Angina

Angina (acute tonsillitis) - an acute infectious disease that occur with inflammation of the tonsils and regional lymph nodes to them.
Cause. In most cases (80-90%) are the causative agents of angina streptococci bacteria.
The sources of infection are in angina patients with various forms of acute streptococcal diseases and "healthy" carriers of streptococci. The largest epidemiological significance patients with localization of microbial hearth in the upper respiratory tract (tonsillitis, scarlet fever).
Distribution of Streptococcus occurs through airborne droplets. This mode of transmission of the pathogen causes the infection of susceptible persons who are in close and prolonged enough to communicate with the source of infection, especially in areas with low temperature and high humidity. Perhaps the appearance of angina outbreaks in the use of food products (milk, minced meat, jam, vegetables, fruit, jelly, mashed potatoes), infected persons with pustular skin lesions caused by streptococci, which are able to replicate in these products.
The process of developing the disease. Infection atriums and the main hotbed of breeding the pathogen are tonsils. Because strep outbreak can spread through the blood and lymphatic vessels, causing various complications -. Peritonsillar abscess, inflammation of the middle ear and other streptococcal sore throat are of great medical problem, since the lack of effective treatment of the disease may be the cause of so-called metatonsillar diseases - rheumatism, myocarditis, glomerulonephritis . Pronounced immunity after suffering angina does not occur.
The susceptibility of people to angina is approximately 10-15%. Most exposed to it young people (under 30 years). They account for 75% of all diseases.
Signs. The incubation period for angina is 1-2 days. The disease begins acutely with fever, general weakness, headache, aches in the joints, pain in the throat when swallowing. Fever lasts 15-30 minutes, and then is replaced by a feeling of heat. Body temperature varies between 38-39o C.
Sore throat in the beginning only slightly worried when swallowing, and then gradually increases, becomes constant, reaching maximum severity on the second day.
For angina is characterized by enlargement and tenderness sealed hyperadenosis (defined by the left and right at a palpation in the mandibular angle level): they increased in size, elastic, not soldered together and the skin.
Palatal handles, tongue, tonsils, and sometimes the soft palate in the early days of bright red color. On the tonsils may be abscesses or areas of accumulation of pus.
Recognition of the disease. The diagnosis of angina - a very important decision, as have other similar features, a very serious disease, late diagnosis which can be fatal (diphtheria, etc.). Therefore, the appearance of pain in the throat when swallowing is always necessary to consult a doctor.
Without repeating the above signs of angina, we point out that is not characteristic of angina:
sharp mucous oropharyngeal edema, particularly palatine arches, soft palate and tonsils (diphtheria);
neck swelling (diphtheria);
strikes spread beyond the tonsil (diphtheria);
rashes on the skin, in addition to herpes;
inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye and the century;
runny nose and cough;
inflammation of the other nodes (zadnesheynyh, lateral cervical, and others.), except uglochelyustnyh;
stomach ache;
fever more than 5-7 days.
At any angina performed bacteriological smear from tonsils to identify the causative agent of the disease, including diphtheria.
Treatment. Patients with angina, regardless of the severity of the condition and the period of illness (even in the period of recovery) are in need of antibacterial treatment for the prevention of subsequent rheumatic fever, myocarditis, glomerulonephritis. Do not apply sulfonamides and tetracyclines, since it is not sensitive to streptococci.
In the febrile period it is recommended to drink plenty of liquids. Antipyretics (acetylsalicylic acid, aminopyrine) is shown only at the body temperature of 39o C or higher. Taking these drugs contributes to the rapid decrease in body temperature and creates an imaginary being. This leads to a rapid expansion mode, the sick, and later complications.
In the acute phase of the disease and in the early days of normal body temperature is needed bed rest, then polupostelny and home to a normal body temperature of the 7th day. At this time, taking a multivitamin is shown 2 tablets 3 times a day.
In the topical treatment of angina as a rinse throat and warming compresses on the neck does not play a significant role. In the early days of the disease with increased salivation useful mouthwash warm 2% solution of soda.
Indicators of health after undergoing a sore throat is a normal body temperature for 5 days, no sore throat and pain with palpation hyperadenosis, normal levels of blood tests, urine and electrocardiogram.
Within a week after the sore throat it is recommended to exclude large exercise.
When a sore throat, fever, or there are any other abnormalities in health within 1-2 months after undergoing a sore throat should immediately consult a doctor, as these terms are often relapses occur angina, and there are various complications.
Clinical examination. For recover established medical observation for 1 month. On the 1st and 3rd week after discharge is performed blood tests and urine tests, if necessary - ECG.
Pereduprezhdenie disease. The patient with angina, it is desirable to isolate in a separate room, to provide him personal tableware, towel.