Creams and sizing for shoes

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226. Creams for footwear. 227. sizing for shoes. 228. Grease for leather and drive belts.
229. Grease belt hats and harnesses. 230. Giving the skin waterproof.
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226. Creams for footwear.

Creams can be divided into two groups: turpentine and water.
I. Turpentine creams. We must bear in mind that the production of turpentine creams is some danger in the fire relation, especially when enjoying an open fire. By working hand should always be a cap to seal the pot in case of fire turpentine. Under the feet should always be running the old carpet to muffle during the ensuing fire. The eyes should be protected sunglasses. Smoking and light a match in a room, where they work with turpentine, it is not allowed. In case of burns at hand should always be baking soda, which is overlaid with a thick layer on the burn; To work requires no special cookware: enamelled cast iron boiler is sufficient to cover. Different colors of cream should be a separate bowl. It should also have a thermometer Celsius, ie graduated from 0 to 100 |. The boiler is poured required amount of oleic acid (see. Below), and dissolving it in the desired amount of aniline dyes (black or color), soluble in fats. When the paint bloom, put in a pot strained mixture of wax and stir melted, while observing with a thermometer to the molten mass temperature does not rise above 95 | and did not fall below 90 | C. Then, when melting occurs on the Primus, then put out the pre-fire, a thin stream add the required amount of turpentine, all the while carefully stirring. If melting occurs at the plate, it is necessary to remove the pot from the stove.
mass temperature should be such that it after the addition of turpentine was not lower than 40 | and not more than 50 | C. Care should be taken that the temperature does not drop below 40 | C, since such a weight, poured into tins, will not have a good figure. Warming ohladevshey mixture does not fix things, and therefore you must first on a small sample to find out what happens after the addition of turpentine and the temperature in certain cases (especially in winter) it is better to warm turpentine, putting the bottle in hot water. turpentine winter temperature should be around 20-30 | C, and in summer 10-15 | C.
Turpentine cream usually poured into jars or tins flat. Covers like those, and others should be tight fitting to turpentine could evaporate. In the handicraft workshops are usually bottled with a small saucepan with a spout, large industries - special filling machine. To cream during operation is not cooled below 40 | C, should be a pan with cream dipped in a basin of hot water (50 | C). The room temperature should be around 15, |, then cooled cream in cans is better and is a more beautiful face cream.
Some varieties have a characteristic pattern of cream in the form of a ring-shaped or zigzag lines running from the edges to the center of tins. They are formed only in the case of the creams include better quality materials, such as carnauba wax. Even with a small content of carnauba wax in the ointment can cause the characteristic pattern on the surface of the cream. For this purpose, the air flow to suit poured into cans cream, ointment fanning a fan.
Here are a few recipes turpentine creams. From the experience of the master depends choose a mixture of waxes to get the best quality and at the same time the cheapest ointment.
Here are some tried and tested recipes turpentine creams for footwear:

1) 30 parts Carnauba wax 15 parts Paraffin (48-50 | C), 105 parts of turpentine, 3 parts of oleic or stearic acid, 2 parts 1.4 aniline dye.

2) 5 parts of carnauba wax, 5 parts of yellow beeswax, Japan wax 5 parts, 17 parts of wax, 68 parts of turpentine, 1.5 parts of oleic or stearic acid, 1 part aniline dye.

3), 5 parts of carnauba wax, candelilla wax, 12 parts, 10 parts of paraffin wax, 65 parts of turpentine, 1.5 parts of oleic acid, 1 part aniline dye.

4) 8 parts of carnauba wax, candelilla wax 8 parts, 12 parts of paraffin wax, 68 parts of turpentine, 1.5 parts of oleic acid, 1 part aniline dye.

5) 30 parts of shellac wax, 15 parts of paraffin 105 parts of turpentine, 3 1.4 parts oleic acid, 2 parts of aniline dye.

6) 10 parts of shellac wax, 20 parts of paraffin wax, 60 parts of turpentine, 1.5 parts of oleic acid, 1.5 parts of aniline dyes,

7) Ceresin 10 parts, 5 parts spermaceti, 30 parts of turpentine, aniline dye 1 part.

Aniline dyes, as is known, there are two types: soluble in fats and insoluble in water and alcohol. For turpentine creams used exclusively aniline dyes, soluble in fats and to water creams - aniline dyes, which are soluble in water.
For black creams most widely employed nigrosine WLA, WL, KS and C.
For yellow creams metanilovaya yellow, orange II of, II of yellow, AUTOL orange, yellow Persian, Persian-brown. By mixing these colors, you can get any shade.
Colored turpentine creams are prepared in the same manner as the black, with the only difference being that the materials for color creams are more bright and clean.
For white zinc oxide creams take better quality, and for the destruction of yellow add a little ultramarine (blue laundry).

II. Aqueous creams turpentine different from that in which the solvent is not turpentine and water. In the preparation of aqueous creams saponification of waxes used potash. For the preparation of ointments water artisanal does not require any special cookware. You can work in an ordinary enamel pot on the stove or on the stove. Since this method does not use turpentine, the operation is perfectly safe in the fire relation.
The pot is placed and melted wax mixture, stirring thoroughly. In order not to burn wax, the temperature should not be higher than 95 | C. In another pot pour 10% potassium carbonate solution, and when the dissolved potash boils, it is poured slowly to the melted wax carefully stirring. If you just pour a lot of potash, the boiler will rise a lot of foam, which can go over the edge. In this case, sprinkle it with water and foam quickly settles. The mixture was heated to until it becomes homogeneous. The remaining water, which must be added to the wax dissolved aniline dye soluble in water. Finally, the dye solution is poured to the hot wax smylennomu, thoroughly stir and pour into tin boxes.

Here are two tested recipe water creams;

1) 4 parts of carnauba or shellac wax, beeswax, 16 parts, 3 parts of potassium carbonate, 4 parts of aniline dyes, 100 parts of water.

2) 16 parts of carnauba wax, Japanese wax 6 parts, 3.5 parts of potassium carbonate, 4 parts of aniline dyes, 120 parts of water.

Colored creams are prepared in the same way, only instead of black aniline dye nigrosine WLA, WL, use yellow creams for extra methane yellow, orange on; for brown creams - brown HARBOR GM and others.
Water creams for shoes are much cheaper than turpentine, and their preparation is much safer in the fire relation. Well prepared aqueous creams are also good for cleaning shoes, like turpentine. They have the further advantage that no smell turpentine.
Colored water creams better to pour into a glass dish, as an ointment tins color may change.

III. Mixed creams. There is a third kind of creams - mixed creams, which are hydrolyzed potash wax, then diluted with turpentine.

Here is the recipe of this cream.
4 parts of carnauba wax; Beeswax 16 parts, 3 parts of potassium carbonate, 2 parts of aniline dye, 60 parts water, 30 parts of turpentine.

IV. Liquid creams. Creams or liquid sizing for shoes are painted shellac aqueous alkaline solutions, which is applied to the skin with a sponge or brush and which provide for excellent drying gloss.
China, which is preparing dressing should be copper or well vyluzhennaya; in any case, the solution should not be in contact with iron. Dressing should also not be stored in cans, as in conjunction with iron shellac will stand out from the solution as a floc.
The water is used for the preparation of the finish, it should not be hard, and it is better to use distilled water. Prepares dressing as follows: in a copper cauldron dissolved potash, then gradually added to the boiling solution of shellac. Saponification takes place quickly, and when all of shellac dissolved, cooled and allowed to float to the surface of shellac wax. The wax is removed by filtration or simply remove the spoon. Wax This, of course, should not be disposed of, it can be used for the preparation of turpentine and water creams (see. Above). Then added to the still hot solution of the required amount of aniline dyes soluble in water, and stir thoroughly until the paint does not disperse. Since finishing with prolonged storage may be covered with mold, it is useful to add a small amount of formaldehyde. Appreturu Pour into glass vials, and a traffic jam using a copper (non-iron) wire fasten the sponge with which to smear appreturu shoes. Here are a few proven finishing agents:

1) 10 parts of shellac, 2 parts of potassium carbonate, 2 parts of Nigrosine, 100 parts of water.
2) 68 parts of shellac, 15 parts of borax, 10 parts Nigrosine, 400 parts of water.
3) 20 parts shellac, 8 parts of ammonia, 4 parts Nigrosine, 120 parts water, 50 parts of castor-oil soap.

227. sizing for shoes.

Finisher cream substitutes, and differs from the latter in that for gloss after spreading it, does not require rubbing brush.
Black dressing. Take 20 parts of shellac, 10 parts of borax on 140 parts of water, heated in a water bath with constant stirring until dissolved and add 20 parts of sugar, 12 parts of glycerin and 5 parts of an aqueous Nigrosine. The pre-cleaned with soap and water leather objects smeared with a brush or a sponge that soaked in dressing.
Yellow dressing. Take 2 pieces of yellow wax, stearin 1 part 1 part linseed oil, melted in a water bath, add 6 parts of turpentine, part I of yellow, golden ocher. Simultaneously, the solid was dissolved 1 part soap to 10 parts of water and, with continuous stirring, this solution was mixed with the above mixture to obtain a uniform mass to which is poured gradually 8 parts water. After cooling, it is filled with masses of bottles with a wide neck.

228. Grease for leather and drive belts.

Take 60 parts olein, 20 parts of resin, 50 parts of paraffin oil, 5 parts of castor oil, melt and stir until cool.

229. Grease belt hats and harnesses.

First, prepare the following compounds:
1) The pure fish oil or blubber add 1/3 lard and cook all together so that the fat mixed with fish oil; then cool in the tin.
2) Simple gray soap to boil in water until it does not dissolve and allow to cool in the tin so as to obtain a soft cream.
3) Dilute a little sandal in a bottle with vitriol.
First of all, should be washed with lukewarm water belt with a strong soap and brush so that all old ointment or coal tar, as well as dust and dirt came off. Then wet the skin still smeared with the first composition, rubbing his sukonkoy. When the ointment is dry votretsya in the belt, then to obtain gloss, rub his dryness same sukonkoy second composition. Worn and rusty place on the belt slightly smeared third composition. The latter, however, should be done as little as possible, as the frequent use of the composition can damage the skin.
Lubricate the belt should always moist, never hang them in the sun, and leave in a damp place, without fear of mold, which can always be wiped with a cloth. The most dangerous for the belt and harness: tar, heat and sun. If the straps or harnesses were previously greased with tar, then once they do not need to rinse and wash them several times. Cracked or pereprelye belts, of course, can not be restored, and you can not take for new skin that has been greased with tar, which is easily recognized by their smell. New belts should be lubricated infrequently and keep in a cool place. Long lay the new belts and harness good grease boiled hemp oil.
We have tested the recipe for many years and always gave excellent results.

230. Giving the skin waterproof.

To make a waterproof skin, use of liquid and solid fats, which are used alone or in admixture with each other. They must meet the following requirements: to penetrate deeper into the skin possible, to do the last flexible and soft and does not tell her any unwanted features. For these ointments that give skin tightness, suitable all vegetable and animal fats and oils having a weak acid reaction, and various kinds of wax with the addition of the resin, and without it. Drying oils, although referred to in many recipes for this purpose should be avoided because they make the skin over time, rigid and brittle. The use of glycerin is useless, as it is removed from the skin with water. Mineral oils are also not suitable. Over time, the action-by the water tightness of the skin is lost, so the grease should be repeated from time to time. We offer the following means to impart impermeability of the skin. Dissolve the yellow beeswax to saturation in gasoline, the solution was heated in a water bath and to it was added 1/10 spermaceti in melted form. Frozen mass is preserved in jars and used in the following way; Melt in a water bath, it is applied to the skin with a brush or brush. The skin must be dry and slightly heated. Ointment penetrates deep into the skin and, moreover, it forms a thin surface layer. Last did not prevent the cleansing cream.
There is another compound that has been tested in a number of experiments and gave very good results: it is a mixture of 50 parts by weight of mutton fat, melted on a light fire, 49 parts of linseed oil and 1 part by weight of turpentine. The composition is applied to dry or cold skin. This cream is particularly suitable for hunting shoes and, moreover, both in the field of raw, swampy, and to loose, deep snow; in all such cases, it perfectly protects shoes from moisture.
Here is a good composition to impart impermeability shoes. Take 1/4 liter of linseed oil, and heating it to light the fire, dissolving it in 50 grams of fat, 5 grams of wax, 5 g of wood resin. This is slightly heated mixture thoroughly lubricate shoes. The skin of this is not only very soft and flexible, but also completely impervious to water.
Any leather shoes can give impermeability, if you put it on a few hours in the water, which dissolved in the greatest possible number of gray soap. By drying shoes sing not only preserves the original softness, but it becomes even gentler; and infiltrator into all pores of the skin soapy solution fills them formed with fatty acid, which is not water tight.