Magic experiments that will make children gasp and explanations for them

Egg in the bottle

You need: an egg, a bottle with a neck diameter smaller than an egg, a thin strip of paper and a drop of vegetable oil.

Experience: Can I put an egg in a bottle without breaking a bottle or an egg? It is possible, if it is quail. But we will try to do this with the usual. To do this, egg the egg and clean it from the shell. Lubricate the neck of the bottle with vegetable oil. Light the paper and throw it at the bottom of the bottle, and then immediately put the egg on the neck. When the paper goes out, the egg will suck in.

What happens: The fire burns oxygen in the bottle and creates thin air in it. Low pressure from the inside and normal atmospheric pressure externally act together and push the egg into the bottle. Due to its elasticity, it slips through a narrow neck.

Fountain of cola and Mentosa

You need: Two-liter bottle of dietary Coca Cola and 5-6 Mentos.

Experience : In order not to flood the entire house with a cola, it is best to conduct this experiment on the street. Dragee Mentos should hit the bottle at the same time, because the reaction begins almost instantly. To do this, they can be put on a bent paper groove and let it slip into the bottle, or even better - put it on the thread one by one and lower it at once into the cola. Another important point - try to bounce back more swiftly, so as not to fall under the sweet fountain.

What happens: The rough surface of the dragee causes the carbon dioxide dissolved in the beverage to actively release. Cola sharply foams, and with force breaking out of the bottle, forms a fountain.

Toothpaste for an elephant

You need: a plastic bottle, a tray, dry yeast, 6% hydrogen peroxide, food color, liquid soap or dishwashing liquid, water.

Experience : Put the bottle on the tray. Fill in it half a glass of hydrogen peroxide, add a little soap or detergent and do not regret the food color. Separately, in a cup, carefully mix 2 tablespoons of warm water and 1 teaspoon of yeast (work on it for at least a minute), and then pour the mixture into the bottle. Almost immediately, a colored foam reminiscent of toothpaste, which is squeezed out of a large tube, will actively come from it.

What happens: Hydrogen peroxide breaks up into water and oxygen, and yeast as a catalyst accelerates the reaction. Soap contributes by multiplying bubbles. By the way, the bottle and toothpaste will heat up - during the reaction heat is released.

Puffy colors

You need: Pancake flour, fine salt, water, food colorings or gouache, cotton swabs or a thick brush, thick drawing paper.

Experience : To make a single color paint, mix 1 tablespoon of flour and 1 tablespoon of salt in a glass, and then add three tablespoons of water and paint. In the same way, prepare colors of other colors. Draw better on thick paper or cardboard with cotton swabs or a thick brush (use a separate brush for each color). After the drawing is ready, "bake" it in the microwave - enough will be 4-5 minutes at a power of 600 watts. During this time, the colors will swell and solidify and the pattern will become voluminous.

What's happening: Our paint, in fact, it's an ordinary dough, only a color, so it rises in the microwave.

Ice gems: paint the ice from the inside

Need: Forms for ice (any cups and bowls are also suitable), tray with bows, salt, liquid food colors or paints, pipettes or teaspoons.

Experience : In advance, in the evening, freeze more ice in large and small molds. The next day, prepare in a few containers of strong salt solutions and add paint there. Spread the ice figures on a tray, and drop piping or a teaspoon on them with saline solutions. Salt will melt the ice, "drill" in it the strokes, and the paint will paint from within with bizarre patterns.

What happens: When sodium in the salt comes in contact with ice, a reaction occurs with the release of heat, which causes the ice to melt. That's why the streets are sprinkled with a mixture of sand and salt.

Home Rain

You need: Large transparent container (can, salad bowl), water, shaving foam, pipette or teaspoon, liquid food color. Instead of the dye, you can take gouache or watercolor and dilute them in water.

Experience: Pour water into the container and squeeze into it lush clouds of foam. Then, drop a few drops of dye with a pipette or a teaspoon on the foam in different places and wait - the rain will soon come down from the cloud.

What happens: The paint seeps through the foam and sinks to the bottom due to the greater density. Experience helps to show and explain to children what is rain.

Dancing worms from starch

You need: Corn starch, water, a thin metal baking sheet, a subwoofer or a column, gouache or food coloring.

Experience: Mix 2 cups of starch with 1 glass of water. Pour the liquid onto the baking tray, add a few drops of paint and place it on a subwoofer or speaker. Turn on the dynamic music, lightly press the tray with your fingers, and enjoy the rhythmic dance of colored worms.

What happens: Water with starch is a non-Newtonian fluid that behaves quite differently than usual. If it is influenced by force, that is, to beat, squeeze, crush, it becomes firm, so you can even run around it. Music is something like sound strikes of different strengths. The mixture, responding to them, hardens and moves.

Lighted match

Looking for: Matches, flashlight.

Experience : Light a match and keep it at a distance of 10-15 centimeters from the wall. Shine on the match with a flashlight, and you will see that only your hand and the match itself are reflected on the wall. It would seem, obviously, but I never thought about it.

What happens: Fire does not cast a shadow, since it is itself a source of light.

Refractory ball

You need: 2 balls, a candle, matches, water.

Experience : Puff the ball and hold it over a lighted candle to show the children that the ball will burst from the fire. Then in the second ball pour plain water from the tap, tie it and again bring it to the candle. It turns out that with water the ball calmly withstands the flame of a candle.

What happens: The water in the ball absorbs the heat emitted by the candle. Therefore, the ball itself will not burn and, therefore, will not burst.

Pencils

You need: a plastic bag, simple pencils, water.

Experience : Pour water in a polyethylene bag half way. Pencil pierce the package through the place where it is filled with water.

What happens: If a plastic bag is punctured and then water is poured into it, it will pour through the holes. But if the packet is first filled with water half and then pierced with a sharp object so that the object remains stuck in the bag, then water will flow almost out of these holes. This is due to the fact that when a polyethylene rupture, its molecules are attracted closer to each other. In our case, polyethylene is tightened around pencils.

A Wandering Ball

You need: a balloon, a wooden skewer and a little liquid for washing dishes.

Experience: Lubricate the top and bottom of the device and pierce the ball, starting from the bottom.

What's happening: The secret of this trick is simple. In order to save the ball, you need to pierce it at the points of least tension, and they are located at the bottom and at the top of the ball.

Cauliflower

You need: 4 glasses of water, food colorings, cabbage leaves or white flowers.

Experience : Add each colorant food color of any color and put in water one sheet or flower. Leave them for the night. In the morning you will see that they are painted in different colors.

What is happening: Plants suck in water and at the expense of this nourish their flowers and leaves. This is due to the capillary effect, in which water itself tends to fill the thin tubes inside the plants. So eat and flowers, and grass, and large trees. Sucking up the colored water, they change their color.

Floating Egg

You need: 2 eggs, 2 glasses of water, salt.

Experience : Gently place the egg in a glass with plain plain water. As expected, it will sink to the bottom (if not, perhaps the egg is rotten and it is not worth returning it to the refrigerator). In the second glass, pour warm water and stir in it 4-5 tablespoons of salt. For the purity of the experiment, you can wait until the water cools. Then lower the second egg into the water. It will float at the surface.

What happens: It's all about density. The average egg density is much larger than that of plain water, so the egg sinks down. And the density of the brine is higher, and therefore the egg rises.

Crystal candies

You need: 2 glasses of water, 5 glasses of sugar, wooden sticks for mini-shish kebabs, thick paper, transparent glasses, a pan, food colorings.

Experience: In a quarter cup of water, cook sugar syrup with a couple tablespoons of sugar. Pour a little sugar on the paper. Then you need to dip the wand into syrup and collect the saquarks. Then distribute them evenly on the stick. Leave the sticks to dry for the night. In the morning in 2 glasses of water on fire dissolve 5 glasses of sugar. For 15 minutes you can leave the syrup cool, but it should not cool down, otherwise the crystals will not grow. Then pour it over the jars and add different food colorings. Harvested sticks in a jar of syrup so that they do not touch the walls and the bottom of the can, this will help the clothespin. Then it remains only to wait, watch the process, and then - to eat the resulting delicacy.

What happens: As the water cools, the solubility of sugar decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your stick with a seed of sugar grains.

Glowing water

This experience will require some preparation and additional purchases, but it will look especially impressive.

You need: one high glass, detergent solution (20 ml), 3% hydrogen peroxide (10 ml), 3% luminol solution (5 ml), several crystals of potassium permanganate.

Experience : pour a solution of detergent into the glass, hydrogen peroxide and luminol solution. Separately, rub several crystals of potassium permanganate and also send it to a glass. When you try to mix the mixture, it will foam and it will sparkle beautifully.

What happens: luminol begins to glow when it reacts with hydrogen peroxide.

Self-inflating balls

You need: a ball, soda, a bottle, vinegar.

Experience: pour soda into the ball, and pour vinegar into the bottle. Put the ball on the neck of the bottle, and then turn it over so that the contents of the ball poured into the vinegar, and watch.

What is happening: the fact is that when soda is added to vinegar (soda quenching), carbon dioxide is released, which inflates the balloon.

The Magic Candle

One candle and a lighter are needed.

Experience : light the candle and after a while put it out. When the candle goes out, the smoke will rise from the wick. If you bring the fire to the smoke, then the candle will light up again.

What happens: the smoke that rises from the wick contains a vapor of paraffin, which easily ignite. For these pairs, a light comes to the wick, as shown on the hypha.

Ball and funnel

You need: a funnel and a ping-pong ball.

Experience : flip the funnel wide down, put the ball in the funnel and support it with your finger. Then start blowing into the narrow end of the funnel and stop holding the ball with your finger, without stopping the blow. The ball must stay inside.

What happens: the faster the ball passes the ball, the less pressure it exerts on the ball. The air pressure between the walls of the funnel and the ball is much less than outside, so while you are blowing, the ball will remain in the funnel, even if you turn it vertically. To the same experience, you can adapt the vacuum cleaner.

Ball and orange

You need: one orange, inflated balls (as long as you wish).

Experience : Cut off a piece of peel from an orange, as if you were cleaning an orange for food. Pressing on the peel, sprinkle the juice of zest on the balloon. The ball will burst.

What happens: In an orange peel, a lot of such a substance as limonene. It actively dissolves the rubber, so a thin ball can not resist it.

Lava lamp

You need: Salt, water, a glass of vegetable oil, several food colors, a large transparent glass or a glass jar.

Experience : Fill a glass with water for 2/3, pour the vegetable oil into the water. The oil will float on the surface. Add the food colorant to the water and the oil. Then slowly pour 1 teaspoon of salt.

What happens: The oil is lighter than water, so it floats on the surface, but the salt is heavier than oil, so when you add salt to the glass, the oil begins to sink to the bottom along with the salt. When the salt breaks up, it releases the oil particles and they rise to the surface. Food coloring will help make the experience more vivid and spectacular.

Personal rainbow

You need: Capacity, filled with water (bath, basin), flashlight, mirror, sheet of white paper.

Experience: Pour water into a container and put a mirror on the bottom. We direct the light of the flashlight to the mirror. Reflected light should be caught on paper, on which a rainbow should appear.

What happens: A ray of light consists of several colors; When it passes through the water, it decomposes into its component parts - in the form of a rainbow.

Volcano

Need: Tray, sand, plastic bottle, food color, soda, vinegar.

Experience : Around a small plastic bottle of clay or sand, you need to dazzle a small volcano - for entourage. To cause the eruption, you should put two tablespoons of soda into the bottle, pour in a quarter of a glass of warm water, add a little food coloring, and at the end pour a quarter of a glass of vinegar.

What happens: When soda and vinegar come into contact, a violent reaction begins with the release of water, salt and carbon dioxide. Bubbles of gas and push the contents out.

Growing Crystals

Need: Salt, water, wire.

Experience : In order to obtain crystals, it is necessary to prepare a supersaturated solution of salt, such that when salt is added, the salt does not dissolve. It is necessary to keep the solution warm. To make the process better, it is desirable that the water is distilled. When the solution is ready, it must be poured into a new container to get rid of the debris that is always present in the salt. Further, a wire with a small loop at the end can be lowered into the solution. Put the jar in a warm place, so that the liquid cools down more slowly. In a few days on the wire will grow beautiful salt crystals. If you get used, you can grow pretty large crystals or patterned hand-made articles on twisted wire.

What happens: As the water cools, the solubility of the salt decreases, and it begins to precipitate and settle on the walls of the vessel and on your wire.

Dancing coin

You need: A bottle, a coin, which you can cover the neck of the bottle, water.

Experience : Empty unopened bottle should be put for a few minutes in the freezer. Wet a coin with water and cover it with a bottle taken from the freezer. After a few seconds, the coin will begin to jump and, hitting the neck of the bottle, make sounds that look like clicks.

What is happening: The coin lifts the air, which in the freezer contracted and took up less volume, and now it is heated and began to expand.

Colored milk

You need: Whole milk, food colorings, liquid detergent, cotton buds, a plate.

Experience : Pour the milk into a plate, add a few drops of dye. Then you need to take a cotton swab, dip it in a detergent and touch it with a stick in the center of the plate with milk. Milk begins to move, and colors - to mix.

What happens: The detergent reacts with fat molecules in the milk and drives them. This is why skim milk is not suitable for the experiment.

Fireproof bill

You need: Ten-ruble note, tongs, matches or lighter, salt, 50% alcohol solution (1/2 part of alcohol for 1/2 part of water).

Experience : Add a pinch of salt to the alcohol solution, immerse the note in the solution so that it is completely soaked. Grab the bill from the solution with the tongs and allow the excess liquid to drain. Kindle a bill and watch it burn, not burning.

What happens: As a result of burning of ethyl alcohol, water, carbon dioxide and heat (energy) are formed. When you set fire to a bill, alcohol burns. The temperature at which it burns is not sufficient to evaporate water, which impregnates a paper bill. As a result, all alcohol burns out, the flame goes out, and a slightly damp dozen remains intact.

Walking in the Eggs

You need: two dozen eggs in the cells, a garbage bag, a bucket of water, soap and good friends.

Experience : Spread a garbage bag on the floor and put two boxes of eggs on it. Check eggs in boxes, replace, if you notice, a cracked egg. Also check that all eggs are oriented in one direction - either with sharp ends up, or blunt. If you put your foot correctly, evenly distributing the weight, you can stand or walk around the eggs barefoot. If you do not want to be extreme from careless movement, you can put a thin board or tile on the tops of eggs. Then nothing can stop.

What happens: Everyone knows that the egg is easy to break, but the eggshell is very durable and can withstand a lot of weight. The "architecture" of the eggs is such that, under uniform pressure, the stress is distributed throughout the shell and does not allow it to break.

Pinhole camera

Looking for:

• A camera that supports long exposure (up to 30 seconds);
• A large sheet of dense cardboard;
• Painting tape (for pasting cardboard);
• A room with a view of anything;
• Sunny day.

An experience:

1. We seal the window with cardboard so that the light does not come from the street.
2. In the center, make a smooth hole (for a room 3 meters deep, the hole should be about 7-8 mm).
3. When the eyes get used to the darkness, on the walls of the room there will be an inverted street! The most visible effect will be on a bright sunny day.
4. Now you can shoot it on a camera with a long exposure. Exposure 10-30 seconds will do.