Rubella
Rubella - an acute infectious disease with airborne transmission; It characterized by short-term fever, spotty rash and swelling zadnesheynyh and neck lymph nodes.
Symptoms within. The incubation period of 16- 20 days. Typical early symptoms - swelling eadnesheynyh, occipital and other lymph nodes. In some cases, there is little pronounced catarrh of the upper respiratory tract. Along with a small increase in temperature on the whole body skin appears pale red blotchy rash, elements of which have no tendency to merge and disappear in 2-3 days, leaving no pigmentation. The state of health of the patient, usually hardly broken. Rubella infection often occurs in secret. Complications of postnatal infection is very rare (arthropathy, encephalitis). In utero infection of the embryo dies or he develops a chronic infection with rubella defeat of various organs and the formation of fetal malformations (microcephaly, hydrocephalus, deafness, cataracts, heart defects, and others.). When intrauterine infection develops after organogenesis fotopatiya (anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, hepatitis, bone lesions, and others.). These children experience a long persistence of the virus.
Unlike measles with rubella in most cases there are no catarrhal period, spot-Belsky Filatov - Koplik expressed phasing rashes; rash paler, has no tendency to merge and leaves no pigmentation, and peeling. Accurate diagnosis helps serology (HAI).
Treatment is symptomatic.
Weather favorable.
Prevention. Isolation of the patient until the 5th day of the disease is ineffective, since most convalescent viral shedding may last longer. It is necessary to protect pregnant women without a history of rubella, by communicating with patients for at least 3 weeks. In case of contact with a sick pregnant woman it is recommended to introduce rubella hyperimmune gamma-globulin (20 mL). In women the disease rubella in the first 3 months of pregnancy is considered to show it to the interrupt. A method of active immunization.
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