ANAL CRACK
ANAL CRACK (anus of anus) - a disease caused by a defect in the mucosa of the anus; Is manifested by intense pain in this area and periodic bleeding. It occurs as a result of damage to the mucous membrane of the anus during a difficult act of defecation, during childbirth, etc. Inflammatory changes in the mucous membrane of the rectum and anus (proctitis, cryptite, papillitis) and hemorrhoids contribute to the formation of the anal fissure.
Pain in the anal fissure is intense and prolonged (up to 5-6 h or more), occur during and after defecation, which is caused by tonic spasm of the anal sphincter.
The disease can occur acutely or chronically. In acute pain, as a rule, they are very intense and force the patient to delay defecation. Density of stool masses is therefore increased, which causes additional traumatization of the mucosa of the anus. If the acute course is characterized by sharp pain during the act of defecation, then in the chronic course of the disease, pain usually increases after bowel movement.
When viewed, the anal fissure looks like an elongated, triangular ulcer, localized, usually on the back of the intestine. Defects of the mucous membrane usually penetrates to the submucosa and is uneven, and in chronic course - dense (omozolene) edges.
A rectal examination with this disease should be performed with caution, using an ointment containing topical anesthetics. Rectoscopy is performed only after injection under the crack 4-5 ml of 1% solution of novocaine.
Treatment for acute disease is usually conservative: a gentle diet, taking laxatives and oils (vaseline, sunflower, sea-buckthorn, fish oil) through the mouth, microclysters (oily or with chamomile infusion), after defecation - sessile warm baths with a weak solution Potassium permanganate. If these measures are ineffective, as well as in the chronic course of the disease, alcohol-novocain blockades are applied or oil solutions, local anesthetics of prolonged action, and also phenol and alcohol are injected under the crack. In the absence of the effect of conservative treatment, the operation consisting in excision of a crack is shown.
Prevention consists in the fight against constipation and timely treatment of diseases of the colon and rectum.
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