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Drug Groups

Группы лекарственных препаратов

All modern medicines are grouped according to the following basic principles:

  1. For therapeutic use (therapeutic groups): for example, drugs for the treatment of inflammation, lowering blood pressure, antimicrobial drugs.
  2. Pharmacological action, that is, the effect (vasodilators - dilating vessels, spasmolytics - eliminating vasospasm, analgesics - reducing painful irritation).
  3. Chemical structure: for example, salicylates obtained on the basis of acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin, salicylamide, methyl salicylate), fluoroquinolones.
  4. Nosological principle, that is, some medicines are used to treat a strictly defined disease (eg, agents for the treatment of myocardial infarction, bronchial asthma, etc.), others can be used in the treatment of several diseases.

All medicines can be divided into the following groups:

  1. Drugs that act primarily on the central nervous system (anesthetics, sleeping pills, anticonvulsants, tranquilizers and antipsychotics, antidepressants, psychostimulants, nootropic drugs, Parkinson's medications, analgesics, antitussives and antiemetics).
  2. Drugs that act primarily on the peripheral nervous system.
  3. Means acting in the field of sensitive nerve endings, i.e., having a local anesthetic effect, such as novocaine, astringents, drugs neutralizing hydrochloric acid in the stomach, drugs with a "distracting" effect - menthol, validol, ointment based on bee Or snake venom, laxatives and expectorants.
  4. Means acting on the cardiovascular system (cardiac glycosides, antiarrhythmics, drugs that improve the blood supply of individual organs and tissues, antispasmodics, blood pressure regulators).
  5. Means that increase urination (otherwise - diuretics), and drugs that inhibit the formation of urinary stones.
  6. Drugs that improve liver function.
  7. Means that affect the musculature of the uterus (stimulating or relaxing).
  8. Means that regulate metabolic processes (hormones, their analogs and anti-hormonal drugs, vitamins, enzymes and their antagonists, agents that affect blood clotting, blood cholesterol, nonspecific metabolism stimulants, drugs used to correct water-electrolyte balance and excretion Toxic products).
  9. Drugs that affect immunity (immunomodulators and immunocorrectors).
  10. Antioxidants.
  11. Antimicrobial, antiviral, antiparasitic, antifungal agents (antibiotics, interferons, antiseptics and various synthetic drugs).
  12. Drugs used in the treatment of cancer (mainly substances that inhibit the multiplication of cells, as well as antagonists of certain hormones).
  13. Diagnostic agents (radiopaque substances, dyes).
  14. Other preparations of various pharmacological groups (sugars, sorbents, photo-protective preparations, agents for the treatment of alcoholism, agents that depress the appetite).