Marble and alabaster

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40. Cleaning of marble. 41. Paint for marble and alabaster.
42. Artificial marble painting. 43. Post the hardness of gypsum.
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40. Cleaning marble

Thick gum arabic solution is prepared and coated by brushing them marble, gum arabic and then allowed to dry completely. When the latter is dry, it is separated from the surface of marble (dried gum arabic easily behind the marble), and together with gum arabic and removed all extraneous pollutants marble, difficult to remove by washing with a simple marble.
Alternatively, you can prepare a mixture of 1 part by weight of chalk, the same amount of finely ground pumice and 2 parts of soda. preparing water doughy mass from the mixture, which cover the contaminated part of the marble, then wash with soap and water. To remove the last covered with grease stains chalk chalk powder is poured on marble fairly thick layer, then a layer of chalk is well wetted with petrol and to eliminate the rapid volatilization of the last petrol soaked chalk cover inverted upside down saucer. Several hours later, the chalk is removed and, if the grease stain still remains, once again repeated the same operation with the fresh chalk and a new portion of gasoline. Sometimes marble is covered with rusty metal spots. To remove them do so: in the ammonium sulfide dissolving clay of good quality to obtain a pasty mass. The weight of the applied fairly thick layer to the stain. After 10-15 minutes the weight is removed and a fresh batch is applied, which is also 5 minutes later removed, after which the marble washed with water and dried. If the stain remains, then proceed to secondary treatment: cover stain dough, prepared from 1 part by weight of white bolus and 4 parts sinerodistogo potassium (poison that requires careful handling). This mass is left to stand for 30 minutes on a marble, then removed and the same operation is repeated; then the marble is washed and dried. Thus one can derive from the marble surface, even the most inveterate metal rusty spots.

41. Paint for marble and alabaster.

Not all paint is suitable for coloring marble or alabaster. To paint and began to hold steady, it should be prepared as follows: make a solution of borax and vegetable coloring matter, and then add to the solution a few drops of nitric acid, or any nitrate. For example, to dye blue marble is prepared with a solution of borax and indigo are added a few drops of nitric salt of iron (as a liquid). For painting in red with brown dissolve any red vegetable dye. Replacing colorant ink nuts, prepared for marble and alabaster solid black paint.

42. Artificial marble painting.

As you know, all the colored marble varieties are very expensive. Consequently, in recent years widespread artificial staining cheaper white marble. staining method is as follows: unpolished marble covered and placed horizontally staining solution (see below.), so hot that it further foamed. The colorant then penetrates deeply into marble and kept very firmly. The dye solution is prepared in alcohol. For coloring in blue litmus dissolving in alcohol, the amount of the latter is determined by the desired density of color. For yellow gamboge used solution. And if on top of the first color (Litmus) to put a second (gamboge), we get an excellent green color.
The thus prepared root solution Alans, cochineal, etc. marble colors in red. Finally, a solution of alcohol in equal parts of zinc sulfate, ammonium chloride and verdigris stain marble in golden color. You can make a very spectacular mosaic of pieces of different colors of marble, painted in this way: the beauty and strength of color, it does not yield a mosaic of expensive varieties of marble, although it is much cheaper.

43. Post the hardness of gypsum.

It is known that gypsum is mixed with water and then solidified, do not differ strength: it becomes very brittle and therefore finds relatively little use. To correct this deficiency and to inform gypsum greater hardness, in America used the following method: 6chastey gypsum mixed with 1 part lime, and this mixture is then manipulated as with ordinary plaster.
Objects made from such mixtures, after drying, impregnated with a good solution of zinc sulfate. Objects made of gypsum, thus treated, is much stronger ordinary gypsum craft.