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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2086517
RAW MIXTURE FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF WALL CERAMICS
The name of the inventor: Tatsky LN; Lokhova NA; Gershanovich GL; Senichak E.B.
The name of the patent holder: Bratsk Industrial Institute
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1995.05.06
Use: production of building ceramic materials. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The raw material mixture comprises in wt.%: Microsilica of production of crystalline silicon 15 to 80 and high calcium ash from the combustion of brown coals 20 to 85. The components are mixed in a dry state, then moistened to a moisture content of 16%, the preforms are pressed, dried and calcined at a temperature 1000 o C. Physical and mechanical parameters are as follows: average density 1120 - 1460 kg / m 3 , compressive strength 11.4 - 21.3 MPa, water absorption 23.4 - 34%.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the production of building materials and can be used for the manufacture of wall products.
A raw material mixture is known for the production of ash-ceramic products, including ash and clay [1]. The disadvantage of this mixture is the unsuitability of high-calcium ash for the production of gilt ceramic products [2]
The closest to the proposed raw meal mixture according to the technical essence and achieved effect is the raw mix, including 6O.85 wt. Dry selection of Tom-Usinskaya GRES and 40.15% Fine wastes of ferrosilicon production [3] The disadvantages of this mixture are relatively low strength and the coefficient of constructive quality of the burned products.
The present invention provides a technical result - an increase in compressive strength and a constructive quality factor (KKK) of fired products.
The offered raw mix allows to increase the strength when compressing burned products in 1.5.2.8 times and increase the KKK by 1.7.2.7 times. In addition, the use of such large-tonnage wastes as high-calcium ash and microsilica production of crystalline silicon in the proposed mixture, contributes to the solution of the environmental problem. It is also important that the presence of a large amount of carbon (up to 9%) in microsilica allows us to consider the latter as a fuel-containing raw material component, which reduces the consumption of technological fuel for firing.
The above result is achieved by using silica fume as a microsilica for the production of crystalline silicon, and as ash, high calcium ash, entrapment from the combustion of brown coals with the following component ratio (wt.):
Microsilica production of crystalline silicon 15.80
High-calcium fly ash from the combustion of brown coal 85.20
Microsilica production of crystalline silicon is an amorphous fine-dispersed waste, characterized by a small particle size (0.1.3 μm) and, as a consequence, a high specific surface area (more than 25,000 cm 2 / g). The microsilica is precipitated in the electrostatic precipitators of the gas cleaning system of the melting furnaces of the production of crystalline silicon, after which it is removed in the form of an aqueous suspension in the slurry storage. Chemical composition of microsilica (w / w):
SiO 2 90.95
Al 2 O 3 to 0.8
Fe 2 O 3 to 0.8
CaO to 1.6
MgO up to 1.2
SiC to 5
C total to 9
K + up to 0,25
Na + up to 0.06
Pp. Up to 20
The fly ash from the burning of brown coals of the Kansk-Yachin basin (Irsha-Borodino, Nazarovo, Berezovskoye deposits) are high-calcium and contain (in wt.)
SiO 2 21.55
Al 2 O 3 4.11
Fe 2 O 3 6.16
CaO 20.46
MgO 3.6
K 2 O 0.2.1.5
Na 2 O 0.2.0.6
SO 3 0.9.9
Free CaO 3.13
Flammable impurities not more than 2.2.5
Initial dispersity and features of the chemical composition of raw components ensure the formation of a strong porous ceramic shard during the roasting of the raw mix. The pore structure of the material is at the same time ensured by the burning out of carbon and combustible impurities contained in the raw material.
The amorphous highly active state of microsilica and the increased content of iron, calcium and magnesium oxides in the ash cause the early accumulation of the liquid phase and the crystallization of neoplasms that strengthen the product.
Example. To prepare the raw mix, high-calcium ash is used to remove brown coal from TPP-7 in Bratsk and microsilica to produce crystalline silicon from the Bratsk Aluminum Smelter.
The fly ash and microsilica are mixed in a dry state, after which they are moistened to a moisture content of 16. From the obtained raw mixture, the products are formed by semi-dry pressing, the semi-finished product is dried at 100.110 ° C to constant weight and calcined at 1000 ° C.
Specific examples of compositions and the physical and mechanical properties of products based on them are given in Table. 1 and 2.
CLAIM
A raw material mixture for the manufacture of wall ceramic products, including silica dust and ash, characterized in that it contains silica fume as a microsilica of production of crystalline silicon, and as ash high-calcium ash, the entrainment from burning of brown coals with the following component ratio,
- Microsilica production of crystalline silicon 15-80
- High-calcium ash entrainment from burning of brown coals 20-85v
print version
Date of publication 06.04.2007гг
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