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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2287499
RAW MIX FOR MANUFACTURE OF LIGHT FILLER
The name of the inventor: Filippova Olga Pavlovna (RU); Makarov Vladimir Mikhailovich (RU); Yamanina Nina Sergeevna (RU); Timrot Sergey Dmitrievich (RU)
The name of the patent holder: Yaroslavl State Technical University (RU)
Address for correspondence: 150023, Yaroslavl, Moscow Ave, 88, YaSGTU
Date of commencement of the patent: 2005.03.03
The invention relates to the production of artificial lightweight aggregates for concrete, for example, claydite. The raw material contains clay raw materials, oil compositions of the composition, by weight: the organic part is 38-45, the mineral residue containing 7.60-14.4% by weight of Fe 2 O 3 , 18.2-42.40% by weight of CaO , 42-45, and additionally a surfactant (detergent), a leaching of the diesel fuel with a content of 0.325% by weight of free NaOH, 7.680% by weight of naphthenic soaps, 91.995% by weight of water, with the following ratio of the components of the feed mixture, Wt.%: Clay raw material 84-95, said oil-layers 4-6, said surfactant 1-10. The technical result: a reduction in the amount of oil-slime in the mixture while maintaining the physico-mechanical characteristics of the aggregate obtained.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the production of building materials and can be used to manufacture artificial lightweight aggregates for concrete, for example, expanded clay.
The quality of expanded clay depends on the composition of the raw mix, which improves the padding of clay raw materials with additives used to intensify the physicochemical processes of the formation of this material, improve quality, increase productivity and reduce costs. The most promising is the use as a swelling agent for the production of expanded clay oil and oil sludge, tk. In its composition the above mentioned slimes contain both organic substances and iron oxides, the reserves of these sludges are huge, they are cheap raw materials and their use is economically advantageous in the production of expanded clay.
A raw mix is known containing (wt.%): Clay raw material - 50-80 and oil-slime-20-50 (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2049750, MKI 04 V, 14/12, 2003) . The light granular aggregate obtained with this raw material mixture has a bulk density of 366-390 kg / m 3 and a compressive strength in the cylinder of 1.24-1.30 MPa.
A disadvantage of the present invention is that the feed mixture contains a large amount of oil sludge, which as a result adversely affects the atmospheric emissions. The closest in technical essence to the invention is a raw mixture consisting of 10% clay raw material, 5-20% oil sludge and 70-85% volcanite. The light granular aggregate obtained with this raw material mixture has a bulk density of 205-384 kg / m 3 and a compressive strength in the cylinder of 0.51-1.28 MPa (AS No. 1655938 USSR, MKI 04 V 14/18, 1989) .
The drawbacks of the raw mix of the above composition are the high content of organic compounds, which can cause technological difficulties and worsen the sanitary and hygienic characteristics of the air of working areas and emissions into the atmosphere.
The object of the present invention is to change the composition of the raw meal, to improve the sanitary and hygienic characteristics of the atmospheric air and to reduce the amount of oil-slime added.
This task is achieved by significantly reducing the amount of oil-slime by introducing a surfactant (surfactant) into the raw mixture of the resulting expanded clay.
As components of the raw mixture are used (by weight): clay raw materials - 95-84, oil slimes formed during processing, storage of oil and oil products, - 4-6, and in addition surfactant surfactant - diesel fuel alkalis removal - 1 -10. The use of a small amount of oil-slime in the mixture due to the introduction of surfactants will allow to carry out the process of mixing the oil-slime with clay raw materials without deterioration of the claydite indices, the air condition of the working zones, and reduce the pollution of the atmosphere.
Example
For the preparation of the mixture, clay raw materials of the following chemical composition are used, by weight: SiO 2 - not more than 70; Al 2 O 3 - 10-25; Fe 2 O 3 + FeO - 2.5-12; TiO 2 - 0.1-2; CaO - no more than 6; MgO - no more than 4; The sum of sulfur compounds in terms of SO 3 - no more than 1.5, including, sulfide S - no more than 1; Organic substances - not more than 3.
The second component of the mixture is oil slimes, the characteristics of which are given in Tables 1 and 2.
The third component is a surfactant whose composition is presented in Table 3.
Clay raw materials with natural moisture enter the clay mixer, then there is also supplied oil and slurry and surfactant. Then the finished charge enters the granulator, the pellets are sent for drying (120-125 ° C) and the subsequent baking (1100 ° C). There is swelling and subsequent hardening of the mixture.
Examples of the proposed compositions and the properties of aggregates based on these are given in Table 4.
CLAIM
A raw material mixture for the production of lightweight aggregate, including clay raw materials and oil mills, characterized in that it contains oil-oil compositions of the composition, by weight: the organic part is 38-45, the mineral residue containing 7.60-14.4 weight% of Fe 2 O 3, 18.2-42.40 CaO, 42-45, and in addition, a surfactant (detergent), a alkalinization of diesel fuel with a content of 0.325 wt% free NaOH, 7.680 wt% naphthenic soaps, 91.995 wt% Water at the following ratio of the components of the raw mixture, mass%:
print version
Date of publication 15.12.2006гг
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