a sound signal "drives" the slower "teapot" from the left row. The victim gives way to the right, and the collision occurs: the front machine, which the victim had in the "dead zone" (it can not be seen in the mirror), suddenly produces acceleration and is put under attack. Formally, the victim is to blame for the accident - she allegedly "cut" the dummy machine.

After that, the driver and passengers of the shell machine shouting and threatening to extort money from the victim "for repairs", demanding to pay on the spot without calling the traffic police and doing nothing. They rest on the fact that in case of formal proceedings the amount of compensation will be greater.

Actually. The machine, for which the fraudsters extort money, can visit several similar accidents in one day, and in reality the amount for the restoration of its minimal-decent kind is substantially less than the one that scammers manage to take away from the victim.

The trick of the swindler. Scheme 2. Downed pedestrian.

This trouble usually awaits the driver when the car leaves the yard or the supermarket parking lot. Suddenly, the car knocks down the pedestrian, which effectively slides down the windshield, leaving dents on the hood. Everything happens so quickly that the driver does not even have time to understand anything. The pedestrian is lying and writhing with pain. There are also witnesses who saw how this pedestrian was shot down, and the punishment for such an offense is difficult. Naturally, the driver prefers to "agree on the spot."

Actually. Under the guise of a pedestrian, a scammer works, who himself rushes to the hood. "Fall" so that there are dents from an allegedly strong collision is not difficult - the hood is a fairly "tender" detail.

Comment of the psychologist. "The victim in this case feels guilty - first, because of formal violation of traffic rules, and secondly, the victim, as a rule, has little experience of driving." Accident is an unusual stress from which a person seeks to get out as soon as possible and Makes a mistake, "- says Tatyana Nazarenko.

Helpful advice. "The means of auto-provisioning, or at least the minimal damage from it, is insurance of the car, a categorical refusal of" payment on the spot, "the call of the traffic police and the insurer's representative immediately after the collision.It must be insisted that the damage is compensated by the insurance," commented Us in the press center of the State Automobile Inspection of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. However, we were not told what to do to the driver if the traffic police officer does not see the real cause of the accident, fixes the violation of the rules by the victim of traffic rules and transfers the rights to the court, where they either set a high fine, or take them from 1 to 2 years.

Engine flushing



The trick of the swindler. When replacing oil at almost all STO masters ask a standard question: "Will we clean the engine?" As a rule, the motorist automatically answers "yes." With further conversation, the masters always convince themselves that this can not be done without. Standard arguments: "The engine is cleaned of the old oil, we pour in fresh. We must avoid the mixture of the old oil with the new one, especially if the mineral water changes to synthetics."

Actually. "Wash the engine from the inside is almost impossible, especially if there have already formed coke deposits.Washing oil can wash only light fractions: paraffin, petrolatum, leaving the slag skeleton.The small piece of these knuckles, no more than 2 mm, will break off and slip through the channel, And if not, it will block the supply of oil, for example, to the crankshaft, it will be "deformed", after which the shaft will simply "hurt", says Vasily Shevchik, director of the SRT "Volvo +" .- In addition, the washing oil is an oil with unknown tolerances and standards Is it worth pouring into an expensive engine an unknown boar? "

Helpful advice. If you still decided to flush, it is best to pour oil recommended by the car manufacturer into the engine, wait for it to work for several days, drain it and pour freshly together with replacing the oil filter with fresh one. The meaning of the washing procedure is only in the case when foreign substances enter the engine (for example, if foreign matter is accidentally filled).

Drugs for the engine



The trick of the swindler. But scammers are waiting for the motorist not only at the moment when he wants to buy a car, goes behind the wheel or conducts standard maintenance. Many drivers are trying to improve their car and are looking for ways to do it by some simple methods. Especially for this category of car enthusiasts, scammers sell "miracle tools." "If it is poured into the engine, according to the sellers, the old car will" fly like a new one, "sellers say.It is such a pleasure relatively inexpensive - from UAH 100 to 500. For comparison, the overhaul of the motor will cost $ 600-2000.

"Cheap Yushka" many motorists do not bother and they enthusiastically carry fraudsters money. And how can I not believe it, if in the eyes of the amazed public the oil is drained from the engine, and he continues to work - such a trick is often demonstrated at exhibitions. Various additives, judging from advertising, reduce the consumption by as much as 30-40% and relieve the motor of the need for repair.

Actually. According to the experts interviewed by us, it is difficult to understand the "who's who" car chemistry market. The fact is that some of the additives that are being sold really do benefit the engine, but most of it is a usual trickery.

Types of additives



Remetallizators. These are compositions in which compounds or ions of soft metals are contained in a neutral carrier completely soluble in oil. Getting into the friction zone, these compounds fill the microroughnesses and create a cladding layer restoring the surface.

Oil change quickly nullifies the effect of the initial processing of the remetalizer. Moreover, even a short-term absence of the preparation in the oil system leads to the "scraping" of the protective layer from the surface of the cylinders with piston rings, especially in the starting regimes. Therefore, there are often cases of engine jamming after treatment with such drugs.

Teflon-containing preparations. Teflon is a good antifriction and non-stick material that works effectively almost immediately after falling into the friction zone. However, the instability of Teflon coatings is also well known. Because, in particular, the claims of some firms are doubtful, as if a single treatment of the engine with a drug of this group ensures the duration of the action of the antifriction layer by 1 million miles.

For the effective work of the additive, its constant presence in the oil is necessary. In addition, Teflon is an excellent heat insulator. The presence of a Teflon layer on the walls of the combustion chamber leads to a significant increase in the gas temperatures in the cylinder: an almost twofold increase in the yield of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases is observed. The experts polled by us note even cases when prolonged use of Teflon preparations led to coking of the piston rings and, as a result, overheating of the pistons and the output of the power unit.

Polymeric antifriction preparations (friction modifiers). These drugs were created by specialists in the defense industry and initially had a narrow purpose - to ensure a short-term preservation of the mobility of military equipment in the event of serious damage to the oil system.

When using these preparations, the oil pump intake fuser and oil channels "overgrow" with the polymer, the channel cross-sections decrease - this leads to an increase in pressure (reduces fuel consumption, increases power), but a side effect is the premature wear of the engine bearings. And this is treated only overhaul.

Repair and Restoration Composition (RVS). Their action is based on the unique properties of the serpentitic powder. In the course of friction, the serpentite decomposes with the release of a large amount of thermal energy, under the influence of which the metal is heated, the microparticles of the mineral are incorporated into its structure, and a composite metal-ceramic structure (metal-mineral) is formed, which has a very high hardness and wear resistance.

The use of RVS in engines faces a serious problem: the aggregate treated with minerals loses its thermal stability. As a result, the engine is at risk of overheating. In addition, in the process of running-in engine with RVS because of the sharply increased temperatures of the cylinder, the consumption of oil is significantly increased and the piston rings are often released. In addition, the developers of the RVS did not solve the problem that friction pairs with different mechanical properties work on the motor - on many engines abrasive wear of individual components occurs.

Helpful advice. According to Andrey Dallakyan, the director of the STS "KievScan", no additional additives are needed to the engine - the composition of high-quality motor oil is quite universal. "If the engine does not work, only the minder will help," the expert notes. At the same time he adds that after processing the engine with additives, the cost of repair can grow by 20-30%.

Anecdote in the THEME. "I added a friction modifier to the engine oil, which gave me 25% of the fuel economy.Remetallizator gave 30%, metal conditioner - the same, 28% added geomodifier and Teflon additive ... And now every 30 km I have to stop casting gasoline From the tank ".

Gas for tires



The trick of the swindler. About three years ago, Ukrainian tire shops began to massively offer a new service - refueling tires with gas. Judging by the annotations, the composition of the "tire" gas includes nitrogen, argon, neon, helium and other useful substances. "Nitrogen is needed to ensure that the tire is not oxidized, neon and helium - for smooth running, as well as for improving wheel cushioning and maintaining constant pressure." Adding argon is added to the composition so that the gas mixture does not fly through the tire damage and loose seating of the tire and disc "- written in advertising. The super gas, according to the sellers, has many other useful properties: it improves the handling, stability of the car, reduces the braking distance and noise from the contact of tires with the road surface. The cost of the service is 50-100 UAH. (Depending on the "brand" of the product). Filling the tires with ordinary air costs 5 UAH.

Actually. "In addition to the internal impact on the rubber, there is still no less aggressive air outside, so there's no point in talking about the corrosion resistance effect." The same goes for the softness of the "tire" gas: all gases in nature have the same rigidity, "says Mark Boroday, an expert -autotechnician of KNIISE (Kiev Scientific Research Institute of Forensic Expertise).

But that's not all. An employee of one of the tire fitting shops, on condition of anonymity, told us that in reality under the guise of special gas, normal air is pumped into the tires. "But customers still say that they feel an improvement in the behavior of the car." Psychology, "explains the master. In fact, tire changers have come up with a way to make money from the air in a literal sense.

Helpful advice. Fill the tire with ordinary air and in no case overpay for gas in 20 times.

Fuel Activator



The trick of the swindler. "Hit" the last few years - fuel activators. In the market offer a device, which must be cut into the fuel line.

According to the developers, when the fuel passes through the activator, the one through the creation of electromagnetic vortices "charges" the molecules of gasoline or diesel, which causes the fuel to burn more efficiently.

Actually. According to Alexander Voronkov, director of the State Enterprise "Research Institute of Chemical Technologies" Chemotechnology, "with the help of electromagnetic radiation alone it is impossible to achieve an increase in economic efficiency." This is charlatanism, "the expert says." Moreover, a chemist can not even imagine, How the electromagnetic radiation can affect the property of petroleum products is confirmed by his opinion and the test results of the German magazine "Auto Motor and Sport", which showed the absolute uselessness of the device described above.

Helpful advice. You can achieve real savings by changing the style of driving.

Tablets for gasoline



The trick of the swindler. The last two years in the auto store are actively selling special pills, which should be added to the fuel, so-called bioadditives. According to the developers, this tablet will reduce fuel consumption by as much as 30%. Other properties of the tablets: optimization of the combustion process, improved heat transfer, cleaning of the pipeline and fuel tank. The price is 180UAH. For 10 capsules. Consumption - 1 capsule for 60 liters of fuel.

Actually. According to the Moscow Institute of NAMI, such tablets are not some kind of miracle liquid, but the most common naphthalene. And this means is known since the 80's - naphthalene increases the octane number. True, there are consequences - naphthalene, this forms an incredible amount of carbon in the fuel system and crystallizes, hammering in the hoses, gasoline pump and injector injectors.

Helpful advice. Reduce fuel consumption and extend the life of the car by using high-quality fuel, changing the manner of driving and maintaining the car in an ideal condition.

Panacea from the camera



The trick of the swindler. With the introduction of new fines for violation of traffic rules in the automotive markets, a new product - a means of protection from gaish photo and video cameras.

Frames and varnishes. For the car enthusiast, a wide range of various frameworks is offered: luchenproof, "with exposure", "with automatic dimming", "reflective". The cost is from 50 to 800 UAH. According to the sellers, for the cameras of the State Automobile Inspection, the numbers of cars equipped with such devices of cars are not visible. The same goes for the work of the "photoblocker" spray advertised on the Internet - it shines only when the camera is working with a bright flash, but the GAI special means work without it.

Actually. The principle of operation, fixing the function of the GAI cameras, does not differ from the work of a conventional camera. Even if you photograph a number with an ordinary digital camera, it will be perfectly visible both with the frame and without it.

Helpful advice. A truly effective defense against fines is driving by the rules.