Description of the medicine: Glucagon (Glucagon)

GLUCAGON (Glucagon).

Synonym: GlukaGen HypoKit, GlucaGen HypoKit.

The hormone produced by α-cells of the islets of Langerhans pancreas.

The polypeptide (C ₁₅₃ H ₃₂₅ N ₄₃ O ₄₉ S), consisting of 29 amino acid residues.

Linking to specific receptors of liver and skeletal muscle cells, activates adenylate cyclase, which transfers ATP to cAMP, which stimulates the activity of phosphorylase, which breaks down glycogen, and suppresses the activity of glycogen synthetase and, as a result, enhances gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis in the liver and increases the concentration of glucose in the blood. It also has a positive inotropic and spasmolytic activity.

Glucagon is rapidly metabolized in the liver and kidneys (T _S -10 min).

They are used mainly for the relief of hypoglycemia, developing with an overdose of insulin (see), usually in combination with carbohydrates (glucose solution).

They are also used for the poisoning of beta-adrenoblockers and calcium channel blockers.

Enter the skin under the skin, intramuscularly or intravenously to adults for 0.5-1 mg (if necessary, repeat the injection after 12 minutes); Children - 0.025 mg / kg.

When poisoning, β-adrenoblockers are administered intravenously at a rate of 0.005-0.15 mg / kg, then drip at a rate of 1-5 mg per hour, with calcium channel blockers - 0.002 g (2 mg) once.

In case of an overdose, nausea, vomiting, and allergic reactions may occur. These phenomena, however, quickly pass.

Pregnant women glucagon is prescribed only for acute need. It is not recommended to use the drug during lactation.

Glucagon is contraindicated in insulinomas (possibly the development of a paradoxical hypoglycemic reaction) and pheochromacitome (stimulates the release of catecholamines into the blood).

Form release: lyophilized powder for injection solutions in bottles of 0.001 and 0.01 g (1 and 10 mg) complete with a solvent. There are also other (multi-dose) dosage forms.