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NEW METHODS OF EXTRACTION OF HIDDEN ENERGY OF POTENTIAL
ELECTRIC FIELD INTO KINETIC ENERGY AND
ELECTRICITY
The author of the article: Valery Dmitrievich Dudyshev
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"Look at the root" "New is a well-forgotten old" "Perfection has no limit" K. Prutkov
In this urgent article, in an acute polemic manner, many of the most acute problems of power engineering and mechanics are put and are being solved. A new perspective direction in the Energetic Science - Electrofield Power Engineering and Mechanics was proposed and comprehensively substantiated. The new low-cost technology for obtaining kinetic energy and electric energy from the potential energy of an electric field proposed by the author is widely illustrated by examples with specific inventions of the author. We hope that this article will arouse the keen interest of wide circles of readers and will serve the progress in energy and ecology.
Socio-energy paradoxes
The situation with the problems of the development of the world energy is full of paradoxes and contradictions. Civilization, on the one hand, desperately needs clean and cheap Energy. Because of energy carriers and because of cheap energy, international conflicts and wars arise. After all, the possession of a monopoly over energy sources is power over the world. But, on the other hand, the growing energy and environmental crises threaten to destroy nature and civilization. Therefore, right now we must look for a way out of the energy impasse. And many visionary and literate people understand this well. But are we really looking for it? Scientists and specialists know that valuable information already accumulated in the world on new energy technologies and energy saving is often practically not used in reality. Because many world monopolies are likely to be unprofitable for radical and rapid progress in Energy and the technology of its consumption, while costly and inefficient energy and technology are profitable. Because of this imperfection of energy directly depends on their profits. Because the less effective Energy, the more energy is more expensive, and the less perfect the technique, the more it consumes energy. The paradoxes of the development of civilization are obvious.
One gets the impression that civilization is not yet morally ready for rapid progress and for new breakthrough energy technologies. Judge for yourself. World reserves of non-renewable traditional energy carriers are running out, fuel and electricity are constantly rising. And although the world's energy demand is extremely acute, but civilization still does not hurry to radically improve even existing energy and its conversion technology. I will give examples. Now, electricity, heat and traffic are mainly derived from energy carriers and fuels. Paradoxically, but also in the 21st century reduced to total costs, efficiency Use of energy carriers and fuels - while all power plants are at the level of 10-15% .. But we still do not know how and do not want to economically spend either primary energy, fuel or electricity. A vivid example of the "artificial inhibition" of the introduction of many revolutionary inventions in the field of energy is the oblivion of the science of the progressive single-wire transmission line of the great N. Tesla. The fact that the world energy industry is ineffective, but it also poisons with products of inefficient combustion of these energy carriers not only us, but all and Nature. And in connection with the extreme inefficiency of energy - the entire Nature of the planet in the zone of global ecological disaster. And it is very sad to realize this But the wise Nature will not long endure this wasteful madness of an unreasonable civilization. And the payoff is already close, if we do not find a way out, and if we do not quickly become wise ... So where is the way out of the Energy dead end and is there anyway?
The world is looking for new sources of energy
The world stubbornly searches for the Pure and inexhaustible Energy ... The need for civilization in it is enormous. After all, in fact, it has already entered the global energy and ecological crisis. But scientists and technicians still do not really know what they are looking for, and do not know what energy is. And define it so far - simplistically - just how the ability of matter to do the work. Science still operates by the laws of conservation of only known types of energy. On this shaky theoretical basis, official science often cuts off any ideas of devices with highly efficient use of the hidden energy of matter (with an efficiency of more than 100%). Although at the same time, science is tolerant of a heat pump. With its extremely high energy index, which uses and converts the low potential heat of the environment, as is known with efficiency. 200-300% and higher / 8 /. Examples of paradoxical in its contradictory temporal socio-energy "eclipse of reason" earthlings can continue indefinitely. So is there a way out of the psychological and energy impasse of civilization? And where is it and what is it exactly? The simplest answer is this. We need to return to the sources, to the basics of our knowledge of energy and technology, to their principles. And rethink them anew. To do this, you first need to answer a few additional simple-looking questions.
What is energy?
So long as energy is defined as the ability of forms of matter to accomplish work and the general measure of the motion of matter / 10 /. However, it is intuitively clear that Energy is a much wider and as yet unknowable phenomenon of our world. After all, what is matter - science, too, is still far from clear. And the whole of our world is not yet known by science. The basis of science is the experimental data. However, the previous inexact experiments become obsolete and new unusual sensational experiments of scientists come to replace them / 1,3,7,8,9 /. Therefore, all the known conservation laws formulated on the basis of previous experimental data are very limited in their application, not comprehensive, and require correction. And many of the latest experiments show a violation of existing known laws of conservation of energy. Hence, it is time to expand the concept of Energy and the formulation of the laws of conservation of energy. More and more serious and objective scientists, under the pressure of irrefutable results of many experiments and experiments, become supporters of the theory of ether. For example, experiments on cold fusion, on vortex heat generation in water, by isolating in the form of heat its latent energy, and other / 8,9 /. This understanding of Ether as the Ocean of Energy - is increasingly maturing in the minds of scientists. The experiments of N. Tesla and his followers, in particular, on single-wire power lines, show that Ether, as a more subtle matter over the known material world, is also full of energy and ready to give it to us / 10 / ... But are we ready for this Take energy ... and how is it easier to do? Given the new experimental facts, in my opinion, there is a need to adjust the fundamental concepts in science-Energy and the Law of Conservation of Energy. Below is the first attempt to correct these basic concepts of physics.
Definition of energy Energy is the aggregate of the number of motions of all carriers of movement of all forms of matter in our world, both discovered by science and all forms of matter, the yet not fully known Ether, and its particles.
The Universal Law of Conservation of Energy (ZSE) should be understood as the constant of this total amount of motion. An important practical consequence of this law is the fundamental possibility of using and translating the hidden energy of matter - the energy of electric fields, into the real useful Energy of our real terrestrial energy. But how can this be practically done? About this below.
Why do we need energy?
The question is simple and naive - only at first glance. To obtain other types of useful energy: the kinetic motion of mechanisms, electricity, heat, cold, light - you will answer. Correctly. Then the next question - is it possible to do at all in the Energy without burning fuel? You immediately remember the energy of the Sun, rivers and seas, and the wind - but then still answer - no. Because, all these unconventional energy technologies are still imperfect, and far from covering the deficit of the required energy capacity. But is there any effective way and a simple way out of the Energy impasse! Yes there is! It consists in the fact that in order to solve the problems of world energy it is necessary:
A) firstly, at the first stage, radically improve all energy converters and thereby sharply reduce fuel and electricity consumption for performing useful previous work.
B) learn how to efficiently and simply receive, transform using the hidden energy of matter and the renewable Energy of our environment.
Where and what is wasted energy is spent and why energy consumers are so imperfect
The simple answer is this. So far, more than half of all the chemical energy of non-renewable energy sources, for example various fuels, is being spent so far on heat losses and toxic emissions. Because while power converters and power consumers are extremely imperfect. And while they are very inefficiently using and spending primary fuel and (or) electricity to convert it into work (for example, in vehicles) and other types of useful energy (for example, for lighting).
Examples
If the ratio of useful work to the spent primary energy (chemical energy of fuel and energy carrier) is understood as the coefficient of efficiency (efficiency) of the power plant, then a bleak picture of the extreme unprofitable real Energy is obtained. So, for example, the real efficiency Modern thermal machines, including ICE not more than 30%. Reduced efficiency Thermal power plants in the generation of electricity - no more than 40%, efficiency Devices of electric lighting systems are also extremely low. For example, a light bulb it only 5-7%! Efficiency A centralized system for supplying the generation and distribution of heat in cities - no more than 50% with extremely low reliability. Etc. ... Therefore, in order to dramatically ease the problem of the energy crisis of civilization, we urgently need to improve the energy transformers and energy consumers themselves. But how to do that? In this we will be helped by my inventions in the field of energy conversion and new methods of using the hidden energy of matter, and in particular, the new potential electric power field. This is below.
Fundamentals of electro-potential energy
To do useful work you need energy and strength. With energy, we sorted out a little. And what is power? This is a measure of the impact of the field. For example, mechanical, electrical and other fields. And the important thing is that any force can do the work. The concept of the field and force in science has not yet been determined at all. But it is absolutely certain how to create an electric field and how to obtain the electric force of the Coulomb. And this is the main thing. It remains to understand how it, this force, is useful to use.
Mysterious electric force of the Coulomb and useful work from the electric field
In living Nature, there are independent electrical charges and powerful electric forces of interaction of electric charges. Let us recall the same stormy phenomena. Electric charges and electric fields create Electric forces. These forces are huge. Coulomb's law is known to us from school. Moreover, according to this fundamental law of physics, the magnitude of this force depends only on the magnitude of the charges and the distance between them, and does not depend on the mass of the body.
I propose to use the potential Energy of the electric field and the huge electrical forces of Coulomb to perform work without fuel and with a minimum of electricity costs.
And with the use of only one electrical potential for the performance of work - i.e.
I propose a new electro-potential Energy.
Physical feasibility and efficiency
New electro-potential energy
Estimating the magnitude of the electrical forces of Coulomb
At an electric current of 1, and on a wire, for example through incandescent lamps, there are electric charges of enormous magnitude 1 Cl. In 1 sec. Even in the electricity network of the apartment these Coulombs of electricity are abundant. And what is the magnitude of the repulsive force of two electric charges of 1 Cl? You will be surprised when you find out about it ... The answer is this. Two identical el. Charged bodies with charges of 1 Cl, placed initially at a distance of 1 m, repel each other with a force of almost 10 to 10 degrees Newtons, (the formula of Coulomb's law - is in any elementary reference book on physics) ... The paradox is that, That despite the popularity of the fact that Coulomb's forces are inconceivably huge, they are in fact not really used in the Energy industry. They are the most powerful in nature after nuclear forces. Coulomb forces arise wherever there are electrical charges. The main thing is to be able to allocate these charges on bodies and make them work for us ...
Energy costs to create powerful Coulomb forces are minimal
Surprisingly, to create such powerful forces, with an excess of sufficient power in modern devices of any desired civilization power - do not need large quantities of charges and large power inputs ... So great are these forces. So to create the required values of e. Charges practically do not require electricity, and even more so, large electrical currents. It's electrostatics. That's why it's so advantageous to use Coulomb's electric forces in practice. By controlling the magnitude of electric charges, the Coulomb forces can be varied.
Particularly promising and valuable for the new potential energy is the power repulsion of electrically charged bodies with the same name. Because in this case the effect of electric breakdown between these charged bodies is completely eliminated and there will be no runoff of charges from their surfaces ....
Mechanical movement and mechanical work from the forces of repulsion of the Coulomb
From the school course of physics, everyone knows that work is the product of force over a distance, and unlike electrical charges are repelled. And the effect of force interaction of electric charges is determined from school by the familiar law of Coulomb. All these facts are known, but not everyone realizes that Coulomb's electric forces are huge in the presence of certain conditions and are quite capable of doing useful work with a minimum of electricity consumption. Because these forces are able to provide motion of charged bodies. Let us explain this with an example. It is quite clear that if two high-frequency bodies touching one source feed a high electric potential jumpwise, they will instantly be charged with electricity and begin to repulse ... These powerful forces of electrical repulsion give rise to the movement of electrically charged bodies in different directions. Consequently, the forces of Coulomb, for example the repulsive forces of like-charged bodies, which received the electric charge of the same name, bringing these bodies into motion, and transforming the energy of the electric field of one potential into the kinetic energy of the motion of these bodies-are capable of doing useful work. And, almost without the cost of electricity. We emphasize once again that for such a transformation of the potential energy of the electric field and charges into the kinetic work of the motion of bodies, only one electric potential is needed. Therefore, such energy is called Potential Energy.
Examples of transforming the potential energy of an electric field into kinetic energy of motion are highly economical electro-potential motors
Traditionally, it is considered that much energy is required to perform useful work. In particular, while all modern engines (both thermal and electric) are very energy-intensive (they consume a lot of heat and electricity) The problem of power storage devices is a key unresolved, in fact, problem for creating full-fledged electric vehicles with a high mileage resource without frequent recharging of batteries. However, another solution is possible for the engines, using the potential energy of the electric field and powerful Coulomb forces. I propose new ways of converting the potential energy of an electric field into other types of energy and simple electro-potential motors based on it with an efficiency of over 90%. /1/. They include the source of the electric field, for example, a high-voltage voltage converter, or an electric current without electric current, and an oscillating circuit of different types and at least one energy storage device. The simplest electro-potential oscillating-type motor with a return spring is shown in Fig. 1. The designations of the elements of the device are given under the figure. This setup realizes the principle of converting the potential energy of the electric field into work by means of Coulomb's electric repulsive forces. On the plates (Fig. 1), connected initially densely together, jump abruptly high electric potential from the source of el. Field 1 (of the order of 20 kV). Plates 3,4 almost instantly charged with the same electric charge of the same sign, then repelled from each other by Coulomb forces. And they begin to move intensively in opposite directions before touching with charge-bearing needles 9. Springs 5, 6 compress and acquire potential energy of compression. At the time of electric discharge of the plates on the points 9 located on the grounding platform, 10 the Coulomb forces disappear. And the previously compressed springs return the plates from the return points (3-1, 4-1) to their original state before touching them. Then repeat the procedure. Note that this low-cost reciprocating electric motor works only from one electrical potential. It needs to constantly replenish the charge on the plates 3,4, although the Coulomb forces are quite large even with a minimum electric charge of the plates 3,4. But even more economical variants of its design are possible ... For this, this total electric charge on the plates It is necessary either to recover (return) again to the plates, or to save them (screen charges) during their return movement. For example, make the plates 3,4 of electrets and screen them on the back of the plates. Then, on the return path of returning these plates to their original position, for example, under the action of the energy of a previously compressed spring, these over shielded charges do not prevent their return. And then, as the bodies converge, we again remove the shield from these bodies and again carry out the electric repulsion of like-charged bodies .
 |
The notation in Fig. 1. |
Fig. 1
The simplest electro-potential
Return motor
Since these once-induced electric charges on these bodies can then be repeatedly used for multiple return motion of bodies, such an electric field mechanics is extremely economical.
Completely non-current "eternal" electric motor
Electret-mechanical type with curtains
It is shown in Fig.2. And consists of the body 1, with two stationary stator electretes fixed by its edges 2,4 of their movable electret rotor 3, supplemented by the lifting mechanism (8-10) of the two screening shutters 5.6 The electret rotor 3 makes a return -Oscillatory motion between fixed electrets 2.4. It is shown in Fig. 2 that electret 3 by electric repulsion forces from electret 2 moves to the closed electromechanical shutter 4 .. At the same time, the shutter 5 starts to fall on the beam 7 through the system of gears 8,9,10 and shields electret 2. A shielding Curtain 6-on the contrary - it rises and opens the second stationary electret 4. And the electret rotor 3 stops and starts due to the appearance of electric repulsive forces of electrets 3 and 4, its repeated return movement to electret 2. And then the process of motion of the rotor 3 is automatically repeated. In fact, this "eternal" oscillating electric motor using the potential energy of the electric field of electrets 2,3., 4, which operates on the electric repulsive forces of like charges, i.e. On the forces of Coulomb.
Fig. 2
"Eternal" reciprocating electret motor
With an autooscillatory electromagnetic circuit
Fig. 3
Electric motor design
The construction of such a motor is shown in Fig. The device of the motor consists of a free-running piston-rotor made of a charged mono-electric. Inside the hollow chamber, plates of an electric condenser are placed. The chamber is a hollow cylinder with plates of an air electric capacitor placed on its inner ends (Fig. 3) ... These conductive plates are electrically connected to the outputs of a high-voltage voltage converter regulated in amplitude and frequency (voltage inverter) ... Parallel to the conclusions of these plates Capacitors are connected to the electrical inductance (Fig.4) ... The electric capacitor (capacitance) inside the motor and this inductance form an electromagnetic oscillatory circuit. Structurally, the generator inductance can be wound from the outside to a given cylindrical magnetically permeable chamber.
Fig. 4
In fact, an original combined electromechanical oscillating system is proposed that combines a resonant electromagnetic oscillatory circuit and an oscillating electret-mechanical circuit. The principle of operation of this reciprocating (oscillatory) engine consists in a cyclic change in the polarity of the electric charge on the plates of this internal condenser. As a result of the appearance of powerful Coulomb forces, the electret rotor gets acceleration and moves in the chamber to a plate with the opposite electric charge. After switching the polarity of voltage and the signs of charge on the plates of the capacitor - it starts to move with acceleration to the opposite electrode. We note that as the electret accelerates, an emf appears in the chamber in the inductor, which starts to automatically change the charge on the plates of the capacitor. Due to this, the electret rotor approaches the electrode with the opposite electric charge firstly decelerated, and then, at the moment of changing the sign of the charge on this electrode to the opposite one, it begins to move to the opposite electrode inside the chamber. The force of repulsion (acceleration) of the electret rotor and the frequency of its oscillations between the plates of the internal capacitor depends on the charge of the electret rotor, on the value of the initially applied high voltage applied to the plates, and on the parameters of the oscillatory circuit. Since the electric currents in the circuit are small and in connection with the energy exchange between the capacitor and the inductance, the energy losses are extremely small and the efficiency Such an electromechanical converter of electric field energy into traction and electricity is close to 1 and may well exceed 1, if we understand only the energy and grid, but not the energy of the electric field, to be consumed by energy.
Combined electrostatic motor generators
Surprisingly, by means of the potential energy of the electric field, it is possible to simultaneously obtain both these types of energy (and kinetic energy of motion, for example, the energy of rotation, and at the same time, electricity). The regulation of the amount of generated kinetic energy and electric power in the load from the potential energy of the electric field is achieved by varying the magnitude of the intensity of the initial or induced electric field or the magnitude of the electric charge. Consider some of these devices.
Electret motor-generator
Rotational type (Fig.5)
An even more original version of my "eternal" electret motor - rotation generator on two electret disks is shown in Fig. The device of such an unusual generator contains two or more pairwise segmented electret discs of free rotation 1.2 and two (and more) charge-collecting plates 3 located at the minimum gap, parallel to these discs. To start the generator it is enough to turn these disks in opposite directions. The second charge collector plate with electric load is not shown to simplify the figure. A similar device already works in France and is described in the article / 6 /. Unlike analogue / 6 /, in my electrostatic generator more highly effective electret materials are used and the design is substantially improved. Due to the high electrical strength and density of electret charges, the power of such a generator is increased many times at the same speed of rotation with the same speed / 6 / with the same dimensions of the device
The principle of operation of such a simple electret motor - generator of rotational type (Fig. 5) is explained below.
After the initial forced dislocation of the disks 1,2 in different directions, these segment electret disks 1,2 further spontaneously rotate in different directions due to the force interaction of electric charges of electrets between them, and the electric field from them induces a fixed flat electrode 3, induces on it the e ..d. Electric induction. The speed of rotation is determined by the ratio of the design parameters of the installation and the electret parameters of the emf. The generated voltage is proportional to the speed of rotation of these disks and the number of electret segments. As a result of the rotation of these disks and the change in the electric tension. Fields on the electrode 3 are cyclically induced electric charges of different signs and in the load (4) electric energy of alternating current is allocated ... In Fig. 3 shows the electrical load in the form of a luminous bulb 4, included in the circuit "electrode-3- electrical load-ground".
Combined motor - generator of progressive-rotary type
Fig. 6
Figure 4 shows such a simple multifunctional "eternal" motor-generator. It consists of a rotating segment electret disk (8,10) and two electrets 3,4 placed in a vertical column 1. Moreover, the movable electret 3, when repelled from the stationary electret 4, performs reciprocating movements, which are provided through a transmission mechanism 9 made In the likeness of a child toy-yule, the continuous rotation of a segmented electret disk (8.10). As a result of this rotational motion of the electret disk, an emf appears. Electric induction and power generation. The generator circuit of the device is similar, shown in Fig. 3, and therefore is not shown. Moreover, the parameters of electric motions generated by the electric field and the kinetic energy of the motion of these bodies can be regulated by changing the parameters of the device and the parameters of the primary electric field. Devices (Fig. 3, 4) are tested on existing models and have proved their work capacity. The constructive study of low-cost electric field motors for electric vehicles is shown in Fig. 7. The kinetic energy of the reciprocating motion of the electric (or electret) rotor of this unusual slightly costly electric field motor is converted by a crank mechanism into the usual rotation of the distributing elbow of the electric vehicle shaft. Naturally, the working chamber itself and the contact parts of the mechanics, for example, the rod, are electrically insulated with special cermets. In order to prevent the draining of electric charges from the working plates of the electric condenser ... The thrust, the torque on the shaft and the revolutions of such an electric motor are regulated not by an increase in the electric current, as in conventional electric motors, but by a change in the value of the source voltage and, as a consequence, the magnitude of the electric charge on the plates of the sign- Electric capacitor. To increase the dielectric strength, the working chamber of such a low-cost electro-potential motor is filled with SF6 gas having an extremely low viscosity. The work of this original low-cost electric motor (Fig. 7) can be viewed in the form of an animation here
The basic formulas for the approximate calculation of the vibrational
Electret engine-generator
The force of electric repulsion of interacting electrets F (n) is
F = 9х10 ^ 10x q1xq2 / r ^ 2 (1)
Where q1, q2 are electrical charges of monoelectroelectrics (Кл), .r-distance between electrets (m)
The magnitude of electric charges is calculated by the formula
Q1 = q2 = k1xS, (2)
Where k1 is the surface density of el. (5x10-4K / m2, S-area of the end (m2)). The data on mono-electrets are taken from the source / 6 /. The useful work and power of such an electric motor depends on the design parameters and the parameters of the electrets themselves.
The useful power of this electret motor P (W) is equal to
P = FxLxf (3)
An example of an approximate calculation of the "eternal" electret motor (Fig. 2)
The repulsive force of monoets with a diameter of 50 cm at a distance of 10 mm is of the order of 1T. With an average repetition force of mono-etets of 3000n for the period, and a length of the working stroke of the electret rotor of only 0.2m and a frequency of 50Hz, the power will be 30 kW. The useful work of an electric motor on electrets is:
A = FxLxtxf (4)
From the analysis of the principle of its operation it is quite clear that the efficiency Such an electric motor is higher than 1. After all, there is no electricity supplied to it at all, and it does the work.
Thus, the potential electric field through Coulomb forces is fully capable of transforming the latent energy of an electrical character into useful work and kinetic energy of motion.
B) the production of electricity using the electric field and the forces of Coulomb
With the reciprocating motion of electrically charged bodies, relative to the initially uncharged body, electrical energy can also be generated. For example, by, for example, directing electrical induction in an electrically insulated fixed plate placed parallel to the path of their movement, from the rate of change in the electric field strength in it, as the reciprocating motion of these bodies.
Ed. The electrical induction (e) induced on the plate is:
E = kxd N / dt (5)
Where N = ExS (6)
Where E is the electric field strength (in / m);
S-area of electrically charged bodies (m),
K is the coefficient taking into account the design features of the electret generator
Or writing this formula (5) differently, we obtain
E = kxfx N (7)
The frequency of the induced emf (F) on this plate is proportional to the frequency of mechanical vibrations and the number of electret segments. Naturally, the vibrations of a thin electret plate relatively fixed - can be provided in other ways. For example, independent mechanical influences (wind power, for example) or sound vibrations - according to the principle of operation of an electret microphone. The frequency of induced electric induction will be equal to the frequency of oscillation of this electret plate, and the amplitude of the induced emf. Will be proportional to the rate of change of the electric field strength on the plate.
Examples of the realization of other useful devices of low-cost electric field power engineering
In my previous articles / 3-5 /, I have already proposed and described new technologies for using the potential energy of an electric field, in particular, for use in environmentally friendly combustion plants, in non-fuel orbital space and for low-cost hydrogen production from water. Above, in this article a number of useful methods and devices have already been presented for obtaining kinetic energy of motion and for generating electricity.
Here are some other examples of the simplest useful devices of this new electric field mechanics. Powerful Coulomb forces repulsion of the same name. Charged bodies can be successfully used, for example, in bearings.
Non-contact "eternal" electret bearings
Without bearings, civilizations simply can not survive. Bearings are the basis and the movable support of all moving and rotating structures. However, mechanical bearings are subject to relatively rapid wear. And therefore, they are not reliable enough, they require constant preventive inspection and care, (lubrication), have a limited service life.
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
The forces of the Coulomb repulsion of the same electric charges can also be used in bearings of a new generation. I propose a new type of non-contact bearing based on the electrostatic (electret) suspension of the inner and outer rings-rims of the bearing. There can be many options for implementing such non-contact levitation (suspension) on the forces of the coulomb. Moreover, it is most simple to carry out this contactless electrostatic suspension either by means of a triboelectric effect or by using new polymer materials - mono-ethers / 3 /. The technical serial production of electrets has long been mastered by industry. Electrets are already produced in large quantities in the form of a thin polymer film with a "frozen" in it an electric charge of a certain density. Since the electric charge in it is "frozen in", that is, it remains in it for as long as you like. Now the electret film is widely used in microphones and telephones. But the same electret film can be used for electrostatic suspension of bodies. In particular, it is advisable to use it in a new type of "perpetual" non-contact electrostatic bearings. The force of electrical repulsion in such a bearing with the same dimensions and masses of charge carriers is millions of times greater than the magnetic repulsion force in a magnetic bearing ... Therefore, beyond such contactless electret bearings is the future. Non-contact support electrodynamic suspension of bodies on the principle of el. Repulsion of two non-current electric field sources - electrets, reliably connected with levitated bodies, is shown in Fig. 8 Fig. 9 shows a non-contact perpetual electret rotation bearing. The working surfaces of the trenches 3.5 and balls 4 are covered with electret material by spraying. Due to the special trough-like construction of electret bearings and small gaps, their high resistance to dynamic loads is achieved. The design of such a rotation bearing is very simple: to ensure such an electrostatic levitation of the bearing rings, it is possible to securely seal its working surfaces in each other with this electret film. As a result, in the presence of such electret films pasted on the inner surface of the groove of the outer ring of the bearing and on the outer surface of the inner ring with a gap of only 1 mm, such a contactless rotating bearing can sustain a dynamic force of up to 2 -3 tons. Electromechanical calculations of the BPW with the help of a special PC program and experiments show that the use of modern electret materials in the HPV with the dimensions of typical bearings ensures their reliable operation at much higher dynamic loads (by orders) than their mechanical counterparts.
Electrostatic accelerators of bodies and liquids
Powerful Coulomb forces can be efficiently unidirectional to accelerate bodies and liquids. These physical effects of the low-cost process of electric acceleration of bodies in an electric field have already been tested by me in practice. Fig. 10 shows a simple experimental setup for creating an electrically charged jet from the potential energy of an electric field. Energy costs to create an electric jet at a speed of 50-100 m, are only 5-10 watts. The description of the experiment is given below.
Experiments on the electric acceleration of a liquid by a pulse in a capillary I discovered and experimentally studied the effect of powerful electric acceleration (throwing) of liquids of a dielectric nature in capillaries under the action of Coulomb forces in a strong electric field (of the order of 10-20 kV).
The technical realization of the method is simple enough. It can be carried out as follows ... Pour a small diameter tube of the order of 1-3 mm into the tube, a dielectric liquid, for example, diesel fuel. A strong electric field is injected into the liquid jumpwise. The liquid accelerates from the tube. The electric field is created in the column of the initially stationary liquid by means of two electrodes from a low-power high-voltage voltage converter. And in a certain direction and with a certain speed - to the open end of the tube - depending on the magnitude of the electrical potential placed in the liquid, about the design parameters of the installation. The effect of fluid acceleration is most noticeable (expressed) when one of the high electrical potentials is poured into the liquid itself, poured into a curved tube, and the other el. Potential at some distance from the tube cutoff (by the condition that the electric charges from the ring electrode to the body of the installation do not drain off). The physical essence and principle of the action of such a liquid electric accelerator are sufficiently clear. Under the influence of even one potential of the electric field in the dielectric liquid, the entire liquid acquires an electric charge of a certain sign, its molecules and clusters are polarized and aligned by a "locomotive" into long chains of interconnected polarized molecules. When a second potential is applied to the tube shear, a powerful electrostatic attraction force of these molecular chains arises to this external electrical potential (ring electrode). To increase the pressure in the barrel (tube), it is better to apply an electric field to the liquid in a jump, through the switch at the moment of the shot. And in order to increase the intensity of the acceleration of the liquid jet, it is expedient to immediately remove the field potentials at the moment of jet discharge from the tube.
According to the measurements of the fluid pressure, it was found that with this method, when the electric field is applied to the liquid by leaps and bounds, it is possible to achieve a high pressure at the cutoff of the tube at the time of detachment of the jet, of the order of 10-50 atmospheres and a flow velocity of 50-100 m / s, Applied high voltage (10-35 kV). Moreover, the electric costs for polarization and the acceleration of the liquid are negligible. This is understandable, because there is no current circuit discharge of the voltage source. After all, the liquid with dielectric properties and the powerful forces of Coulomb are used in the experiment.
This method, in my opinion, can be successfully applied, for example, as simple non-contact high-pressure fuel electrostatic pumps, for example, in motorized motor vehicles
Such examples of useful electric field devices based on the inventions of the author can be continued, but the limited scope of one article does not allow this. I would be grateful for the constructive feedback to this publication. I am also interested in a comprehensive creative discussion of this article and in mutually beneficial cooperation with companies on the introduction of my numerous new technologies and devices into practice.
Summary
A new physical principle is proposed for obtaining kinetic energy and electric power by isolating and transforming the latent energy of a potential electric field by means of the force interaction of electric charged bodies. Compared to analogs, this original useful method has high efficiency, is easy to implement, low-cost and much less energy-intensive.
The urgency and perspective of the new electro-potential energy and mechanics in this article is fully justified. On concrete examples it is shown that for the realization of this method it is most expedient to use powerful Coulomb forces repelling the same electric charges. This new effective method has already been tested in experiments, it is quite realistic and promising for its implementation in practice. And so the task of researchers at the present time is precisely in expanding the sphere of application of devices to transform the hidden energy of this mysterious matter - the potential energy of the electric field. Electrofield Power engineering and mechanics become even more promising in connection with the emergence and rapid development of non-current polymer sources of the electric field - carriers of "frozen" electric charges-electrets / 6 /. The proposed new electric field power and electric field mechanics are recommended for mass introduction.
conclusions
1. The social causes of the global energy and environmental crises of the planet are revealed, as well as paradoxes and contradictions in the development of modern energy.
2. The concepts of Energy and the formulation of energy conservation laws have been adjusted.
3. The main tasks of the Energetics for its accelerated development and elimination of the causes of the energy and ecological crisis have been formulated and set, namely, the need for a sharp qualitative improvement of energy consumers and reducing unproductive losses and the development of new ways of obtaining and converting the fuelless energy is proved.
4. A new perspective direction of the Power Industry - Electro-potential Power Engineering and Mechanics - has been proposed and comprehensively substantiated. 5. Physicotechnical foundations of the new direction of the Energy sector consist in the useful and effective use of the potential energy of electric fields and the powerful electrical forces of Coulomb to perform useful work. 6. On specific examples - the author's original inventions - the high efficiency of such new, slightly costly electro-potential devices for solving many actual other national economic problems, including And in the sphere of electricity generation and consumption.
Used literature
1. Dudyshev V.D. Method of electromechanical energy conversion of RF Pat. The FIPS decision to grant a patent under application No. 98122340 of 1998
2. The New Energy News Magazine May1994 (s.1-4)
3. Dudyshev V.D. New electric fire technology of environmentally friendly combustion. Jour. New Energy, No. 1/2003
4. V.Dudyshev. New effect of "cold" evaporation and dissociation of liquids on the basis of capillary electroosmosis Zhurn. "New Energy" No. 1/2003 5. Dudyshev VD New Fuelless Space Power Engineering New Energy Technologies November-December No. 6/2002
6. G.A. Lushchekin Polymer electrets M Chemistry 1986
7. The test. Electrostatic power generator. "New Energy" No. 1/2003
8. Yu. Potapov Rotational energy M., 2000.
9. F.M. Kanarev, T. Mizuno (Japan) Cold Synthesis in Plasma Electrolysis of Water Zhurn. "New Energy" No. 1/2003
10. The Great Encyclopedic Dictionary, Moscow, vol.2, p.699
print version
Author: Valery Dudyshev
PS The material is protected.
Date of publication 03.01.2005гг
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